The three statements about a model of the particles in the ice:
They vibrate in place.
They are packed very closely together.
They cause the solid to have definite volume and definite shape.
For example, chemical compound water (H₂O) is liquid. Molecules of water are not rigid as in solid state (ice) and can move. In solid state (in this example ice) movement of molecules is more slow than movement of molecules in liquids (for example water).
Solids have fixed shapes and volumes because particles occupy a fixed position in the crystal lattice.
Strong cohesive forces keep particles (molecules, atoms, or ions) in place, with little void spaces, resulting in very low compressibility and thermal expansion.
Solids have high density that varies very little with temperature.
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The specific heat capacity of an object depends only on the substance from which the object is made. true false
True, the specific heat capacity of an object depends only on the substance from which the object is made.
Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
The SI unit of specific heat capacity is joule per kelvin per kilogram.
The specific heat capacity at constant volume is written as,
[tex]C_{V} = (du/dt)_{V}[/tex]
The specific heat capacity at constant pressure is written as,
[tex]C_{P} = (dh/dT)_{P}[/tex]
here, u is the internal energy of system in kJ/kmol and h is the enthalpy of system in kJ/kmol.
For an Ideal gas the relation between heat capacity at constant volume and at constant pressure can be written as ,
[tex]C_{P} - C_{V} = R[/tex]
Specific heat capacity is an intensive property i.e., independent of quantity. No matter how much substance we have, its ability to absorb heat energy at a particular temperature is the same.
So, we can say that the specific heat capacity of an object depends only on the substance from which the object is made and not on its quantity.
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In chemical communication between cells, a ________ cell secretes a chemical messenger that binds to ________ on the ________ cell.
In chemical communication between cells, a secretory cell secretes a chemical messenger that binds to receptors on the target cell.
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is made up of trillions of cells. They give structure to the body, absorb nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and perform specific functions. In multicellular organisms, such as higher plants and animals, specialized cell groups are organized into tissues and organs.
Cells can be used as the basis for describing organisms as unicellular or multicellular. Unicellular organisms are organisms that have only one cell, i.e. single-celled organisms. Prokaryotes and protists are examples. Multicellular organisms are organisms with more than one cell. Examples are plants and animals.
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Which of the following correctly describes an oxidation-reduction reaction?
A.The element that is oxidized increases in electronegativity, and the element that is reduced decreases in electronegativity.
B.The element that is oxidized decreases in electronegativity, and the element that is reduced increases in electronegativity.
C.The element that is oxidized loses electrons, and the element that is reduced gains electrons.
D.The element that is oxidized gains electrons, and the element that is reduced loses electrons.
Answer:
C. The element that is oxidized loses electrons, and the element that is reduced gains electrons.
Explanation:
When an element is oxidized, it loses electrons. But when an element is reduced, it gains electrons. However, an oxidizing agent oxidizes something else, and gets reduced, therefore gaining electrons
check the box next to each image that represents a substance that is a mixture
The is the si unit that expresses the amount of substance. Specifically, it is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of entities as the number of in exactly 12 g of carbon-12.
The mole is the si unit that expresses the amount of substance
It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter. A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of discrete entities (atoms, molecules, ions) as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g
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Please help and make it a good answer!
Control Experiment: Those experiment where a control is taken as a reference to notice the changes in same reaction in the presence of external stress.
Need for a control in a experiment: The control is required to analyse the effect of stress applied to reaction. For e.g. If there are two compounds AB and XY & they are undergoing displacement reaction to form AX & BY, But all sudden another salt let MN is added into the reaction then there are possibilities of formation of different products depending upon the reactivity of initial reactants and external compound. The product can be same as our Control i.e. AB & XY if MN remains inert in the reaction. That's why control is important to compare the results.
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You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 ml liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/ml, but you have forgotten the formula. which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?
It is given that volume & density of liquid = 30.0ml = 1.52 g/ml
is read Density is as 1.529 g/ml
mass of Ime of liquid is 1.529.
option A is correct.
