The active, growing state of endospores or endospore-forming bacteria is vegetative.
The set of conditions under which bacteria can grow, live and reproduce actively is called the vegetative state.
Vegetative cells grow actively and can bear stress such as heat, chemicals, and radiation.
Moreover, it is difficult for them to manage and survive in harsh and stressful environmental conditions.
While some bacteria also form spores known as endospores which are dormant, inactive, and unable to reproduce but assist the bacteria to survive in a diverse and harsh environment.
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Which organelles contribute to synthesizing protein hormones and packaging them into secretory vesicles?
The organelle that contributes to synthesizing protein, hormones and packaging them into secretory vesicles is the Golgi complex.
In the field of science, the Golgi complex can be described as a membrane-bound organelle that is made up of cisternae. The cisternae are arranged in sacks in the Golgi complex
The Golgi complex is actively involved in synthesizing, modifying, and packaging of proteins into vesicles so that they can successfully be transported to their desired locations.
The Golgi complex is present near to Endoplasmic reticulum of a cell so that as soon as the proteins are made, the Golgi complex can carry out the process of processing them.
The Golgi complex is named after the scientist who was known for the discovery of this organelle, Camillo Golgi.
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A technique for determining protein structure that requires crystals of the protein is ___.
A technique for determining protein structure that requires crystals of the protein is X-ray crystallography.
The structure of protein can be of four types: (a) primary structure; (b) secondary structure; (c) tertiary structure and (d) quaternary structure. The primary structure is the most simple one with a linear chain of amino acids. Secondary structure can be alpha helix or beta sheets, tertiary structure is the folded state of secondary structure and quaternary structure is the combination of two or more tertiary structures.
X-ray crystallography is the technique through which the 3-D structure of a protein crystal can be determined. The crustal of protein is a highly purified form. Atomic as well as molecular structure can be determined by this technique.
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Which three of the following entities are acellular?.
a) prions archaea
b) viroids bacteria
c) viruses protists
d) fungi
Answer:
Prions archea, viroids bacteria, viruses protists are acellular while fungi is cellular.
While viruses have indeed been closely researched for more than a century for infections of people and animals, most viruses, particularly those that infect microorganisms, are still poorly understood.
Pathogenic RNA molecules are known as viroids. Contagious protein particles are identified as prions. Viruses are larger than that of viroids. Viroids are larger than prions in size.
Molds, wild yeasts, as well as mushrooms are examples of fungi. Numerous fungi are multicellular and also have nuclei in their cells. A protein-encased DNA or RNA core defines viruses being non - cellular organisms. Some scientists disagree with the notion that viruses are living things.
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You want to count only the viable cells in a sample. What is the best technique to do this?.
The best technique to count only the viable cells in a sample is the plate count method.
Viable cells are living and healthy cells among a population of cells under certain conditions. These are the metabolically active cells. The cells are important to know about various properties of the species of growing cells. This property is also widely used in drug testing.
Plate count method is the widely used laboratory technique to determine the count of viable cells. It is a multi-step process that requires strict aseptic and non-contaminated environment to obtain the accurate results. The result obtained is several colonies of cells that can be seen through unaided eyes.
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An advantageous mutation is more likely to get fixed in a population through genetic drift than is a deleterious mutation. True or false?.
It is false that an advantageous mutation is more likely to get fixed in a population through genetic drift than is a deleterious mutation.
Genetic drift is described as the random change in the frequency of a mutation in a population from generation to generation induced by the population's finite size. Most beneficial mutations are lost owing to genetic drift; however, some somewhat damaging mutations may become permanent.
It takes a long time to detect a significant influence of genetic drift on allele frequencies in large, unthreatened populations; genetic diversity indicates a balance between mutation and natural selection. When natural selection is much less than one, drift can counter selection, and alleles behave as if they are neutral. As a result of this process, small populations may exhibit more maladaptation (i.e., a mismatch between environment and mean phenotype) than larger populations. Mildly harmful mutations, on the other hand, will likely accumulate in small populations since selection is unsuccessful at eliminating them. This can result in a'mutational meltdown,' in which harmful mutations drive down population growth rate (and size), rendering the population more susceptible to subsequent mutation fixation.
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The vital ability of an organism to take certain actions when changes occur in its immediate environment is called ________.
The vital ability of an organism to take certain actions when changes occur in its immediate environment is called Adaptation
What is Adaptation ?In biology, there are three related definitions of adaptation. First, natural selection, a dynamic evolutionary process, adapts organisms to their environments, improving their evolutionary fitness. Second, it is a state that the populace attained as a result of that process.
