If 30% of the DNA is Adenine, then 20% will be guanine.
What is chargaff's rule?The molar ratios [A] = [T] and [C] = [G] were present in all species, and the ratio [C + G] / [A + T] was often lower than unity since [C + G] is a less common element. And Chargaff's rule name is given to these ratios.
Additionally, the molar similarities of A with T and C with G naturally support a certain type of combination link. Furthermore, Chargaff himself is unwilling to take a chance on claims of his experimental observation in the absence of new experimental ideas.
Additionally, he believed that Watson and Crick's model-building strategy was not grounded in science. Most notably, he later disparaged molecular biology in general and eventually grew frustrated at what he perceived as a refusal to acknowledge the significance of his work.
Therefore, in this case, 30% is Adenine and 30% will be Thymine, so the remaining 40% will be GC, out of which 20% will be Guanine.
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A client with a pathophysiologic condition that affects the desmosomes is most likely to exhibit?
A client with pathophysiology condtions that affects the Desmosomes is most likely to exhibit seperation at the junctions between epithelial cells.
Where are Desmosomes function?Desmosomes are intercellular junctions that confer strong cell to cell adhesion.They are found in epithelia and cardiac muscle and are located at the cell membrane,where they act as anchors for intermediate filaments.
Desmosomes represents major intercellular adhesive junctions at basolateral membranes of epithelial cells and in other tissues.
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Which statement describes the culture of the Anasazi and Aztec best?
A. The Anasazi and Aztec civilizations lived in Mexico.
B. The Anasazi and Aztec created pottery for trading.
C. The Anasazi and Aztec were known for farming.
D. The Anasazi and Aztec were known for building stone temples.
The statement which describes the culture of the Anasazi and Aztec best is that they were known for farming and is denoted as option C.
What is Agriculture?This is defined as a practice which is characterized by the growing of crops and rearing of animals for personal and commercial purposes and is dependent on resources such as availability of water, sunlight etc.
The people of Anasazi and Aztec are known to be predominantly into agriculture and employed the use of irrigation systems so as to ensure that their crops are well watered for optimal growth and yield.
This is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Identification of bacteria in the laboratory usually begins with the ________ for placement in one of two large groups of bacteria.
Identification of bacteria in the laboratory usually begins with the gram stain for placement in one of two large groups of bacteria.
A gram stain is a rapid laboratory test used to detect the presence of bacteria that cause an infection.
By doing a gram stain test we can identify whether the bacteria have a positive or negative charge, so that if the result of the gram stain is red, the bacteria are gram-negative.
What is a bacteria?It is a microorganism formed by a single cell, of small size. Its cellular structure is prokaryotic and it is characterized by not having a nucleus.
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You reach out and touch a piece of cloth, feeling its texture. the cells that gather this sensory information are part of the __________ nervous system.
Answer:
the answer is
Explanation:
the cells that gather this sensory information are part of the "peripheral" nervous system
Click and drag each label to the appropriate category regarding the cells of connective tissue.
The cells and connective tissues are arranged as follows;
Fibroblast-
1). Produces the ground substance of areolar connective tissue
2). Found in dense regular connective tissue
Osteoblast
1). Found in femur
2). Secretes hydroxyapatite
Leukocyte (WBC)
1). Reacts to bacteria.
2). Component of fluid connective tissue (i.e. blood)
Chondroblast
1). Secretes the matrix of hyaline cartilage
2). Associated with the tissue that lines movable joints.
What is Fibroblast?Fibroblasts are non-terminally differentiated mesenchymal cells produced from embryonic mesoderm tissue.
They can be activated by a number of chemical cues that enhance proliferation and cellular differentiation, resulting in the formation of myofibroblasts with an increased rate of matrix creation.
What is Chondroblast?Chondroblasts (also known as perichondria cells) are cells that play a crucial part in cartilage production (AKA chondrogenesis).
They are found in the perichondrium, a connective tissue layer that surrounds growing bone and protects cartilage.
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Evolutionary evidence suggests fungi evolved from ________ that also gave rise to the fourth and most diverse group of eukaryotes: the animals.
Answer:
Evolutionary evidence suggests fungi evolved from protists that also gave rise to the fourth and most diverse group of eukaryotes: the animals.