So, the mass of 30 ml liquid. = (1.52 x 30 g/ml ml =
1.529 X 30 g
45.69 g
the question is incomplete
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but maintains (nearly) constant volume regardless of pressure. As such, it is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solids, gases, and plasmas) and is the only state with a definite volume, but no fixed shape. Liquids are made up of tiny vibrating particles of atom-like matter held together by intermolecular bonds. Like gases, liquids can flow and take the form of containers.
The volume of a liquid is fixed, but the shape is not. Examples of liquids are water, oil, and blood. A liquid is a state of matter that has a fixed volume but no fixed shape. That is, the liquid takes the shape of its container. The matter is something that takes up space and has weight. Solids keep their shape, liquids take the shape of their containers, and gases fill their containers.
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You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 mL liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/mL, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?
Select one:
a. If 1 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1.52 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of _____ g.
b. If 1.52 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of _____ g.
Write the symbol for every chemical element that has atomic number greater than 70 and atomic mass less than 181.2 u.
Answer:
Lu
Hf
Ta
Explanation:
Lu- Lutecium
Atomic Number- 71
Atomic Mass-174.967
Hf- Hafnium
Atomic Number-72
Atomic Mass178.492
Ta- Tantalum
Atomic Number-73
Atomic Mass-180.948
The chemical elements that meet the criteria are Hafnium (Hf) and Tantalum (Ta).
The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, while the atomic mass represents the total mass of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Elements with atomic numbers greater than 70 are located in the bottom rows of the periodic table, known as the "lanthanides" and "actinides."
So, Atomic Number > 70 and Atomic Mass < 181.2 u
1. Hafnium (Hf) - Atomic Number: 72, Atomic Mass: 178.49 u
2. Tantalum (Ta) - Atomic Number: 73, Atomic Mass: 180.95 u
3. Tungsten (W) - Atomic Number: 74, Atomic Mass: 183.84 u
4. Rhenium (Re) - Atomic Number: 75, Atomic Mass: 186.21 u
Therefore, the chemical elements are Hafnium (Hf) and Tantalum (Ta).
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Does average mass depend on the number of particles in the sample? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the “average-of-averages” mass to calculate the expected mass of 100 particles?
(A lab on small scale matter and mole)
As long as the sample has the same number of atoms for both elements, the mass ratio is independent of the sample size.
The arithmetic mean is calculated by adding a set of numbers, dividing by their count, and then taking the result. The molecular masses of different substances vary. Therefore, variable numbers of atoms, molecules, or moles exist in masses of equal mass. On the other hand, equal quantities of moles of different substances have different masses. The result will be disproportionately impacted by the one data point if you attempt to calculate an "average of averages". In essence, the value of the average of 10,000 data points is the same as that of the average of a single data point.
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Which of the amino acids could form a hydrogen bond with another amino acid in the chain to stablaize the secondary structure of a b-pleated sheet?
All of the amino acids could form a hydrogen bond with another amino acid in the chain to stabilize the secondary structure of a b-pleated sheet.
Protein is composed of amino acid linked with peptide bond.
Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (H), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (F), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) atoms.
In a beta-pleated sheet, hydrogen bonds are formed between carbonyl and amino groups of backbone (see the picture below).
Usually, amino acid proline is found in the edge strands in beta-sheets. Beta-branched amino acids valine, threonine and isoleucine and aromatic amino acid residues tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine are found middle of beta-sheets.
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why are group O called inert gases
Answer:
They are called inert gases because they are stable and non-reactive. They have a full outer shell of valence electrons which gives them little tendency to participate in chemical reactions.
Explanation:
They are also know as the "noble" gases.
What is the function of mitochondria?
Answer:
It regulates metabolic activity of a cell
It promotes the growth of new cell and cell multiplication.
It produce energy
Answer:
As mitochondria is known as powerhouse of cell,its functions are:
It produces energy required for the cell.
It stores the energy.
It promotes cell growth and cell multiplication.
Given that water is the solvent for this type of experiment, what is the best site for tritium labeling?.
The best site for tritium labeling would not exchange the tritium ions for protons in water. All of the N−H sites (II−IV) would readily exchange tritium protons due to their lone pair-facilitating protonation and subsequent tritium exchange with water, but the C−H site (I), lacking a lone pair, would retain its tritium label.
