The standard of proof that is more than a gut feeling and legally permits a law enforcement officer to stop and frisk a suspect is "reasonable suspicion".
Reasonable suspicion is a legal requirement that authorises law enforcement authorities to detain and investigate a person for a short period of time if they have specific and articulable evidence that indicate the person may be involved in criminal conduct. A reasonable suspicion requirement is lower than probable cause, which is necessary for a full arrest or search. An officer must have more than a hunch or a subjective emotion to reach the bar of reasonable suspicion, but less than the degree of proof required for probable cause. The particular facts that give rise to reasonable suspicion can vary based on the circumstances of each individual case.
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an attorney making an opening statement might typically include___.
Typically, an opening statement by an attorney will include a concise summary of the relevant facts and supporting documentation.
A brief explanation of the relevant law and a request for a verdict is typically included in an opening statement. The lawyer describes the requested verdict in the motion for the verdict as well as the supporting evidence. An effective opening statement acts as the trial's route map.
Each side's attorneys are given the opportunity to introduce themselves and the other parties engaged in the case during opening comments. In order to help the jury comprehend the evidence that will be given during the trial, attorneys typically summarise the key details of the case during the opening statement.
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antitrust laws have been implemented by governments to promote
The implementation of the antitrust laws has been made by the government in order to lead a promotion of competition in the markets.
The antitrust laws are the laws that are brought into enforcement in order to bring regulations of competitiveness among the sellers in the market during a given particular period of time in an economy. In fact, the entire construction of these laws has been built around the regulations related to the market competition, and provides protection against unfair advantages to the sellers.
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Complete question
antitrust laws have been implemented by governments to promote ______
federal inmates are required to serve what percentage of their sentences
Federal inmates are required to serve a minimum of 85% of their sentences.
A federal prison refers to a prison which is operated under the jurisdiction of a federal government as opposed to a state or provincial body. Hence, federal inmates are the inmates incarcerated in a federal prison convicted for violating federal law and for inmates who are considered dangerous or sentenced to longer terms of imprisonment.
Federal inmates are required to serve a minimum of 85% of their sentences. This means that if an inmate is sentenced to 10 years in prison, they must serve at least 8.5 years before being eligible for release. This requirement is set by the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, which are designed to ensure that all federal inmates serve a consistent percentage of their sentences. The goal of this requirement is to promote fairness and consistency in the federal criminal justice system.
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the policy which sought to remove native americans from territories they had lived in for generations was known as
The Indian Removal Act was a strategy that aimed to drive aboriginal Americans off of the lands they had inhabited for many centuries.
On May 28, 1830, President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act into law, giving him the power to award territory west of the Mississippi River in return for Indian holdings that were already inside current state limits. A few tribes left peacefully, but the relocation policy was contested by the majority.
As the population of the United States increased, the federal government wanted to evict Native People to make room for the western expansion in this territories. The era's governmental objectives centered on evicting Native Americans from Indian Country and relocating them westward past the Mississippi River.
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Answer:
Indian Removal
Explanation:
I took the K12 quiz
the power of the national government to coin money is ________
The power of the national government to coin money is an expressed power. A national government is a political power that rules over a whole country.
What is a national government?
A national government must have a national army, sufficient control over its states or provinces to establish and uphold a foreign policy, and the capacity to levy taxes, at the very least. The Confederacy during the American Civil War was an example of a loose confederation of states, but a national government can also be anything else. Federal and unitary governments are the two major types of national governments.
States or provinces have little to no influence under a unitary administration, which is centralized.The responsibilities are switched in a federal government. The national government is merely given enough power to function, with the majority of power resting with the states.To learn more about national government visit;
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One way that the English Bill of Rights expanded on the Magna Carta was by stating that the monarch must have Parliament's consent to levy taxes. True/False?
The given statement "One way that the English Bill of Rights expanded on the Magna Carta was by stating that the monarch must have Parliament's consent to levy taxes." is True.
Because, it was added to limit the powers of the monarch in order to prevent the imposition of heavy and excessive taxes and fines by the monarch.
The concept of divine rights was challenged by magna carta because it gives rights to the common people which were solely held by the monarch. Later on, the concept of limiting the powers of the monarch was known as Constitutional monarchy.
