Biologists suspect that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondria before chloroplasts because several eukaryotes lack plastids, but all eukaryotes contain mitochondria.
Endosymbiosis- Endosymbiosis is a symbiotic connection in which one organism lives inside the other. The term "primary endosymbiosis" describes the first time an ancient eukaryotic cell internalized prokaryotes, giving rise to the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Eukaryotes- Every creature or cell with an identifiable nucleus. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, which houses the well-defined chromosomes (bodies holding the genetic material), is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Prokaryotes- Prokaryotes are creatures without a nucleus or other organelles in their cells. Bacteria and archaea, two separate groupings of prokaryotes with allegedly independent evolutionary histories, are separated into.
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Which dna genome, upon entry to the cell, can be immediately copied into mrna? linear ssdna
dsDNA, upon entry to the cell, can be immediately copied into mRNA.
dsDNA- Two polynucleotide chains with nitrogenous bases joined by hydrogen bonds make up double-stranded DNA. Due to the anti orientation of the sugar-phosphate backbones and the complimentary nature of the A-T and C-G base pairing, one strand in this arrangement mimics the other.
Cell- The science of structure and function of cells is known as cell biology, and it is based on the idea that a cell is the basic building block of all life. A thorough understanding of the organisms and tissues that cells make up is made possible by concentrating on the cell.
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What events that occur in meiosis increase genetic diversity in sex cells? horizontal gene transfer somatic mutation independent assortment alternative splicing genetic recombination
Genetic recombination occur in meiosis increase genetic diversity in sex cells.
What is meiosis?A cell division process known as meiosis produces four daughter cells with half as many chromosomes as the parent cell. A different name for it is reductional division. Because only through meiosis can germ cells develop into sperm or eggs, it is essential for reproduction.
The division of the nucleus into four nuclei, each containing half the chromosomes, results in the production of reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms (leading to gametes in animals and spores in plants)
When a cell divides into two identical daughter cells, the process is known as mitosis (cell division). A single cell undergoes two divisions during meiosis to produce four cells with half the original genetic material.
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You have isolated a microorganism from seawater that contains thylakoid membranes, gas vacuoles, and carboxysomes. it is most likely:_________
You have isolated a microorganism from seawater that contains thylakoid membranes, gas vacuoles, and carboxysomes. it is most likely Cyanobacterium.
What is Cyanobacterium?A phylum of Gram-negative bacteria called Cyanobacteria, also referred to as Cyanophyta, produces energy through photosynthesis. Blue-green algae, which is also a common name for cyanobacteria, is derived from the name cyanobacteria, which refers to their color. They seem to have come from a watery or terrestrial setting. The photosynthetic pigments used by cyanobacteria to absorb light energy include carotenoids, phycobilins, and several types of chlorophyll. Cyanobacteria are heterotrophic prokaryotes without internal membranes. These are thylakoids, flattened sacs where photosynthesis takes place.Learn more about the cyanobacteria with the help of the given link:
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What brain structure enables this water polo player to coordinate his swimming and throwing motions?
Cerebellum brain structure enables this water polo player to coordinate his swimming and throwing motion.
Cerebellum - A large number of processes and functions in both our brain and body are coordinated and regulated by the cerebellum, which is a component of the brain. Even though it's quite little compared to our entire brain, it contains more than half of the body's neurons. Neurons are the cells that make up your nervous system.
Neurons- The basic building blocks of the brain and nervous system are neurons (neurons or nerve cells). Neurons are the cells that receive sensory information from the outside world, give motor orders to our muscles, and convert and relay electrical impulses at each stage along the way.
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What structure appears to be underdeveloped or missing in the microtubules of the sperm flagellum affected by kartagener syndrome?
The Pairs of microtubules structure appears to be underdeveloped or missing in the microtubules of the sperm flagellum affected by kartagener syndrome.
Kartagener syndrome is a subset of PCD and consists of the triad of situs inversus, bronchiectasis, and chronic sinusitis.About 90% of the sperm's length is made up of the flagellum, which also comprises axoneme and peri-axoneme structures including the fibrous sheath, outer dense fibres, and the mitochondrial sheath. The flagellum is also where the sperm's ability to move is controlled.Microtubules determine the functional capacity of sperm since they are essential for organelle transport and cellular divisions during spermatogenesis and the sperm motility process. Axoneme and manchette, which are microtubule-based structures, are also essential for the development of the sperm head and tail.To learn more about sperm.