Water is an inorganic, clear, tasteless, odorless, nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main component of the earth's hydrosphere and the fluid of all known living organisms. Although it provides no food, energy, or organic micronutrients, it is essential to all known forms of life.
There are three atoms in the water molecule. Two hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O). This is why water is sometimes called H2O. One drop of water contains billions of water molecules. Water is wet in the sense that it is a highly mobile liquid. This is because the molecules are fairly loosely bound and thus have low viscosity.
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Pepsin can begin the digestion of protein in the stomach after it is converted from pepsinogen by?
Pepsin can begin the digestion of protein in the stomach after it is converted from pepsinogen by Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) converts the pepsinogen to pepsin. It breaks down the proteins into the peptides.
Pepsinogen ------HCl-----> Pepsin
HCl maintains a pH of 2.0 in the stomach.
Pepsin is a digestive enzyme which breaks down the protein in the stomach.
When pepsinogen and hydrochloric acid are present in the gastric juice together, pepsin takes its active form, because HCl is a very strong acid. It denatures the protein. It degrades the extra polypeptide of pepsinogen. This extra polypeptide covers the active site.
Chief cells of gastric regions secretes the enzyme pepsin in an inactive form called pepsinogen. A low pH of 1.5 to 2 activates pepsin.
Pepsin has many uses as it is used in the treatment of indigestion and pancreatitis. It helps in the digestion of food.
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_______________ forces mediated by _________________ are disrupted when ice melts
Answer:
Explanation:
intermolecular forces mediated by hydrogen bonding are disrupted when ice melts.
What chemical bonds stabilize the different structures in primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures?.
Peptide bonds, hydrogen bonds, disulfide linkages, van der Waals, and electrostatic forces of attraction are the chemical bonds that stabilize the different structures in primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
The advanced structure of proteins gives rise to two kinds of major molecular shapes which are fibrous as well as globular structures. The main forces which are involved in stabilizing the secondary along with the tertiary structures of proteins include hydrogen bonds, disulfide type linkages, van der Waals attraction, and electrostatic forces of attraction.
The primary structure is generally determined by adjoining peptide bonds where the link is adjoining amino acids in sequential order. Tertiary structure is determined by the existence of disulfide bonds in between hydrophobic interactions as well as cysteine residues whereas the quaternary type structure is determined by multiple subunits of a protein that undergo various interactions.
Hydrogen bonds exist in a protein molecule as its large number can form between adjacent regions of the polypeptide chain in folded form and stabilize its three-dimensional kind of shape.
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The melting point and the normal boiling point of water can be used to
calibrate thermometers. what are these respective temperatures in
kelvins?
1.) 32 and 212
2.) 0 and 373
3.) 0 and 100
4.) 100 and 273
5.) 273 and 373
The melting point and the normal boiling point of water in respective temperatures in kelvins are 273 and 373. The correct option is 5.
What is the boiling point?The boiling point is the point of water when the water vapor of the water is equal to the water vapor of the atmosphere.
The melting point is the point when a solid-state converts into liquid, and changes its physical state.
In Celsius, the boiling point is 100⁰C
In Kelvin, 273 + 100 = 373 K
The melting point is ice is 0⁰C
273 + 0 = 273 K
Thus, the correct option is 5. 273 and 373.
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A 54-year-old client has a cholesterol level of 240 mg/dl (6.2064 mmol/l). what serum concentration of cholesterol would this client have?
A 54-year-old client has a cholesterol level of 240 mg/dl (6.2064 mmol/l). this client would have a high serum concentration of cholesterol.
Individuals or groups seeking professional advice or services, such as lawyers, accountants, advertising agencies, and architects. Those who receive benefits or services from social welfare corporations, government agencies, etc. Someone who is under the patronage of someone other than the customer.
An example client is a student teaching at a university writing center. A terminal or computer is connected to the server. A person receiving help or advice from a professional (lawyer, accountant, social worker, psychiatrist, etc.). A client, used in home and business networks, is any computer hardware or software device that requests access to services provided by a server. A client is usually considered a requesting program or user in a client/server architecture.
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How many vibrational degrees of freedom does a molecule of dichloromethane (ch2cl2) have?