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A mother bought reusable snack bags from a company. The company uses an antibacterial agent called triclosan in its snack bags to help prevent mold from growing in the reusable bags. Triclosan is a known toxin that may, if used in a sufficient amount, weaken the immune system, especially when used in a moist environment, such as with reusable snack bags containing fruit or other damp foods. The mother who purchased the snack bags sued the company in federal court because she believed that the toxins in the company's snack bags caused her son to contract an illness due to his weakened immune system. At a trial without a jury, the judge, despite finding that the amount of triclosan used by the company in its snack bags was sufficient to cause the weakening of a child's immune system, held for the company because the plaintiff failed to prove that the boy would not have suffered from this particular illness unless his immune system had been weakened. In an unrelated action also filed against the company in the same federal court, a father sought damages from the company on behalf of his daughter, who contracted an illness after using the company's snack bags. During the trial, the father moved, on the basis of collateral estoppel, to prevent the company from contending that the amount of triclosan it used in its snack bags was insufficient to cause the weakening of a child's immune system.
Can the court grant this motion?
A. Yes, because offensive use of collateral estoppel is permitted.
B. Yes, because the facts involved are related in time, space, origin, or motivation.
C. No, because a jury did not render a final judgment on the merits.
D. No, because the daughter was not a party in the prior case.
Out of the given choices of alternatives, it may be said that the court can grant motion in the situation given above, since the offensive usage of the collateral estoppel is permissible. Therefore, the option A holds true.
A court has the power to grant a motion in the case before an actual trial is being held in the court of law as per the legal procedures. In the cases that involve usage of collaterals in an offensive way, it automatically applies to the doctrine of collateral estoppel, and is thus permissible. Thus, the court readily grants motion in such cases.
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PAHELP PO PLS. NEED NG EXAMPLE EACH
1. Existence and territorial extent of states
EXAMPLE:
2. Political history of states
EXAMPLE:
3. Forms of government and symbols of nationality
EXAMPLE:
4. Law of nations
EXAMPLE:
5. Admiralty and maritime courts of the world and their seals
EXAMPLE:
6. Political constitution and history of the Philippines
EXAMPLE:
7. Official acts of the legislative, executive and judicial departments of the Philippines
EXAMPLE:
8. Laws of nature
EXAMPLE:
9. Measure of time
EXAMPLE:
10. Geographical divisions
EXAMPLE:
1. Existence and territorial extent of states:
Example: The United States of America is a sovereign state located in North America with a territorial extent that includes 50 states, the District of Columbia, and various other territories and possessions.
2. Political history of states:
Example: The political history of the United Kingdom includes the reigns of various monarchs, the establishment of the parliamentary system, and the formation of the British Empire.
3. Forms of government and symbols of nationality:
Example: The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system, and its national symbols include the flag, anthem, and imperial crest.
4. Law of nations:
Example: The law of nations, also known as international law, governs the relations between nations and includes treaties, customs, and general principles of law.
5. Admiralty and maritime courts of the world and their seals:
Example: The United States has admiralty and maritime courts, which are specialized courts that hear cases related to maritime law, and their seals typically include an anchor or ship motif.
6. Political constitution and history of the Philippines:
Example: The political constitution of the Philippines is a presidential representative democratic republic, and its history includes periods of Spanish and American colonization as well as a struggle for independence.
7. Official acts of the legislative, executive and judicial departments of the Philippines:
Example: The official acts of the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of the Philippines include the passage of laws, the issuance of executive orders, and the rendering of judicial decisions.
8. Laws of nature:
Example: The laws of nature are scientific principles that describe the behavior of the physical world, such as the laws of gravity, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism.
9. Measure of time:
Example: The measure of time includes units such as seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years, which are used to quantify the duration of events and the passage of time.
10. Geographical divisions:
Example: Geographical divisions include various types of landforms, such as continents, countries, regions, states, provinces, cities, and bodies of water, which are used to describe and organize the Earth's surface.
What are the different forms of government and how do they differ from each other?The main forms of government are democracy, monarchy, dictatorship, and oligarchy. They differ in terms of who holds power, how decisions are made, and the degree of citizen participation.