Explanation:
The other three forms of eukaryotes, including fungi, descended from protists. The differences between these two groups of eukaryotes end there. As eukaryotic creatures, fungi are unable to produce their own nutrition and therefore do not "eat." Their nutrition must be absorbed, typically from decomposing organisms. Most plants and fungi are descended from aquatic protists around 1.1 billion years or so ago. Many protists use gametes to reproduce sexually, whereas others use binary fission to reproduce asexually. Several protists are important parasites of other organisms, including animals, and plants, as well as other protists. For instance, an oomycete Phytophthora infestans produces late blight disease in potatoes, and numerous other varieties of such parasitic genus Plasmodium experience similar illness in other vertebrate species and humans.
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Compared to other pathogens, why do viruses have the highest relative risk to humans?
Compared to other pathogens, viruses have the highest relative risk to humans because the genetic material of viruses have high mutation rates.
Viruses are the exceptions to cell theory. These are the pathogens that remain dormant when present outside in the environment but they become active and infectious once inside any living entity. The infectious phase of virus is known as virion.
Mutations are the changes in genetic sequence. These changes can be due to environmental factors or due to some fault in the genetic machinery of the body. Mutations are of several types like: addition, deletion, inversion, substitution, etc.
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Glomerular filtration is driven by:___.
a. bulk flow due to capillary hydrostatic pressure
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. cotransport
Answer:
Glomerular filtration is driven by bulk flow due to capillary hydrostatic pressure
Explanation:
Production of urine starts with glomerular filtration. It refers to the procedure that kidneys utilize to filter extra fluid and trash from the blood further into collecting tubules, allowing the body to remove them. Blood enters the glomerulus, a collection of small blood veins, as it reaches each nephron. Atoms and smaller molecules, debris, and excess fluid water—can pass through the glomerulus' sidewalls and enter the tubule. Protein as well as blood cells, which are bigger molecules, remain in the small blood vessels. While it may come as a surprise to everyone, it is totally common for the blood pressure to change during the course of the day; fortunately, this has no impact on the filtration rate of glomerular. This really is due to the fact that human body can precisely manage it all under normal conditions. So, the correct option is A.
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Experiments involving the cloning of toxin molecules with ld50 < 100 ng/kg fall under which category of experiments?
Experiments involving the cloning of toxin molecules with LD50 < 100 ng/kg fall under the category of experiments that require NIH OSP and IBC approval before initiation.
In LD50, the LD stands for Lethal Dose. It determines the amount of chemical/toxin required to kill the 50 % organisms of the total population. This is used to measure the acute toxicity of any material. The unit for measure of DD50 is milligrams of chemical per kilogram of body weight.
NIH is the National Institute of Health. It is inclined towards the research upon medical and behavioral aspects. The aim of conducting such researches is to reduce the diseases and increase wellness in the society.
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Which of the cells of the pancreas would secrete their product if the blood glucose level was rising, as during digestion of a meal?
The pancreas has a cell called Beta Cell, which is responsible for secreting all products if the blood glucose level is rising, as during the digestion of a meal.
Beta Cell constitutes about 75% of pancreas hormone cell, which help to maintain the insulin level in the blood because if a human takes a meal, during digestion, the blood glucose level rise, which can cause diabetes. To overcome this, beta cells release insulin in the blood, breaking down the sugar or glucose molecules and converting them into energy.
Therefore, Beta Cell is a cell that is responsible for all the secretion of pancreas products when the blood glucose level rises during the digestion of food in our body.
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Transcription occurs in/at the __________ and produces __________ from a(n) __________ template.
Transcription occur in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes and in nucleus of eukaryotes and produces Complementary strands from an template Strand.
What do you mean by Transcription?Transcription is the process of copying segment of DNA into RNA. The segment of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that can incode protein are said to produce messenger RNA. Other segment of DNA are copied into RNA molecules called non coding RNA 's .
Transcription takes place in nucleus of Eukaryotes,it uses DNA as a template makes an RNA molecules.
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A client consumed approximately 40 g of protein in the past 24 hours. his 24-hour urine collection indicated a urine urea nitrogen of 12 g. his nitrogen balance would be calculated as:_________
A client consumed approximately 40 g of protein in the past 24 hours. his 24-hour urine collection indicated a urine urea nitrogen of 12 g. his nitrogen balance would be calculated as option(e)i.e, -9.6 g.