6 vibrational degrees of freedom in dichloromethane (ch2cl2)
No of independent way in which a molecule or an atom can exhibit motion is called degree of freedom Here, dicloromethane is a non linear molecule that's why degree of freedom for non linear molecule is 3N-6. here N= no of atom involved in that molecule so in dicloromethane 3N-6=3×4-6=12-6=6
Therefore in dichloromethane 6 vibrational degree of freedom
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What is the composition, in atom percent, of an alloy that consists of 90.5 wt g and 9.5 wtu? the atomic weights for silver and copper are 107.87 and 63.55 g/mol, respectively.
The composition, in atom percent, of an alloy that consists 90.5 wt Ag and 9.5 wt Cu is 84.5% and 15.2%.
Here, the lever rule is used to determine the composition of co-existing phases which are, Ag and Cu, of an alloy.
The given data is :
Atomic weight of silver (Ag), M(Ag) = 107.87 g/molAtomic weight of copper (Cu), M(Cu) = 63.55 g/molWeight percent of silver (Ag), W(Ag) = 90.5 wtWeight percent of copper (Cu), W(Cu) =9.5 wtTo calculate composition of silver, expression used is,
C(Ag) = W(Ag) × M(Cu) x 100
( W(Ag) × M(Cu) + W(Cu) × M(Ag) )
Substituting the values in the above expression,
C(Ag) = ( 90.5 × 63.55 ) x 100
( 90.5 × 63.55 + 9.5 × 107.87 )
C(Ag) = 84.5%
To calculate composition of copper, expression used is,
C(Cu) = W(Cu) × M(Ag) x 100
( W(Ag) × M(Cu) + W(Cu) × M(Ag) )
Substituting the values in above expression,
C(Cu) = (9.5 × 107.87) x 100
( 90.5 × 63.55 + 9.5 × 107.87 )
C(Cu) = 15.2%
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which of these measurements has only nonsignificant zeros? group of answer choices 506 ml 400. ml 0.0037 ml 60.0 ml
The answer to this question is
0.0037 ml is the measurement which has only non-significant figures.
The basic rules of significant figures are:
Every non-zero digit is a significant figure. For example, 456 has three significant figures.The zeros that are in-between are also significant. For example 809 has three significant figures.If the zeros are on the right side of a decimal point, they are also significant. For example, 8.00 has three significant figures. The leading zeros are not significant. For example, 0.07 has only two significant figures.If you need to learn more about significant figures, click here
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how many significant figures of .00000281 mA
Answer:
3 Significant Figures.
Explanation:
The zeros to the left of non-zero numbers are Leading Zeros. These zeros are NOT significant. They serve as placeholders to locate the decimal point.
Answer:
3
Explanation:
To determine the number of significant figures in a number use the following 3 rules:
Non-zero digits are always significant
Any zeros between two significant digits are significant
A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant
Example: .500 or .632000 the zeros are significant
.006 or .000968 the zeros are NOT significant
an ion with one more proton and two more neutrons as an atom of Ne-20 but the same number of electrons?
The ion is sodium ion.
What is the ion?An ion is obtained by the removal of an electron from an atom. An ion could be positively charged or negatively charged. If the ion contains more electrons than protons then it is positively charged and vice versa.
An ion is positive when electrons are lost and the ion is negative when electrons are gained. In a negative charge, the electron cloud spreads out and the ion becomes larger. When we have a positive ion, the ion is smaller than the neutral atom.
Now, we can see that neon has an atomic number of 20 thus it has 10 electrons. If the ion contains one more proton then the atomic number of the element is 11. We are told that it contains two more neutrons hence the mass number is 22.
Given that the both species have the same number of electrons thus the ion must be sodium ion.
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Which model of the atom has electrons traveling in specific paths around the nucleus?
Answer:
Bohr's model of hydrogen is based on the nonclassical assumption that electrons travel in specific shells, or orbits, around the nucleus.
Explanation:
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Substance P is soluble in water but insoluble in propanone.
Substance Q is insoluble in water but soluble in propanone.
Substance R is insoluble in both water and propanone.
Describe how to obtain a pure dry sample of each of P, Q, and R from a mixture of P+Q+R.