The streamlined bodies of aquatic fish and mammals, the light bones of flying birds and mammals, the long, dagger-like canine teeth of carnivores, and the long necks of giraffes for feeding in the tops of trees are a few examples. According to all biologists, organismal characteristics frequently represent adaptations.Learn more about Adaptation here:
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The full meaning of WAI
Answer:
WA means Withdrawn Administratively.
Explanation:
5. Why are SI units used so often in science?
a.
Factors of 10 are easier work with mathematically.
b. SI units are bigger than English System units.
Factors of 3, 12, and 5,280 are easier to remember.
d. SI units are more accurate than English System units.
C.
The conversion foot
6
The SI units are preferred because factors of 10 are easier to work with mathematically.
What is the SI unit?We know that there are units that are common to many countries such as the English units and the American units. Now we know that the plentitude of units makes it confusing to use and hence there is a lack of consistence in the reportage of scientific data.
Hence, we know that it is common for many scientists to report research in the SI unit for the scientific community. Hence the SI units are so common in science because factors of 10 are easier to work with mathematically.
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Which types of drugs taken by a pregnant patient are more likely to have effects on a fetus? a.protein-bound drugs b.ionized drugs c.drugs that are highly polar d.lipid-soluble drugs
(D) Drugs that are lipid-soluble cross the placenta more easily. Highly polar, ionised, or protein-bound medications have a hard time crossing the placenta.
Why are drugs lipid soluble?Lipid-soluble medicines diffuse more quickly because the cell membrane is lipoid. Larger molecules typically take longer to cross membranes than smaller ones. The majority of pharmaceuticals are weak organic acids or bases that exist in aquatic environments as both ionised and unionised forms.
The gut wall and liver substantially process the more lipophilic medications (first-pass metabolism). The variability of this first-pass clearance can lead to 20-fold variations in the plasma drug concentrations of patients who received the same dose. Additionally, it makes patients with hepatic disease, particularly cirrhosis, more susceptible to pharmacological interactions with substances that change the hepatic drug metabolism, such as cimetidine.
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Sour dough bread is made sour by a decrease in ph caused by the acids produced by lactic acid bacteria.
a. true
b. false
Answer:
Sour dough bread is made sour by a decrease in ph caused by the acids produced by lactic acid bacteria is true.
Explanation:
A combination of flour with water is used to make sourdough, which is then fermented with yeast plus lactic acid microorganisms, especially bacteria. Then the starter's acids are what gives the bread its sour flavor. The starter has the ideal conditions to ferment and develop that particular sour flavor because of the components and a warm atmosphere. Find a cold environment for something like the dough to form if you want to produce a much more sour loaf.
Depending on the state of fermenting that it is in, the sourdough's pH varies, although in average it ranges from 3.5 to 5. Because harmful microbes cannot grow in a system with a pH lower than 4.6, this happens because the acidity keeps them away.
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What controls this ability to connect through the body movements and facial expressions of others?
Our volitional centre, the motor cortex, is where we impose specific facial expressions in order to convey the desired message or because the situation requires it.
What is the purpose of the motor cortex?The motor cortex's main job is to provide signals that control how the body moves. It is anterior to the central sulcus and a portion of the frontal lobe. The primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area make up this region.What kinds of motions does the motor cortex regulate?The motor cortex generates signals that are particular to movements and sends them to the muscles via spinal cord circuits and motor neurons to regulate motor behaviour. For the execution of movements to be precise, coordinated muscle activation patterns are required.learn more about motor cortex here
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If dev also has an absolute advantage in growing strawberries and raspberries , he will _________.
Have a competitive advantage in one of the activity but not both.
If dev also has an absolute advantage in growing strawberries and raspberries , he will have a competitive advantage in one of the activity but not both.
What is comparative advantage?Comparative advantage is the capacity of an economy to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than its trading rivals.The notion of comparative advantage explains why trade may benefit people, countries, or businesses.The importance of comparative advantageCompanies that enjoy a comparative advantage can provide their goods and services at lower prices than their competitors, which boosts their profit margins and increases their sales margins.How is comparative advantage determined?If a country produces a good or service with the lowest opportunity cost, it is said to have a comparative advantage.To learn more about comparative advantage visit:
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The barrier between the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments in an animal or plant is the:________
The barrier between the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments in an animal or plant is the plasma membrane.
The plasma membrane or cell membrane is a double membraned cell organelle that surrounds and protects the cell and other cell organelles. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane.
The plasma membrane is about 5 - 8 nm in thickness and is composed of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates that come together to form a flexible bilayer. This lipid bilayer gives the cell membrane its ability to separate intracellular and extracellular fluids.