A clear urine signal indicates adequate hydration and maybe overhydration. A healthy level of hydration is indicated by pale yellow urine. More fluids should be consumed if your urine is dark yellow. Urine with an amber hue may be a sign of dehydration. Orange urine is a common side effect of many meals and drugs as well as a potential indicator of liver issues.
It is possible to fertilize with urine. It serves as a territorial marking for some animals. In the past, aged or fermented urine (also known as lant) was used to make gunpowder, clean homes, tan leather, and color fabrics.
Equation: N2 balance = (dietary protein intake/6.25) - (urine urea nitrogen +4)
N2 balance = ( 40/ 6.25) - ( 12 + 4)
N2 balance = - 9.6g
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The complete question is:
A client consumed approximately 40 g of protein in the past 24 hours. His 24-hour urine collection indicated a urine urea nitrogen of 12 g. His nitrogen balance would be:
Equation: N2 balance = (dietary protein intake/6.25) - (urine urea nitrogen +4)
a.) -12.1 g
b.) -4.2 g
c.) 9.6 g
d.) 4.2 g
e.) -9.6 g
Translate the term rhinitis as literally as possible? nasal inflammation sinus inflammation nasal pain sinus swelling
nasal inflammation, rhinitis is defined as an inflammation of the nasal passages.
What causes inflammation in the nose?Inflammation of the nose caused by irritating particles is known as a nasal allergy (dust, pollen, and dander). Sneezing, itchy eyes and nose, congestion, runny nose, and post nasal drip are all signs of a nasal allergy (mucus in the throat). Common cold symptoms might coexist with sinusitis and allergy symptoms.Can you treat nasal inflammation?In summary, chronic sinusitis is treatable, although it probably necessitates some kind of continuous medical plan or therapy. A diagnostic evaluation must be completed before a doctor can determine whether a patient has chronic sinusitis.Decongestants. These medications assist in easing nasal congestion, nasal edoema, and sinus pressure.
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Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion?
a. golgi apparatus
b. lysosome
c. ribosome
d. chloroplast
e. plasmodesma
Answer: B. Lysosome
Organelles known as lysosomes are membrane-bounded compartments containing a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, which are the primary sites of intracellular digestion.
The organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion is lysosome. The correct option is b.
A Lysosome is a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and Lysosome is the membrane-bound cell organelle. Lysosomes are engaged in a variety of cellular functions. They degrade extraneous or worn-out cell components. They could be utilized to eliminate invading viruses and bacteria.
If a cell is injured beyond repair, lysosomes can assist it self-destruct in a process known as programmed cell death, or Apoptosis.
so, the correct option is b. lysosome.
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how do embryological study helps in the evolution
Answer:
Embryology is important to understanding a species' evolution, since some homologous structures can be seen only in embryo development
Ketone bodies are produced due to ________.
a. excessive fat breakdown
b. excessive protein breakdown
c. excessive carbohydrate breakdown
d. all of the choices are correct.
Ketone bodies are produced due to excessive fat breakdown.
The liver produces ketones, also known as ketones, as part of gluconeogenesis, a process that produces glucose during fasting and starvation. The liver creates three different ketone bodies. They are acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. When blood glucose levels are low, as they are when fasting, the liver cells' mitochondria, which are where ketone bodies are mostly formed, can start to synthesize ketone bodies. They are produced in the liver as a result of lipid metabolism.
When the body's needs for fuel are not met by the availability of sugar or glucose, ketones are produced. This happens while dieting or fasting and overnight. While glucagon and epinephrine levels are largely normal at these times, insulin levels are low.
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A living microbe with reduced virulence that is used for vaccination is considered _____.
A living microbe with reduced virulence that is used for vaccination is considered as attentuated vaccine.
Vaccination is the process of immunization in which the immune response is stimulated by introducing either the weakened microbe or a its part into our body.
A vaccine can be developed from the various methods. Firstly a weakened or inactivated bacteria is introduced into the body of the individual which generated the immune response but will not cause disease. It is also called attentuated vaccine.
Secondly a part of the microbe may be a protein or cell wall is introduced in the form of antigen to initiate immune response.
Thirdly the genetic material of the microbe including the DNA or RNA.