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If two plants that are both carriers for albinism breed, what is the expected proportion of albino seedlings?
The expected proportion of albino seedlings is 1/4.
Carrier- A carrier is a person who has the illness but shows no symptoms; they are able to spread the illness to another person. A vector is a creature that may spread illness from an affected person to a healthy person who is not already afflicted.
For Example, One of the most prevalent hereditary diseases in Caucasians is cystic fibrosis (CF).
Recessive Allele- A recessive allele is a form of genetic coding that, in the absence of a dominant allele, has no effect on phenotype. The more pronounced effects of the dominant allele in a dominant/recessive relationship between two alleles obscure the effects of the recessive allele.
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The use of mri brain scans has revealed _____ in those who suffer from schizophrenia.
The use of MRI brain scans has revealed enlarged ventricles in those who suffer from schizophrenia.
What is schizophrenia?Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by recurrent or ongoing psychotic episodes. Hallucinations (often voice hearing), delusions, and jumbled thinking are among the main symptoms. Other signs include indifference, a reduction in emotional expression, and social disengagement. Young adulthood is the normal time for the onset of symptoms, which frequently never go away. Observed behavior, a history that includes the person's reported experiences, and the accounts of those who are familiar with the person are used to make the diagnosis because there is no objective diagnostic test. If symptoms and functional impairment are present for six months (DSM-5) or one month, schizophrenia can be diagnosed.
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What is the difference between a cell in g1 phase and a cell in g2 phase of the cell cycle?
The difference between a cell in g1 phase and a cell in g2 phase of the cell cycle is:
The first phase of the cell cycle's interphase, known as the G1 phase, is when cells begin to expand by synthesizing proteins and other substances. The G2 phase is the third interphase of the cell cycle, during which the cell makes the required proteins and other components to prepare for nuclear division.What does G1 do for cells?Between the conclusion of cell division during mitosis and the start of DNA replication during S phase, there is an intermediary phase called G1. The cell develops during this period to prepare for DNA replication, and some internal elements, such the centrosomes, go through replication.What is the G2 phase of a cell?The cell grows more, produces proteins and organelles, and starts to remodel its internal structure in preparation for mitosis during the second gap phase, also known as the end subscript phase.To learn more about cell phases visit:
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If you wanted to see a section through both lungs at the same time, you could make a cut in the __________ or the __________ plane.
Transverse, horizontal
If you wanted to see a section through both lungs at the same time, you could make a cut in the Transverse or the horizontal plane.
Which four anatomical planes are there?Four fictitious flat surfaces or planes called anatomical planes cut across the body at four anatomical points. They are the horizontal (transverse) plane, the median plane, the sagittal planes, and the coronal (frontal) planes. On these planes, anatomical descriptions are also built.Definition of the transverse sectionA transverse section is a cross-sectional portion that is created by physically or artificially slicing the body or any part of the body structure in a horizontal plane. That plane forms a 90-degree angle with the longitudinal axis.What do a longitudinal and transverse section mean?A longitudinal section is one that is cut parallel to the object's longest dimension. Any cut between the longitudinal and transverse planes is referred to as an oblique section. A cut made perpendicular to the main plane of the organ or specimen is referred to as a cross section or transverse section.To learn more about transverse section visit:
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With respect to ph, in order for cells to continue to effectively do their jobs, it is important that the cells are able to?
With respect to ph, in order for cells to continue to effectively do their jobs, it is important that the cell is able to maintain a neutral pH, around 7.
What is pH?A scale called pH is used in chemistry to describe how basic or acidic an aqueous solution is.Lower pH values are recorded for acidic solutions (solutions with greater H+ ion concentrations) than for basic or alkaline solutions.The collection of standard solutions whose pH has been defined by international agreement can be used to trace the pH scale.Using a concentration cell with transference, the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode, such as the silver chloride electrode, is measured to get the primary pH standard values.With the use of a glass electrode, a pH metre, or a color-changing indicator, the pH of aqueous solutions may be determined.In chemistry, agronomy, medicine, water treatment, and many other fields, pH measurements are crucial.To learn more about ph, refer to the following link:
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Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the? a) brain b) kidneys c) liver d) pancreas
Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the (c) liver.