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2. Pilihan ganda30 detik1 ptQ. Of the following, the most significant difference between the Constitution of 1787 and the Articles of Confederation was that the ConstitutionPilihan jawabanmade states sovereign over the national government, while the Articles were based on national sovereignty.was difficult to amend, while the Articles included an easier process requiring approval by a simple majority of states.created a dominant national executive, while the Articles established a dominant national legislature.provided for a strong national government with many powers, while the Articles created a weak central government with few independent powers.
Option 3 is Correct. The creation of a strong national executive by the Constitution of 1787 as opposed to a dominant national legislature by the Articles of Confederation was the key distinction between the two documents.
In the end, the biggest difference between America's two founding documents is that under the Articles, state sovereignty predominated, whereas under the Constitution, after it was approved, the federal government's authority was greatly expanded.
The most significant distinction between these two treaties was that whereas the Constitution established a powerful central authority, the Articles of Confederation provided a central government relatively limited power. The Declaration of Independence served as a justification for leaving a government. A government was intended to be established by the Constitution and Bill of Rights.
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Correct Question:
Of the following, the most significant difference between the Constitution of 1787 and the Articles of Confederation was that the Constitution
answer choices
1. made states sovereign over the national government, while the Articles were based on national sovereignty.
2. was difficult to amend, while the Articles included an easier process requiring approval by a simple majority of states.
3. created a dominant national executive, while the Articles established a dominant national legislature.
4. provided for a strong national government with many powers, while the Articles created a weak central government with few independent powers.
Which of these descriptions is consistent with the federal system?Each of two governing layers holds ultimate authority over different matters. A confederal system of government. The colonies had no formal venue for influencing parliamentary policy. Confederal system
The descriptions that is consistent with the federal system A. Each of two governing layers holds ultimate authority over different matters.
What is the most accurate way to define a federal system?A federal government is a system in which local state governments that are interconnected with the national government and a central national government share power. The national government has power over some aspects of public life, while local governments have control over other aspects.
In federal systems, political power is split between two independent, directly elected sets of governments, one national and the other subnational.
Therefore, option A is correct.
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according to the rule of law a government leader: a) is excluded from "we the people". b) Has absolute authority to make decisions for everyone. c) Must follow the law like everyone else.
According to the rule of law a government leader must follow the law like everyone else.
Hence. the correct option is C.
Rule of law is the mechanism or a norm that supports the equality of all citizens before the law, secures a nonarbitrary form of government, and more generally prevents the arbitrary use of power. The constitution protects persons rights and the rule of law describes constitution as the source of law, each law is derived from the constitution and it cannot override the general provisions of the constitution. The three major elements of rule of law are supremacy of law, equality to everyone before law and predominance of law i.e. court should be free from external influence.
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The Smith system does not include
Hope it helps
you have _____days to file a complaint with the equal employment opportunity commission after the alleged incident.
You have 180 days in order to file a complaint with the help of equal employment opportunity and commission after applying the alleged incident.
Claimants have 180 days from the date of the claimed incidence to submit an EEOC complaint. Similar to the EEOC, the claimant has 180 days from the moment the EEOC receives the complaint to file a lawsuit once the EEOC has finished its investigation. After the claimed incident, you have 180 days to file a complaint with the equal employment opportunity commission.
After the discrimination occurred, you have six months plus one day to file a lawsuit. It is not sufficient to just post your claim; the court must have received it before the deadline. An EEOC office near you can accept written or in-person complaints regarding employment discrimination.
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If you were one of the legislators during the debate over the Bill, would you support or oppose the Bill? Why or why not?
If I was one of the legislators during a debate over the bill I would certainly support a bill after addressing all its advantages only.
Like all the legislators debate on the bills present in the houses and considering the facts, advantages and disadvantages decide whether to support a bill or not, I will adopt the same procedure. A bill is a proposed legislation proposed by a legislature in front of a senate, which further debates and address such bills and then the process of voting is done where the members of the houses either accept or oppose the bills. The senate with at least one third of votes can ratify the bill. If both the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. If the House and Senate pass different bills they are sent to Conference Committee. Most major legislation goes to a Conference Committee. A bill when signed by the president becomes a law.
