Which of the following statements is correct?

Ribosomes are the largest organelles in a cell


Ribosomes are surrounded by a membrane


Ribosomes are the powerhouse of the cell


Ribosomes are found both in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

The corresponding sequence of the bases is C-T-G-A.

DNA binding proteins- Due to their ability to bind to DNA, these proteins are known as DNA-binding proteins. DNA-binding proteins perform a variety of tasks, including as regulating the synthesis of proteins, controlling cell growth and division, and storing DNA inside the nucleus.

Protein Synthesis- The method through which ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and different enzymes are used to organize amino acids into proteins in a linear fashion.

Amino acid- Proteins are made up of substances called amino acids.

C stands for Cytosine, T stands for Thymine, G stands for Guanine, A stands for Adenine.

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The oesophageal mucosa is different from that of the abdominal gi tract organs in that it is composed of thick Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

The stratified squamous epithelium is made up of several layers of cells, with squamous cells making up the apical layer and several layers below it, but cuboidal to columnar cells making up the deeper layers. . The cells in the superficial layers are driven towards the surface where they are shed due to the ongoing cell division in the lower (basal) layers.

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Cardiac cycle consists of alternate periods of emptying and filling also called systolic phase.

Systole typically refers to Ventricular systole, during which the ventricles are pumping blood out of the heart through the aorta and pulmonary veins.  The ventricles are filled with blood in two stages - diastole and atrial systole . In diastole ,  both the atria and the ventricles are relaxed.

Systolic phase describes the period that starts when the heart is maximum filled with blood and then ejected from the ventricle to the aorta .

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If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.

A functional manager is an individual who works to solve problems in a company by handling different groups of employees such as the human resources team.

In conclusion, If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.

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Na+; prevents the entrance of any more sperm

In the fast block to polyspermy, binding of sperm opens up Na+ channels, which depolarizes the egg membrane and prevents the entrance of any more sperm.

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No, it is not necessary that positive feedback would only for good thing and negative feedback would be only for bad things.

Feedback improves learner confidence, motivation to learn and ultimately, a learner's attainment. Feedback is about listening actively, taking the time to analyze and then thinking of  the best possible solution to perform better.

Positive feedback helps in motivation, increase confidence level and shows people you value them and from negative feedback you can improve your self ,it tells about where you have done mistake so you can improve yourself.

Constructive criticism at work is crucial because flourishing workplaces depend on efficient communication. Feedback not only boosts employee morale but also teaches us more about our personalities, our traits, our flaws, how we behave, and how others are affected by what we do.

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The pseudostratified columnar epithelium is the most likely to be found lining the respiratory passageway due to its ability to move mucus.

The web of tissues and organs that aids in respiration is termed as the respiratory system.

The majority of the respiratory system is lined with respiratory epithelium, a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium that is absent from the larynx and throat.

Thus, the pseudostratified columnar epithelium is the most likely to be found lining the respiratory passageway due to its ability to move mucus.

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Cell membranes can regulate the transport of materials into and out of the cell. thus, cell membranes are said to be selectively permeable.

A cell membrane, often referred to as a plasma membrane, is present in every cell and serves as a barrier between the interior of the cell and the outside world. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable. The cell membrane regulates the flow of substances into and out of the cell.

The transport of substances into and out of cells is regulated by the cell membrane, which is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules. The cell membrane's primary job is to shield the cell from its environment. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins incorporated into it.

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Progesterone. It is a steroid hormone in charge of sustaining and decidualizing the endometrium.

What is a corpus luteum?

An ovary's corpus luteum is a collection of cells. During the first trimester of pregnancy, it is in charge of producing the hormone progesterone. In females, the corpus luteum is essential for establishing and maintaining pregnancy.

It is a yellow, hormone-secreting body that develops in the ovary at the site of the sac that has discharged after the egg has reached maturity during the process of ovulation. It is located in the female reproductive system. The granulosa cells that border the follicle begin to accumulate lipids and yellow pigments right after ovulation, which causes the development of lutein cells, which make up the corpus luteum.

Progesterone and estrogen are secreted by the corpus luteum. In the event of fertilization, they are crucial in creating changes in the uterus that make it more favorable for embryo-implantation; otherwise, it becomes dormant after about 14 days, resulting in menstruation.

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Answer:

Explanation:

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An environmental agent such as a drug, chemical, virus, or other factor that produces a birth defect is called a Teratogen.

Teratogen- A teratogen is something that, when exposed to a growing embryo or fetus, can result in birth defects or other abnormalities. Teratogens include some pharmaceuticals, illicit substances, cigarettes, chemicals, alcohol, certain illnesses, recreational drugs, and in rare situations, medical conditions including uncontrolled diabetes in pregnant women.

Birth Defect- A birth defect is a physical, physiological, or chemical characteristic of your newborn baby's body that is not normal. The problem may be brought on by genetics, an illness, exposure to radiation or drugs, or it may not be known what caused it.