Intracranial bleeding is the bleeding that occurs inside the skull. This leads to accumulation of blood that exerts pressure on the brain, ultimately leading to brain damage. The causes for bleeding can be various like: trauma, rupture of blood vessel, high blood pressure, or tumors.
Hypoglycemia is the condition of low levels of sugar in the blood. The most common reason for this condition is the medications taken to control diabetes. However, it can also happen due to other reasons. The general symptoms of the conditions are: palpitations, anxiety, confusion, etc.
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To examine by ______________ means to tap firmly on a specific body site to detect resonating vibrations.
Percussion means tapping firmly on a specific body site to detect resonating vibrations.
Leopold Auenbrugger von Auenbrugg, an Austrian physician, published the first account of the surgery in 1761. Although it was mostly disregarded by his contemporaries, it is now often used. Percussion is the act of tapping various body parts with the fingers, hands, or small instruments as part of a physical examination. To ascertain The shape, texture, and boundaries of body organs. fluid levels inside or outside of body parts. Along with inspection, palpation, auscultation, and inquiry, it is one of the four techniques used during a clinical examination. Similar to how simply tapping on a container with your hands causes different noises, lightly tapping on the chest wall causes different sounds depending on how much air is present in the lungs. To ascertain:
The shape, texture, and boundaries of body organs. fluid levels inside or outside of body parts.
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A urinalysis is done on a client in her third trimester. which result would be considered abnormal?
A urinalysis is done on a client in her third trimester. Vaginal discharge would be considered abnormal.
A urinalysis involves examining the colour, consistency, and composition of urine. Results of a urinalysis that are abnormal may indicate a disease or illness. For instance, an infection of the urinary tract might cause urine to appear hazy rather than clear. Urinary protein levels that are higher than normal may indicate renal disease.
A urinalysis, commonly referred to as a urine test, analyses the physical, chemical, and microscopic components of your urine (pee). It may consist of a variety of tests that use a single urine sample to identify and quantify different substances that travel through your urine.
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Contrast how DNA is contained in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Answer:
Prokaryotic genomic DNA is attached to the plasma membrane in the form of a nucleoid, in contrast to eukaryotic DNA, which is located in a nucleus.
Explanation:
As you drive down the road, a car suddenly swerves into your lane. your heart starts to race, and you begin to perspire. this reaction is being caused by your ___________ nervous system.
This reaction is being caused by parasympathetic nervous system.
Parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is a network of nerves that relaxes the body after periods of stress or danger. It also helps run life-sustaining processes, like digestion, during times when it feel safe and relaxed.
Example, Saliva: The PSNS increases saliva production as part of its rest-and-digest function. Saliva includes enzymes that aid in the digestion of meals. Lacrimation: The term "lacrimation" refers to the act of crying. The eyes' fragile tissues are preserved by the lubrication provided by tears.
Lubrication- By applying a thin coating of a solid, liquid, or gas to two moving solid surfaces, lubrication minimizes friction and wear without endangering the surfaces themselves.
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If a dna-binding protein "reads" a short stretch of dna and detects the following "second" genetic code provided by the functional groups located on each base as h-hd-ch3-ha-ha-ha-ha-hd, then what is the corresponding sequence of bases?.
If a DNA-binding protein "reads" a short stretch of DNA and detects the following "second" genetic code provided by the functional groups located on each base as H-HD-CH3-HA-HA-HA-HA-HD, then C-T-G-A is the corresponding sequence of bases.
Proteins that bind to DNA and RNA make up a sizeable portion of biological proteins and play crucial roles in cells. Controlling transcription and translation, DNA repair, splicing, apoptosis, and modulating stress responses are just a few of their duties.The functions of DNA are modulated by the hundreds of proteins that are present in our cells. Due to their ability to bind to DNA, these proteins are known as DNA-binding proteins. DNA-binding proteins perform a variety of tasks, including as regulating the synthesis of proteins, controlling cell growth and division, and storing DNA inside the nucleus.Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) are the four bases of DNA (T). These bases come in particular pairs (A with T, and G with C).To learn more about DNA-binding proteins.