What+is+the+molar+absorptivity+of+a+solute+that+absorbs+86%+of+a+certain+wavelength+of+light+when+the+beam+passes+through+a+1.0-cm+cell+containing+a+0.16+m+solution?
The molar absorptivity of the solute that absorbs 86% wavelength of light when the beam passes through a 1.0cm cell containing a 0.16M solution is 5.375 mol L⁻¹ cm⁻¹
According to Beer-Lambert law,
"The concentration of a solution may be determined by measuring its absorbance since there is a linear relationship between the concentration and the absorbance of the solution."
A = εbC ......(i)
Where A ⇒ Absorbance
ε ⇒ Molar absorptivity
b ⇒ Length of the light path
c ⇒ Concentration
Now, A = 86%
b = 1.0cm
C = 0.16M
From (i)
A = εbC
0.86 = ε × 1 × 0.16
0.86 = ε × 0.16
ε = [tex]\frac{0.86}{0.16}[/tex] mol L⁻¹ cm⁻¹
ε = 5.375 mol L⁻¹ cm⁻¹
Therefore, the molar absorptivity of the solute is 5.375 mol L⁻¹ cm⁻¹
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How many residues separate amino acids that are stabilized by hydrogen bonds in α helices?.
The number of residues separated amino acids that are stabilized by hydrogen bond in α helices is 3.6 amino acids residue.
When the two or more amino acid combine to form a peptide and the water is removed then the remain of each amino acid is called amino - acids residue.
The amino group of one amino acid interacts with carboxyl group of other amino acid to form peptide bond.
The α helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen and amino group of every third residue in the helical turn and with each helical turn consists 3.6 amino group.
Thus, alpha - helices have 3.6 amino acids residue per turn. This means that helix 36 amino acids long form 10 turns.
Therefore, number of residues separated amino acids that are stabilized by hydrogen bond in α helices is 3.6 amino acids residue.
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A teacher carried out a class demonstration on
diffusion similar to that using ammonia (M = 17)
and hydrochloric acid (M = 36.5) (Figure 1.21).
However, they replaced the ammonia with
methylamine (M, = 31), which reacts in a similar
way to ammonia (note that M, is the relative
molecular mass of the substance).
g water
a
Where would you predict the position of the
smoke ring to be in this experiment? Explain
your answer
One of the hydrogens in the NH3 is replaced in the first reaction by the methyl group, or -CH3. The NH3 can have more than one H substituted for it, therefore the final product frequently comprises a blend of methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine.
A halogenoalkane and ethanolic ammonia can be used in a nucleophilic substitution process to produce primary aliphatic amines like methylamine (CH3NH2).
NH3 + CH3Cl = HCl + CH3NH2
The process is challenging because any unreacted ammonia can react with the generated HCl:
NH3+HCl yields NH4Cl.
Since the N in CH3NH2 still has a single pair of electrons, it can act as a base and interact with the HCl that is created in one of the following ways:
CH3NH2+HCl becomes CH3NH3+Cl.
or as a nucleophile and react with any chloromethane that hasn't been reacted:
(CH3)2NH + HCl = CH3NH2 + CH3Cl
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Which hypothesis of Thomson's atomic model was later found to be not true by Niels Bohr and why?
In 1904, J.J. Thomson published the Thomson model of the atom. The plum pudding model is often referred to as Thomson's model.
In 1897, he also made the electron discovery. Scientists Rutherford and Bohr subsequently refuted this theory. According to J.J. Thomson, an atom is a positively charged sphere with embedded negatively charged electrons.
Neils Bohr disproved it by demonstrating that any atom's mass is centred in its positively charged centre, while negatively charged electrons orbit the positive centre. In highly quantized energy levels, according to Bohr's theory, electrons orbit an atom's nucleus rather than being incorporated into it.
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Suppose that you are conducting a field experiment with plants. You are testing the hypothesis that plants grow faster when mulch covers the soil. Plan how you would conduct the experiment. Include the types of evidence you would gather. Then plan how you would repeat it.
Start by setting up your materials you would put one plant in mulch and one without. After 2-3 weeks of proper care of the plants you record your findings, did the plant grow more without without the mulch?