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What occurence results from obstruction within the ventricals of the brain or inadequate reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid?
Thinning and stretching of the cerebral mantle.
When developmental or acquired defects impede or destroy the CSF channels, CSF builds up under pressure within the ventricular system. The cerebral mantle thins and stretches as a result of the ventricles starting to enlarge. The name for this condition is hydrocephalus.What is hydrocephalus?A hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain's deep ventricles (cavities). The ventricles enlarge as a result of the extra fluid, placing pressure on the tissues of the brain. The fluid that covers and cushions the brain and spine is called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and it is transparent and colorless.To learn more about Hydrocephalus visit:
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ecology - day 2 aquatic systems
The correct answer is the ocean.
Processes must be in place to aid the environment in returning to its initial condition following a disturbance in order for it to be called stable. An ecosystem with a variety of food chains and biotic interactions is likely to exist in areas with a high level of biodiversity and genetic variation.
Mountains are formed and destroyed by a variety of manmade and natural factors.
Deserts may also be destroyed by natural disasters, hence they are not regarded as stable ecosystems.
Forests cannot be considered to have a stable environment since they may be destroyed by fire or the process of deforestation.
Since it doesn't change throughout time, the ocean is a stable environment. Oceans have not changed over the course of the planet's vast existence. Small changes in the oceans are difficult to observe because of their enormous magnitude.
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The atomic mass of fluorine is 18.998 which we will round to 19. The atomic number of fluorine is 9. How many neutrons does fluorine have?
Nondisjunction of the ______ chromosome during meiosis can produce offspring that are xxx or xxy.
Nondisjunction of the X chromosome during meiosis can create offspring that are XXX or XXY.
Nondisjunction is an abnormal condition which is characterized by the inability of pair of homologous chromosomes or the sister chromatids to segregate during the process of meiosis. It results in the formation of gametes with an abnormal chromosome number.
Offspring with the karyotype of XXX exhibit an uncommon condition which is observed in females. However, the offspring having the karyotype XXY is rarely observed in males and is associated with the Klinefelter syndrome.
The XXX type offspring are normally healthy but somewhat taller than the average females. The XXY type offspring possess poorly developed male sex organs and also exhibit features such as tall height, enlarged breast tissue, etc.
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When the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the first organ to respond is the?
When the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the first organ to respond is the pancreas.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the body to regulate blood sugar levels. When the glucose level rises in the blood, the insulin secreted causes glucose to be transported to the cells from the blood. In the cells, the extra glucose is used accordingly and the cells of the liver and muscles can store it as glucagon.
Hence, when the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the pancreas makes insulin to balance the blood sugar levels.
Other options, such as the stomach, is not correct as the stomach is involved in the digestion of food and does not lower blood sugar levels.
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A ______ color scheme consists of shades, tints, or tones of the same color. group of answer choices analogous complementary triadic monochromatic
The hues, tints, or tones that make up a monochromatic colour scheme are all variations of the same hue.
A monochromatic colour scheme is what?Colors that are monochromatic are all variations of a single hue, including tints, hues, and tones. Lighter and darker shades of the primary colour or hue will make up a monochromatic colour scheme.What hues fall within the monochromatic category?Films shot in black and white are all considered monochromatic. Since black and white can be found at both ends of every colour, they can be used in a monochromatic design that is based on any colour.Why do people use a monochromatic colour scheme?Because they permit a wider range of contrasting tones that can be used to draw attention, establish focus, and assist readability, monochromatic colour schemes present potential in art and visual communications design.
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What happens if an enzyme is not functioning in a chemical reaction within a living organism that needs it?
If an enzyme is not functioning in a chemical reaction within a living organism that needs it the response continues, but very slowly.
Enzyme- Proteins called enzymes aid in accelerating our bodies' chemical processes, or metabolism. Some compounds are created, while others are broken down. Enzymes are a part of all living things.
Chemical Reaction- when two or more compounds mix to create a new substance, a chemical change takes place.
Metabolism- The chemical processes by which food is converted to energy in the body's cells are known as metabolism. In order for our bodies to move, think, and grow, they require this energy. The body's specific proteins regulate the chemical processes involved in metabolism.
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Which part of your brain is essential for receiving information that you are moving your legs?
Motor coretex is essential for receiving information that you are moving your legs.