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T7. the presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of what? a. bacteria be. eukaryotic cells c. all living organisms d. prokaryotic cells
The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of (b) eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells are the advanced cells that have fully developed true nucleus and all the cell organelles. The cell organelles are mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, etc. These cells have 80S ribosomes. The organisms that possess a eukaryotic cell are: protozoans, plants, fungi and animals.
Nucleus is the double membranous structure that stores the genetic material. The membrane of the nucleus has small pores that regulates the traffic of substances crossing the membrane. It also regulates all the activities of the cell. It is also called the central unit of the cell.
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The _______ nervous system conveys signals from the body's sensory receptors to the central nervous system and transmits messages back to the muscles and glands.
Answer:
the answer is
Explanation:
the -peripheral- nervous system
A process for determining whether data from genetic crosses are consistent with a specific pattern of inheritance is called?
Data from the genetic crosses are consistent with the specific pattern of the inheritance is called as Punnett square
The Punnett square is the table in which the all of the possible outcomes for the genetic cross between the two individuals with the known genotypes are given. In its the simplest form, the Punnett square was consists of the square divided into the four quadrants. A Punnett square was a chart that is allows you to easily determine the expected the percentage of the different genotypes in the offspring of two parents. An example of the Punnett square for the pea plants is shown as below. In this example, both the parents are heterozygous for the flower color (Pp).
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_____ dictate(s) the types and amounts of nutrients in food that will be transformed and reassembled into body structures and compounds.
Genes dictate the types and amounts of nutrients in food that will be transformed and reassembled into body structures and compounds.
Gene expression is induced by genes and thus alters the phenotype of an individual. In the converse single nucleotide polymorphisms taking place in a range of genes that are important in inflammation as well as the metabolism of lipids tend to alter the biological activity of important pathways of metabolism and mediators that influence nutrient ability to interact with them.
The genotype or allele set of genes is a unique combination of genes or genetic makeup of a particular individual. Thus genotype can be considered as a complete set of instructions that guides the body of a person to synthesize proteins which in turn pass information to make nutrients present in food to reassemble body structures. This is how a body is supposed to be built and to properly function.
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In the __________, the reproductive cycle entails alternation of generations; a spore-producing generation alternates with one that produces eggs and sperm.
Answer:
In the ferns, the reproductive cycle entails alternation of generations; a spore-producing generation alternates with one that produces eggs and sperm.
Explanation:
A fern is a specific type of vascular plant which reproduces through spores rather than seeds or flowers. Ferns are plants with roots, stalks, and leaves, much like blooming plants. Unlike blooming plants, unfortunately, ferns lack flowers and seeds and rather than reproduce sexually by secreting microscopic spores or occasionally by vegetative means, as is the case with the walking fern.
In previously, many vascular plants that yield spores were loosely classed with ferns and referred to as "fern allies." Surprises concerning the connections between ferns and their companions have been revealed by recent genomic investigations. First, ferns and horsetails seem to have a lot in common. Horsetails are really now included in the fern family. Second, the flora club moss as well as quillworts, which are sometimes referred to as "fern allies," are in no way related to ferns.
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Rather than attempting to classify humans into racial categories, biologists and anthropologists are:_________
Rather than attempting to classify humans into racial categories, biologists and anthropologists are: seeking to explain why specific biological variations occur
What are biological variations?
Biological variety is important to all our lives. Our world is home to a wide variety of life forms thanks to diversity. For each species to survive and find a niche in which to flourish, diversity is crucial. Without delving into the idea of evolution, diversity within our own species is evident in a number of observable traits, like height, and functional traits, such as the capacity for biotransformation. The pharmacogenomics discipline is emerging as a result of the latter source of variability. Unfortunately, biological diversity makes it difficult to examine the effects of treatments, even when the trial is planned and overseen beforehand. There is always a range of reactions shown in measurements conducted on study animals, regardless of how inbred they are.
