A5 and B5 habitats should harbor snapping shrimp species with the greatest degree of genetic divergence from each other.
What is genetic divergence ?
Genetic divergence is the process through which two or more populations of an ancestor species accrue separate genetic modifications over time, frequently resulting in reproductive separation and ongoing mutation even after the populations have become reproductively isolated for a while.
What do habitats mean?
A habitat is where an organism establishes its base of operations. All of the environmental requirements are met in a habitat for an organism to survive. That refers to everything an animal requires in order to locate and gather food, choose a mate, and procreate successfully.
Question :
In the ocean, on either side of the Isthmus of Panama, are 30 species of snapping shrimp; some are shallow-water species, others are adapted to deep water. There are 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. The Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago.
In the following figure, the isthmus separates the Pacific Ocean on the left (side A) from the Atlantic Ocean on the right (side B). The seawater on either side of the isthmus is separated into five depth habitats (1—5), with 1 being the shallowest.
53) Which habitats should harbor snapping shrimp species with the greatest degree of genetic divergence from each other?
A) A1 and A5
B) A1 and B5
C) B5 and B1
D) A5 and B5
E) Both A1/A5 and B1/B5 should have the greatest, but equal amounts of, genetic divergence.
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Calculate Based on Figure 1-2, if you have 2 L of water, how many milliliters do you have?
Answer:
2 000ml
Explanation:
1 L of water is made up with 1000ml so we combine two 1000ml to make 2L which is 2000ml
Animals are able to conductphotosynthesis:____.
A. not cellular respiration.
B. net o 2 consumers and co 2producers.
C. net o 2 and co 2producers.
D. net o 2 producers and co 2consumers.
E. net o 2 and co 2consumers.
Animals are :
B. net o 2 consumers and co 2producers.
All living organisms produce energy through cellular respiration, which is found in both plants and animals. Food is broken down and absorbed by the cells as glucose molecules when it is consumed and digested by an animal. They simultaneously take in oxygen, which enters the cells through the bloodstream, lungs, and other organs. The components and environment are ready for cellular respiration to begin once glucose and oxygen enter the cytoplasm of the cells.
The bodily processes that are powered by ATP include breathing, blood circulation, digestion, reaction to stimuli, muscle movement, and cell division, repair, and growth (matter). Energy is used in everything an animal does.
Animal Cellular Respiration (Human Example):
1) Digest a piece of pie and begin.
2) Pie is broken down into carbohydrate molecules during digestion.
3) Glucose molecules are created when carbohydrate molecules disintegrate.
4) In the mitochondria of the cells, glucose molecules are transformed into ATP along with oxygen from breathing (energy).
Cellular respiration is a multi-stage process that releases carbon dioxide and water while converting glucose and oxygen into ATP, the cellular form of energy. The equation:
C6H12O6 (1 glucose molecule) + 6 O2 ---> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP (Energy)
carbohydrate + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water + ATP (Energy)
In animals, 1 molecule of glucose and 6 molecules of oxygen are converted into approximately 36 molecules of ATP, 6 molecules of water, and 6 molecules of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration.
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Which technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose?
PositivePositive emission tomography (PET) scan technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose.
What is a PET technique?Positron emission tomography (PET) is a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues. PET is actually a combination of nuclear medicine and biochemical analysis.
A PET technique can be used to find the malignant tumor cells or diagnose condition like epilepsy.
A small amount of radioactive glucose is injected into the veins.
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Which body activity would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes?
Oxygen transport would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes
What is erythrocytes ?Erythrocytes, also referred to as red blood cells, carry oxygen to your body's tissues. As oxygen is converted to energy, carbon dioxide is released by your tissues. Additionally, your red blood cells carry carbon dioxide to your lungs so you can exhale it.
Anemia, or low RBC counts, can impair the body's capacity to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the cardiovascular system. It may make you feel drained, woozy, and queasy. Iron deficiency anaemia is the most prevalent type of anaemia. Blood loss, malnutrition, or kidney issues might cause this.Dehydration can be indicated by a high red blood cell count. heart illness. Red blood cells are produced in excess due to the bone marrow condition polycythemia vera.Learn more about Erythrocytes here:
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Some organisms in the phylum mollusca can communicate through pigmented cells, called ____________________.