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true or false,a citation identifies the publication in which a legal authority can be found.
Answer:
It is TRUE a citation identifies the publication in which a legal authority can be found.
Explanation:
You're welcome.
The given statement, "a citation identifies the publication in which a legal authority can be found," is true (T) because it is indeed used to support a particular legal argument or claim.
A citation is a reference to a specific source, such as a book, article, or other publication, that is used to support an argument or claim. In the context of legal research, a citation is used to identify the legal authority that supports a particular legal argument or claim. The citation typically includes the name of the publication, the volume number, the page number, and the year of publication.
By providing a citation, a researcher or legal professional can help others find the legal authority that they are referring to, and can also help ensure that their argument or claim is supported by reliable and authoritative sources.
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Does USA regulate e-waste?
Yes,USA regulate e-waste.Out of 50 states,25 states have instituted electronic waste.
The US doesn't have an authority government e-waste regulation system, yet certain states have carried out state administrative frameworks. The Public Methodology for Electronic waste regulation was helped to establish by the Natural Security Office (EPA), the Board on Natural Quality (CEQ), and the General Administrations Organization (GSA), and was acquainted in 2011 with center around government activity to lay out electronic stewardship in the Assembled States.
E-waste management is basic because of the poisonous synthetic compounds present in electronic gadgets. As indicated by the US EPA, poisonous substances like lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium are frequently delivered into the climate and imperil entire networks; these harmful toxins can inconveniently affect the wellbeing of biological systems and living organisms. US e-waste board incorporates reusing and reuse programs, homegrown landfill unloading, and global shipments of locally created e-squander. The EPA gauges that in 2009, the US discarded 2.37 million tons of e-squander, 25% of which was reused locally.
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Japan would restrict emmigration of laborers to the US is part of what agreement?
Japan would restrict immigration of laborers to the US is part of Gentlemen's Agreement.
The Gentlemen's Agreement was a series of informal and nonbinding agreement between japan and the United State in the year 1907 under which Japanese government agreed to voluntarily restrict issuing passports for immigration, good for the continental United States to laborers while the US government promised to protect the rights of Japanese immigrants and their children already residing in the United States. The major aim of the agreement was to calm down immigration issues and war like conditions between the two countries. However, it was later nullified due to criticism from public by the US Immigration Act 1924.
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The law of superposition is a geologic principle used to determine the ______________
The law of superposition is a geologic principle used to determine the relative ages of rock strata, or layers.
Superposition is one of the basis of science of geology, the major principle of stratigraphy stating the layers of the sediment placed in accordance with their age. The law of superposition is based on theory that the youngest rock are always on top and the oldest rock always lies in the bottom. Using this principle, geologists were able to determine which rock layers were the oldest long before the technology existed to calculate the absolute ages of rocks. This principle was considered a great milestone in the field of geology propounded by geologist Nicolaus Steno in the 16th century.
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t/f because the amendment process is so cumbersome, only 27 constitutional amendments have ever been proposed
False. Only 27 constitutional modifications have ever been proposed due to the difficult amendment process. Due to Informal Modifications and how much simpler it is to alter something informally than formally.
The Constitution's drafters provide a method for amending it: Hence it might alter along with civilization. The amendment's backers reasoned that lawmakers are more likely to exercise caution when voting to increase congressional salary if they have no personal stake in the outcome.
James Madison proposed the amendment to Congress in 1789, and at that time it was sent to the states for ratification. Amendments are difficult to pass since just thirteen states can prevent their acceptance (in either of their two chambers) of any amendment.
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what happens if you unknowingly deposit a fake check
You can be responsible for the money on a fake check if you deposit it. Additionally, you could be held accountable for any losses the bank might suffer as a result of your deposit.
The Repercussions Of Accidentally Depositing A Fake Check:
If you have a bank account, you'll probably be assessed an overdraft fee. You will be charged by the bank for the amount the bogus cheque overdrew. The cost of an overdraft may be in the thousands.If you are dismissed as a result of this, you can lose your job.When you are ready to apply for new loans and mortgages, it will have an impact on your credit record.The individual who wrote the check and lost money as a result of your placement of a phony check into their account may also be entitled to reimbursement from you. Restitution can be costly to pay back in order to make things right with that individual once more.To learn more about fake checks visit;
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you have _____days to file a complaint with the equal employment opportunity commission after the alleged incident.