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When the receptor cells have registered a _____, the energy is converted to an electrochemical impulse.
When the receptor cells have registered a Stimulus sensory organs the energy is converted to an electrochemical impulse.
What is meant by electrochemical impulse?They communicate among centers in the central nervous system and they command your muscles to move. Nerve impulse are electrochemical events. Observed as an electrical event , a nerve impulse is called action potential.
Without nerve conduction, the process by which nerve impulses travel along our neurons, none of our perceptions, thoughts, or memories would be possible. Nerve conduction is an electrochemical process, which means it involves the use of electricity generated by chemical molecules.
Stimulus sensory organs like ear, eyes, nose, skin and tongue are called sensory organs. Stimulus is visual, taste, touch, smell and hear.
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The emerging field of ______ biology focuses on studying living organisms as a whole as well as understanding the workings of the parts of an organ.
The emerging field of systems biology focuses on studying living organisms as a whole as well as understanding the workings of the parts of an organ.
What is Systems biology?This is defined as the study of the interactions and behavior of the components of biological entities such as atoms, cells etc using computational and mathematical analysis.
This is a newly developed branch of science and it helps scientists to understand the different ways in which organs and molecules work and their overall effect the body system.
This is therefore the reason why systems biology was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Which neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart?.
The neurotransmitter that functions to stimulate skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart is acetylcholine.
What is a neurotransmitter?A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that transmits information through nerve cells or neurons, and acetylcholine functions to contract smooth muscles.
In conclusion, the neurotransmitter that functions to stimulate skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart is acetylcholine.
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BRAINLYEST FOR CORRECT ANSWER
How do single-celled decomposers get energy?
They feed on living organisms.
They make their own food.
They break down dead organisms.
They use a process called budding.
Answer: They break down dead organisms
Explanation: Decomposers eat dead organisms for energy.
What is the purpose of a control group in a scientific experiment?
O to ensure that experimental results support the hypothesis
O to be a backup if something goes wrong with the experiment
O to serve as a basis of comparison with the experimental group
O to represent what happens when a variable is manipulated
Answer:
It is Between A & D. I think it's D.
The purpose of resin in pines is to ____. multiple choice question.
A. carry large volumes of water
B. withstand cold temperatures
C. protect against insects and fungi
D. provide rigid strength
The purpose of resin in pines is to protect against insects and fungi.
What is the purpose of resin in pines?Pine needle has resin that is responsible for the defense of plant body against insects and other animals. The resins may disrupt the feeding, digestion or metabolic function of the insects and animals that feed on it. Resin is a substance that can be used for a various purposes in our daily life. It is commonly used for making arts, crafts, flooring and countertops. Resin can also be used to make plastics and act as an excellent adhesive which is used to join materials to one another. Pines and many other plants that produce resin are used to protect the inner body of plant from causing disease.
So we can conclude that the purpose of resin in pines is to protect against insects and fungi.
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Biologists identify and characterize climate in an area primarily by analyzing __________.
The average annual temperature, precipitation, and yearly variation in temperature and precipitation are the primary metrics used by biologists to identify and characterize climate in a region.
What is the precipitation process?Only when these will merge into larger drops through turbulence, in which water droplets clash and produce even larger droplets, is precipitation feasible. The droplets eventually descend, agglomerate, and grow heavy from resistance, and they finally fall as rain.
What causes precipitation?When cloud droplets or ice particles in the clouds develop and merge, they can no longer be supported by the updrafts (such as upward moving air) in the clouds and fall to the ground, forming precipitation.
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The statement that, in garden peas, yellow seed is dominant to green seed means that:_______
The statement that, in garden peas, yellow seed is dominant to green seed means that when a true-breeding parent with yellow seeds is crossed with a true-breeding parent with green seeds, all offspring will have green seeds.
What are alleles ?At a specific genomic region, an allele is one of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of nucleotides). For each genomic region with such variation, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent. The person is homozygous for the allele if the two alleles are the same.
What are the three types of alleles?There are three different alleles: allele I allele b, and allele a. (IO or i). Protein A is created and is found on the membrane of an individual's red blood cells if the allele A on the chromosome is present.
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