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Low-density lipoprotein is brought into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis is referred to as true statement.

This is also referred to as bad cholesterol because it transports cholesterol in the blood thereby leading to the clogging of the blood vessels and may cause different types of diseases such as high blood pressure etc.

This type of lipoprotein transports all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water and are brought into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis which imports the macromolecules from the extracellular fluid thereby making it the correct choice in this context.

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Stimulus outside normal limits triggers a response that opposes or negates the stimulus is called negative feedback

A negative feedback is the result or product of a reaction associated with a decrease in the reaction that caused it.

Some of the characteristics of negative feedback are the followings:

A few examples of negative feedback are:

A stimulus is something that triggers a reaction in the human being generating a positive or negative response, the stimulus can be internal or external.

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Answer:

Answer and Explanation: Merocrine secretion delivers the secretory products in membrane-bounded vesicles.

Explanation:

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6 sets of extraocular muscles and cranial nerves that innervate each one is:

Cranial nerve three; superior oblique, superior rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus,

Cranial nerves four; medial rectus,

Cranial nerve six; lateral rectus.

The seven extrinsic muscles of the human eye are known as the extraocular muscles (extrinsic ocular muscles). Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, the superior and inferior oblique muscles, and the levator palpebrae superioris, govern eye movement and eyelid raising, respectively. The six eye muscles' actions are influenced by the position of the eye at the moment of muscle contraction.

The four recti muscles are the four extraocular muscles that originate in the common tendinous ring, a fibrous ring in the back of the orbit. Because both muscles also pull slightly medially, the superior and inferior recti do not draw on the eye directly. The superior oblique muscle begins near the back of the orbit (a little closer to the medial rectus, though medial to it), becoming more rounded as it moves forward to a hard, cartilaginous pulley on the top, nasal bone called the trochlea.

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Degrees celsius does a 1.5-gram block of ice increase when 30.0 J of heat energy is added is 9.48 °C.

Heat may be described as strength in transit from a high-temperature object to a decreased-temperature object. An item no longer possesses warmness, the perfect term for the microscopic electricity in an object is internal energy.

Heat is the shape of energy. It comes from the movement of atoms and molecules, which can be the smallest particles that make up all matter. The quicker those debris circulate, the hotter they are. The temperature of an object tells us how speedy its atoms or molecules are transferring. Warm is a form of electricity that is transferred from a substance having a better temperature to a substance having a decreased temperature. The addition of warmth to a substance increases its internal temperature. warmness is described because of the net amount of thermal energy of a gadget.

The heat energy required = msΔt

                      30 J  = 1.5 gram 2.11 Δt

Δt = 30/(1.5×2.11)

     = 30/3.165

     = 9.48 °C

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6.4 X 10⁷ different proteins, each composed of 6 amino acids, can be constructed using the 20 different amino acids found in proteins.

The majority of amino acids are represented by more than one codon because there are only 20 distinct amino acids but 64 potential codons.

The 20 different amino acids can be put together in a wide variety of ways to create a wide range of proteins.

The formula determines the number of distinct proteins made up of n numbers of amino acids = 20ⁿ

total number of proteins = 20⁶ = 6.4 X 10⁷

Hence, total number of proteins is 6.4 X 10⁷

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The ways in which human activity is increasing the amount of atmospheric CO₂ is mass deforestation, burning of fuels, and excessive pollution.

Deforestation is the process of cutting down of trees. This has been one of the biggest cause on increase in CO₂ concentrations. The major reason for deforestation is demand for wood and the increased urbanization that demands land for farming, residence and industrialization.

Pollution is the presence of unwanted and harmful particles in the environment.  Pollution can be of air, water, or noise. The air pollution is the cause of increased CO₂. Burning of household fuel, fuel from the vehicles and harmful gases from the industries are the major contributors.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

The energy produced through fusion in the core moves outward, first in the form of electromagnetic radiation called photons in the so-called radiative zone. Next, energy moves upward in photon heated solar gas. This type of energy transport is convection. In other words, energy is radiated out from the core first, then carried to the outer layers by convection. Energy is carried out from the core by convection first, then radiated to the outer layers.

Answer:It formed the continents we live on – we can't live under water. When plates collide and subduct (where one plate goes under another), magma is generated, creating volcanoes. We think several repetitions of this process is what built the continents. The tectonic plates are part of the water cycle of the Earth.

Explanation:

Enzymes are originally produced outside of a cell, though they may catalyze inside the cell. Catabolism consists of energy-releasing decomposition reactions. Enzymes are proteins that aid in the speeding up of metabolism, or the chemical events that occur in our bodies. Some chemicals are created while others are destroyed. Enzymes are found in all living organisms.

Enzymes are naturally produced by our bodies. Amylase, maltase, lactase, lipase, sucrase, and proteases are among the digestive enzymes. Amylase: Amylase is a saliva enzyme that aids in the conversion of carbohydrates to sugars. metabolism: This enzyme is found in saliva and converts the sugar maltose to glucose.