The plasma membrane also plays a role in signalling and communication between cells and anchors the cytoskeleton to provide cell shape and maintain cell potential.
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Jay built a model of the solar system. What sort of information will his model be able to explain? What type of information would his model be unable to explain?
Answer:
the answer is
Explanation:
his model will be able to explain these
a) the positions of sun and planets
b) the modern solar system including planets
c) the distances between each planet from the sun
d) how many moon does each planet has
his model won't be able to explain these
a) how does the movement around the sun accur
b) what times and seasons of the year does the planet change
c) what's the times and ellipse could happen
.
hope this help if it does help I'd be happy if you follow and give me the brainliest answer
The muscle contraction mechanism that moves an egg down the fallopian tube toward the uterus is the same mechanism that moves?
The muscle contraction mechanism that moves an egg down the fallopian tube toward the uterus is the same mechanism that moves food from the esophagus to the stomach.
The food we eat is swallowed down by the esophagus. The food is moved down by the muscular contractions of the layers of the esophagus. These movements are called peristaltic movements or peristalsis. These peristaltic waves also help in the movement of food down the stomach into the intestine and then to the anus.
The ovum is released by the ovaries and is captured by finger-like projections of the oviduct. The fallopian tube or the oviduct allows fertilization in its ampullary region by the sperm. The mucosal lining of the fallopian tube releases some secretions into it for the nourishment of egg and sperm. These secretions include glucose, bicarbonate, calcium, sodium, chloride, and proteins. The mucosal lining has cilia which aid in the movement of a fertilized egg, called a zygote, toward the lumen of the uterus.
The distance covered by the zygote toward the lumen is dependent upon the peristalsis of the fallopian tube. Similarly, the food moved down the esophagus from the mouth to the stomach or anus is dependent upon the peristalsis of the esophagus and stomach linings.
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A difference in solute concentration can exist between the cytosol and the interstitial fluid because the ______ prevents their movement.
A difference in solute concentration can exist between the cytosol and the interstitial fluid because the phospholipid bilayer prevents their movement.
What is the phospholipid bilayer?Phospholipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.
A difference in solute concentration can exist between the cytosol and the interstitial fluid because the phospholipid bilayer prevents their movement.
The phospholipid bilayer is composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids it is referred as the backbone of all cellular, synaptosomal, and vesicular membranes.
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explain how atp is formed and broken down in the body
Answer:
ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule (a process called phosphorylation). This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release of energy from ATP to cellular activities that require energy.
Carrier proteins are slow, and can only move between ______ and_____ molecules per second.
Carrier proteins are slow, and can only move between 1,000 and 1,000,000 molecules per second.
What is Carrier protein?Carrier protein is a type of cell membrane transport protein involved in facilitated diffusion and active transport of substances out of or into the cell or the movement of ions, small molecules, macromolecules, across a biological membrane. Carrier proteins diffuses sugars, amino acids, and nucleosides. An example of a carrier protein is the sodium potassium pump that uses ATP to move three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell.
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___can be separated by physical methods can only be separated by chemical methods and __ cannot be broken down further.
Mixtures can be separated by physical methods can only be separated by chemical methods and elements cannot be broken down further.
Physical methods can be used to separate mixtures, especially mixtures of solids. It is worth of note that physical methods can also be used to separate liquid mixtures. For instance, the fractional distillation of petrol is a physical process. Chemical procedures can separate compounds, but components cannot be broken down further. In other words, chemical methods/reactions can split a complex into simpler compounds. Chemical processes or physical mechanisms cannot break down elements into simpler compounds. Also, note that elements are further divided into electron, proton and neutron but this separation is neither by physical or chemical methods.
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Which layer of the atmosphere holds the ozone layer?
Answer here
__________
Answer:the stratosphere
Explanation:
Answer:
The ozone layer is one layer of the stratosphere, the second layer of the Earth's atmosphere
Blood vessels become _______________ and more _________________ enter the damaged tissue.
Blood vessels become wider (dilate), allowing and more blood to enter the damaged tissue.
What are blood vessels and its function?Blood is delivered to human tissues by blood arteries, which act as conduits or channels. Two tube-like closed systems comprised of the vessels start and stop at the heart. Blood is transported from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium by one system, the pulmonary arteries.
What three types of blood vessels are there?Over 60,000 miles of arteries, veins, and capillaries make up this extensive network of blood vessels. That is long enough to do two additional world trips. Your body's blood vessels continuously carry blood.
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What characteristics make a particular molecule organic? select the two answers that are correct.
Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
What are organic molecules?Organic molecules generally have carbon, oxygen and hydrogen bonds. Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with organic chemistry.
Organic molecules are compounds with complicated structures. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are some kind of organic molecules. Organic molecules are generally larger than inorganic molecules.
Carbon chain in organic molecules can be straight, branched or ring shaped. This compounds have some functional groups such as hydroxyl, methyl and carbonyl.
Therefore, Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
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How do you describe Ammonia in 4-5 words without using any of the 5 scenes so like taste smell sight things like that.
Answer:
an inorganic compound NH3
Each peroid of the periodic table begins on the left with a:
very active metal
metalloid
rare-earth metal
Answer:
Rare Earth medals
Explanation:
Ibuprofen is a drug commonly used to relve inflammation and pain, it is a mixture of two enatiomes whicha re moldules that:_______.
Answer:
Зато хохлосвиней умеешь поддерживать , мерзавец. И глупую Украину, как Америка. Путин молодец!!! Америке скоро пипец будет , а Россия будет процветать.
Explanation: Такой же тупой америкос как те укры в Украине
Biologists suspect that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondria before chloroplasts because?
Biologists suspect that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondria before chloroplasts because several eukaryotes lack plastids, but all eukaryotes contain mitochondria.
Endosymbiosis- Endosymbiosis is a symbiotic connection in which one organism lives inside the other. The term "primary endosymbiosis" describes the first time an ancient eukaryotic cell internalized prokaryotes, giving rise to the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Eukaryotes- Every creature or cell with an identifiable nucleus. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, which houses the well-defined chromosomes (bodies holding the genetic material), is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Prokaryotes- Prokaryotes are creatures without a nucleus or other organelles in their cells. Bacteria and archaea, two separate groupings of prokaryotes with allegedly independent evolutionary histories, are separated into.
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The most radiosensitive period during pregnancy for radiation induced congenital abnormalities is during the _____________________.
The first trimester of pregnancy is the most radiosensitive time for radiation-induced congenital abnormalities.
An abnormality that is present at birth is what?A structural or functional anomaly that develops intrauterinally is referred to as a congenital anomaly. These illnesses, which are also known as birth defects, congenital disorders, or congenital abnormalities, arise during pregnancy and can be diagnosed before or at delivery as well as later in life.What common anomalies of birth are there?Down syndrome, neural tube problems, and heart defects are the most prevalent serious birth disorders. The precise causes of birth malformations are frequently difficult to pinpoint, even if they may be due to one or more genetic, viral, dietary, or environmental factors.
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The probability that a person with a positive screening test actually has the disease screened for is called:________
The probability that a person with a positive screening test actually has the disease screened for is called: Positive predictive value.
A screening test is a medical test or treatment carried out on members (subjects) of a designated asymptomatic population or population subgroup to determine the likelihood that their members will have a specific condition. It is also referred to as medical surveillance.
When a person does not exhibit any symptoms of a condition, a screening test is performed to look for probable health issues or diseases. The objective is early identification, lifestyle modifications, or surveillance to lower the risk of disease or to identify it early enough to receive the best possible care. Screening tests are used to identify a subset of the population who should undergo additional testing to ascertain the existence or absence of disease, even if they are not thought of as diagnostic.
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When environmental conditions around a bacterium are either a neutral ph or an alkaline ph, the surface of a bacterium will:__________-
When environmental conditions around a bacterium are either a neutral ph or an alkaline ph, the surface of a bacterium will: have a negative charge
To identify if a bacterium has a negative charge a gram stain must be performed, this is a rapid laboratory test used to detect the presence of bacteria that cause an infection, if the result of the gram stain is red the bacteria are gram negative.
What is a bacteria?It is a microorganism formed by a single cell, of small size. Its cellular structure is prokaryotic and it is characterized by not having a nucleus.
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Mechanical stress from manual labor accelerates keratinocyte multiplication. this results in formation of:________
Mechanical stress from manual labor accelerates keratinocyte multiplication. this results in formation of: callus
What stage of a keratinocyte's existence is it in?A basal keratinocyte has recently undergone mitosis to split into two new basal keratinocytes in the basal layer of the skin, the innermost stratum. This newly formed cell begins to divide, giving rise to numerous other keratinocytes.
During their about one-month long life cycle, keratinocytes undergo morphological modifications. From the basal layer, where keratinocytes are formed, to the superficial layer, where they die and separate from the epidermis, the changes occur gradually.
Depending on whether they are differentiated or undifferentiated, keratinocytes can range in size. In vivo, the size is thought to range from 15 to 50 micron.
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