What is motor cortex?The motor cortex's main job is to provide signals that control how the body moves. It is anterior to the central sulcus and a portion of the frontal lobe. The primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area make up this region. The motor cortex generates signals that are particular to movements and sends them to the muscles via spinal cord circuits and motoneurons to regulate motor behavior. For the execution of movements to be precise, coordinated muscle activation patterns are required.Learn more about the structure of brain with the help of the given link:
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Can you identify the molecules and processes involved in the flow of genetic information through a cell?
The molecules and processes involved in the flow of genetic information through a cell are From left to right: DNA, Transcription, RNA, Translation, and Protein.
A person's genetic information may include details about their own genetic testing, the genetic testing of their family members, and details regarding the manifestation of a disease or problem in their kin (i.e. family medical history).
Genetic information or the findings of genetic tests can be used to make reproductive decisions, ensure early detection and treatment of diseases, or prevent the start of certain disorders. In addition to non-medical uses like insurance and employment, this information is also useful.
Genetic information is crucial that the knowledge required for survival is passed down through the generations of organisms to survive. A population is more likely to adapt successfully to environmental changes if there is enough genetic variation within it.
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The production of heat shock proteins within a trained skeletal muscle increases as a result of _____.
The production of heat shock proteins within a trained skeletal muscle increases as a result of exercise training.
What are heat shock proteins?Heat shock proteins such as chaperones are specific protein observed in excessive temperature condition which functions to fold proteins after the process of denaturation.
In conclusion, the production of heat shock proteins within a trained skeletal muscle increases as a result of exercise training.
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Choose the type of relationship that best defines the scenarios below.
Red-tailed hawks and black racer snakes prey
on the same species of rodents in the same
habitat.
One organism benefits, while another is
unharmed
during a long-term relationship between the
two.
A tick becomes lodged on the skin of a hiker.
Coyotes eat mice and rabbits.
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Given that both species consume the same resources, the relationship between red-tailed hawks and black racer snakes is one of competition (rodents).
What is the ecological relationship between predator and prey?Predator-prey relationships are interactions between two species in which one species serves as the other's prey. The term "predator" refers to an organism that feeds, and the term "prey" refers to an organism that is fed upon. There are countless instances of predator-prey relationships.
What does Lotka-Volterra model explained?The Lotka-Volterra model makes the assumption that a predator's rate of prey consumption is inversely related to its abundance. As a result, the only factor affecting predators' ability to feed is the availability of prey.
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If+the+nucleotide+variability+of+a+locus+equals+0%,+what+is+the+gene+variability+and+number+of+alleles+at+that+locus?
The nucleotide variation is obtained by comparing nucleotide sequence between individuals between individuals of a particular population. If genetic variability is 0 % then the number of alleles would be 1.
What is genetic variability?Genetic variability is the evolutionary process and development of new species. Genetic variability describes the dissimilarities such as brown eyes, blue eyes that happen naturally when DNA is altered.
Genetic variability varies in population. Genetic variability describes the tendency at which traits in a population may vary.
Gene variation refers to a differences in the genetic makeup of the individual. Genetic variation is a important process of natural selection and biological evolution.
Therefore, The nucleotide variation is obtained by comparing nucleotide sequence between individuals between individuals of a particular population. If genetic variability is 0 % then the number of alleles would be 1.
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Symmetry is ____structural support is______ energy acquisition is _____ phyla is:____
Symmetry is bilateral. structural support is endoskeleton. energy acquisition is heterotrophic. phyla is mollusca.
What type of symmetry is bilateral?The sagittal plane, which divides an organism into two roughly mirror-image left and right halves - approximate reflectional symmetry - is present in all bilaterally symmetric organisms.
What is the structure of endoskeleton?Essentially, there are two types of tissues that make up the vertebrate endoskeleton (bone and cartilage). The notochord and cartilage make up the endoskeleton during the early stages of embryonic development. In most vertebrates, the vertebral column replaces the notochord, and bone typically takes the place of cartilage in adulthood.
What type of phylum is Mollusca?With more than 100,000 species, the phylum Mollusca is the second biggest in the animal kingdom. The mollusca contain numerous well-known creatures, such as clams, snails, slugs, and squid, as well as some uncommon creatures, such as tusk shells and chitons.
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