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A mechanism for evolutionary change is explained by Charles Darwin.

Evolution- Any cumulative or net change in an organism's or population's features over a long period of time is considered evolution, or descent with modification. It specifically takes both the beginning and the spread of alleles, variations, trait values, or character states into account.

Alleles- The term "allele" is used to refer to a gene's alternate form or variants.

Variation- Any distinction between cells, individuals, or populations of any species that results from genetic variations (genotypic variation) or the influence of environmental conditions on the development of genetic potentials (phenotypic variation).

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Answer:

mRNA: UCU GUA GGU AAU UGG UGU CAC AUC

Amino Acid: Ser Val Gly Asn Trp Cys His Ile

Explanation:

For the mRNA it is the complemetary base pair (A and U) (G and C) remeber in RNA there is no T base pair so there is U intead

For the Amino acid the table above can be used (follow in order that the base triplet)

Experiments with transgenic animals .If the protocol does involve the use of recombinant or synthetic nucleic acid molecules then the research is covered under III-D-4-a.

Institutional Biosafety Committees (IBCs) have been mounted below the NIH Guidelines to offer neighborhood evaluation and oversight of almost all types of studies using recombinant or artificial nucleic acid molecules.

The NIH Director approves those experiments. These experiments won't continue except accepted through the NIH Director and the IBC. The RAC is presently administered and supported through OBA, positioned in the Office of the Director of NIH, as a part of OBA's obligation to supervise federally funded rDNA research.

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The blood staining techniques were utilised to identify different types of circulating WBCs. Romanowsky-Giemsa, Pappenheim hematoxylin-eosin, and eosin methylene blue were the four that produced the best results.

Hematologic stain known as Wright's stain makes it easier to distinguish between different blood cell types. Traditionally, eosin (red) and methylene blue dyes have been used to create it. It is generally used to stain bone marrow aspirates, urine samples, and peripheral blood smears for light-microscopy examination.

The Romanowsky stain was modified by James Homer Wright, who developed the stain in 1902 and gave it his name. The stain is extensively used to do differential WBC counts and examine the morphology because it easily differentiates between blood cells.

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The majority of plants' capacity to absorb water and nutrients from soil would be significantly diminished.

Fungicide- Pesticides known as fungicides work to eradicate or stop the development of fungus and their spores. They are effective against rusts, mildews, and other plant-damaging fungi. They could also be used elsewhere to manage mold and mildew.

Fungus- Eukaryotic creatures known as fungi include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms as well as other microbes. These creatures fall under the category of fungus. The creatures that make up the Kingdom Fungi are pervasive and have a cell wall. They fall under the category of heterotrophs among living things.

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The parasympathetic nervous system is to the sympathetic nervous system as opposite because parasympathetic nervous system balances the state whereas sympathetic system respond as fight.

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work opposite to each other. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for performing the functions to conserves the body's natural state and relaxes the individual once  the duration of emergency has passed. This system decreased the state of arousal while on the other hand, the sympathetic nervous system carries signals that make body systems alert and the parasympathetic carries signals that relaxes system in your body. These two systems work together in order to keep your body in balance state.

So we can conclude that the parasympathetic nervous system is to the sympathetic nervous system as opposite because parasympathetic nervous system balances the state whereas sympathetic system respond as fight.

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The enzyme phosphorylase catalyzes the conversion of glycogen into glucose-6-phosphate.

Glycogen is a carbohydrate storing the body of animals, including human beings. Glycogen is broken down into glucose by the enzyme phosphorylase to provide energy to the animals. The carbohydrates in the human body are stored in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscle cells of a human. It provides immediate energy while fasting by breaking down glycogen into glucose.

The breaking down of glycogen into glucose is called glycogenolysis. The hormones like glucagon and epinephrine (adrenalin) stimulate the breaking down of glycogen in the liver. Glucagon is secreted by the pancreas and epinephrine is secreted by the kidneys.

The breakdown of glycogen polymer in the liver is catalyzed by the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase to produce glucose-1-phosphate. Glucose-1-phosphate is converted into glucose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase in the liver, kidneys, and intestines. The cells of these organs secrete free glucose into the blood, thereby restoring glucose levels in the blood.

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The concentration of solutes in a cell affects the fluid volume and pressure within the cell. This is referred as tonicity.

Tonicity- The ability of an extracellular solution to induce water to osmotically enter or depart a cell is known as tonicity. By taking into account both the relative solute concentrations and the permeability of the cell membrane to those solutes, tonicity differs from osmolarity.

Osmolarity- Osmolarity may be defined as a method of determining the concentration of a solute. Its units are osmoles (Osm) per litre (L) of solution, sometimes written as osmol/L or Osm/L.

Solute Concentration- The quantity of solutes and particles dissolved in a solution is the definition of solute concentration. A solute's solubility refers to its capacity to dissolve in a solvent.

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