You have 180 days from the alleged incident to submit a complaint with the equal employment opportunity commission.
You must lodge a complaint or request an investigation 180 days after the alleged act of discrimination or retaliation, so keep that in mind. An EEOC office near you can accept written complaints or ones made in person.
Calling the EEOC at 1-800-669-4000 or visiting the EEOC's Field Office List and Jurisdiction Map and choosing the office closest to you can help you locate the nearest EEOC office. The appropriate internal complaints committee or the local complaints committee must receive this complaint within three months of the incident.
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Which of the following is essential to the success of law reform efforts?
O Advocacy
O Deposition
O Litigation
O Naturalization
Advocacy is essential to the success of law reform efforts. The process of analysing present laws and pushing for change is known as law reform or legal reform.
Law reform, sometimes known as legal reform, is the process of analysing current laws, proposing change, and putting such change into effect in the legal system, usually with the goal of improving justice or efficiency.
Law reform commissions or bodies, which are institutions created to support law reform, are closely connected. Aiming to modernise and simplify the law, law reform organisations do research and make recommendations. Although many law reform organisations are statutory businesses created by governments, they are typically free from official oversight, giving them the intellectual independence to objectively consider and communicate how the law should advance.
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which amendments address the rights of the accused? a) The fourth amandement. b) The fifth amandement. c) The sixth amandement. d) The seventh amandement
The sixth amendment of the constitution of United States address the rights of the accused.
Hence, the correct option is C.
The amendment was ratified in houses in the year 1791 by the required three-fourths majority of states, and the 6th amendment of the constitution of United States protects the rights of the criminal defendants or accused. It includes the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to a lawyer, the right to an impartial jury, and the right to know about accused and the nature of the charges and evidence against the accused. It addresses an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.
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what term is used to describe an employment practice that lacks discriminatory content but still leads to discrimination?
Newberry Corp. has pretax accounting income of $100,000. Newberry has tax depreciation in excess of financial accounting depreciation of $20,000. Bad debt expense on the income statement was $5,000, and bad debts for tax reporting was $2,000. The enacted tax rate is 40%. Which of the following entries will be included in the journal entry to record income tax at year-end? (Select all that apply.)
The correct answer to this question is:
A debit to Income Tax Expense for $47,200
A credit to Income Tax Payable for $47,200
To calculate the income tax expense that will be included in the year-end journal entry, we need to first calculate the taxable income.
Taxable income = Accounting income + tax depreciation - tax-deductible expenses
In this case, taxable income is:
= $100,000 + $20,000 - $2,000
= $118,000
The income tax expense can be calculated as:
Income tax expense = taxable income x tax rate
= $118,000 x 40%
= $47,200
So the journal entry to record income tax at year-end will include:
A debit to Income Tax Expense for $47,200
A credit to Income Tax Payable for $47,200
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What was Burke's view of the French Revolution?
The primary view or the ideology of Burke was in strong opposition to the happening of the event of the French Revolution in the European society.
The French Revolution had differentiated the ideologies of the individuals across the different parts of the European society, even before it had started. The French Revolution, which began under the leadership of Napoleon, received a good response, and is known to have brought significant changes, both positive and negative, to the European societies.
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what controubted to rise of dual federalism
Answer:
The rise of dual federalism in the United States was largely the result of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which outlined a system of government with separate powers and responsibilities for the federal government and the states. This system was further strengthened by the 10th Amendment, which clarified that all powers not explicitly delegated to the federal government are reserved for the states. This created a balance of power between the two levels of government, with the federal government having control over issues that affected the entire nation and the states having control over more localized matters. This system of dual federalism ensured that both levels of government would have a role to play in the United States.
Answer:
Dual federalism, also known as layer cake federalism, is a political arrangement in which the power of the federal government and state governments are clearly defined and separated. The rise of dual federalism can be attributed to several factors, including:
The U.S. Constitution: The Constitution outlines the division of power between the federal government and the states, with the federal government having specific, enumerated powers and the states having residual powers. This division of power helped to establish the framework for dual federalism.
The Marshall Court: The Marshall Court, in several landmark cases such as Marbury v. Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland, established the principle of judicial review and solidified the power of the federal government.
The Civil War: The Civil War settled the issue of states' rights and reinforced the power of the federal government, further solidifying the principles of dual federalism.
The Progressive Era: The Progressive Era saw a rise in activism and a call for greater regulation of business, which led to a growth in federal power. This increased federal power helped to further establish dual federalism as the dominant system of government in the United States.
Explanation:
Overall, the rise of dual federalism was due to a combination of constitutional principles, judicial decisions, and historical events that helped to establish and reinforce the division of power between the federal government and state governments.
ALLEN
What are the reasons grandparents can file for custody of grandchild ?
Grandparents can file for custody of grandchild because when parents are not able to take care of their child then grandparents can take custody.
There are many reasons grandparents can file petition for custody of grandchild. Maybe the guardians can't deal with the kid, or perhaps there has been a sensational change in the family circumstance that leaves the kid without a home.Anything that the explanation, grandparents have lawful privileges with regards to looking for care of their grandkids.
The five reason why grandparents can file for custody of grandchild
#1. The grandparent is the most proper parental figure:
At times, a grandparent might be the most fitting and cherishing guardian for their grandkid because of reasons like age, monetary steadiness, or family ancestry
#2. The guardians can't give sufficient consideration:
Now and again, the parent or guardians might not be able or reluctant to give appropriate consideration and thoughtfulness regarding their kid. This could be because of medication or liquor misuse, psychological instability, or detainment.
#3. The guardians are perished or missing:
In the sad instance of a parent's demise or long haul nonappearance because of reasons, for example, military help, it very well might be vital for a grandparent to petition for care of their grandkid.
#4. The guardians can't give monetarily to the kid:
At times, the parent or guardians might not be able to give monetarily to their kid because of joblessness or an absence of assets and dependability. For this situation, a grandparent might petition for care of their grandkid to give a superior life to them.
#5. The guardians have dismissed their parental obligations:
Now and again, the parent or guardians might have disregarded their parental obligations because of compulsion or psychological sickness.
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Referring to the principles pf proportionality, targeting and consistency of approach within the enforcement policy statement. what will the enforcement agency have considered when deciding on this enforcement action? NEBOSH DIPLOMA
When deciding on an enforcement action, an enforcement agency would consider the following:
Proportionality: The enforcement agency would ensure that the action taken is proportional to the seriousness of the offense. The action taken should not be more severe than necessary to achieve the desired result. The agency will consider the gravity of the offense, the harm caused, the culpability of the offender, and the public interest in taking action.Targeting: The enforcement agency would ensure that the action taken is directed at the appropriate offender. The agency will consider factors such as the risk posed by the offender, their previous conduct, the level of cooperation with the agency, and the need to deter others from committing similar offenses.Consistency of approach: The enforcement agency would ensure that the action taken is consistent with its policies and previous enforcement actions. The agency will consider the nature of the offense, the context in which it was committed, and any relevant aggravating or mitigating circumstances.Overall, the enforcement agency will need to balance the principles of proportionality, targeting, and consistency of approach when deciding on an enforcement action. It will need to take into account all relevant factors and circumstances and ensure that the action taken is both fair and effective in achieving its enforcement objectives.
Which U.S. Constitutional amendment gives state governments plenary power? a. Fourth b. Sixth c. Tenth d. Fourteenth.
The tenth U.S. Constitutional amendment gives state governments plenary power.
What is plenary power?
According to US constitutional law, plenary power is one that has been granted to an entity or individual in full, without being subject to scrutiny or restrictions on how it may be used. When a plenary authority is given to one body, all other bodies lose their ability to use it if they are not otherwise entitled. Judicial review of plenary powers is not permitted, either in a specific situation or generally.
Due to the nature of the Constitution, which assigns distinct but occasionally overlapping functions to the three parts of the federal government and the states, there are very few glaring examples of such powers in the United States.
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