Some organisms in the Phylum Mollusca can communicate through pigmented cells called chromatophores.
Chromatophores are pigment containing cells that produce colour. Chromatophores can be found in a wide range of animals including reptiles, fish, cephalopods and amphibians. Cephalopods, under the phylum Mollusca often use their chromatophores for communication and as a type of camouflage.
Based on their colour under white light, chromatophores can be grouped into; erythrophores (red), xanthophores (yellow), leucophores (white) and cyanophores (blue).
The octopus and other members of the phylum Mollusca change their colours through complex chromatophore organs controlled by muscles.
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why do the hottest days and coldest days of summer and winter occur about one month after the longest day or night?
The hottest days and coldest days of summer and winter occur about one month after the longest day or night because the land and oceans have to warm up, too, before the truly hot summer heat can begin.
What is Summer?This is a type of season which is characterized by the sun being very hot at that time of the year. There is usually very little precipitation and the temperature is usually high during this period.
Winter on the other hand, is the coldest time of the season and is characterized by low sunlight and a very low temperature.
However, the hottest days and coldest days of summer and winter occur about one month after the longest day or night because of the time taken to warm up the land and oceans before the season starts before the summer heat begins to be felt.
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Compact bone is characterized by many cylindrical osteons. osteons are formed by layers of nested cylinders each called a(n):____.
Compact bone is characterized by many cylindrical osteons. osteons are formed by layers of nested cylinders each called lamella.
What is compact bone?
The dense, hard outer layer of all bones in the human body is composed of compact bone, sometimes referred to as cortical bone. One of the two forms of bone tissue, compact bone serves largely to strengthen and protect bones. Spongy bone is the other form of bone tissue.
Lamella is the nested cylinders from which osteons are formed and than from this osteons the compact bone is characterized.
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Approximately how many kg of quaternary level carnivore biomass can be supported by a field plot containing 1000 kg of plant material?
Approximately 0.1 kg of quaternary level carnivore biomass can be supported by a field plot containing 1000 kg of plant material.
What is a Carnivore?A Carnivore may be defined as a type of animal that significantly depends or feed primarily or exclusively on an animal matter like flesh or meat. Such types of animals are lions, tigers, etc.
According to Lindemann's 10% law, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the other. For example, if a field plot contains 1000 kg of plant material, the primary consumer occupies 100 kg of biomass, secondary consumers occupy 10 kg of biomass, tertiary consumers occupy 1 kg of biomass, and quaternary consumers occupy 0.1 kg of biomass.
Therefore, approximately 0.1 kg of quaternary level carnivore biomass can be supported by a field plot containing 1000 kg of plant material.
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The enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate to adenosine diphosphate is?
Answer: phosphotransferase or kinases
Explanation:
The enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate to adenosine diphosphate is Pyruvate kinase.
What is Pyruvate kinase?Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that is involved in the final step of glycolysis.
It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), resulting in one pyruvate molecule and one ATP molecule.
The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate.
This is driven by a flux of protons across a gradient generated by electron transfer from the proton's chemically positive to negative side.
Catalysis is a term that describes a process in which the presence of a substance (the catalyst) that is not consumed during the reaction influences the rate and/or outcome of the reaction.
Thus, pyruvate kinase is the enzyme responsible for the given reaction.
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In _____________ molecules show a net movement from greater to lesser concentration due to the random motion of the molecules.
In diffusion molecules show a net movement from greater to lesser concentration due to the random motion of the molecules.
What is diffusion ?The net movement of anything, typically from a place of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, is known as diffusion. A gradient in the Gibbs free energy or chemical potential drives diffusion.
What is diffusion process of cell?In order to achieve equilibrium, diffusion is the random movement of molecules with a net direction toward areas of lower concentration. When tiny molecules travel through the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane, simple passive diffusion takes place.
Examples of diffusion :The mingling of two substances as a result of the motion of their particles is known as diffusion. Diffusion is demonstrated by the way a room fills with the scent of perfume.Due to the huge particle spacing and high kinetic energy, gases spread quickly.To know more about kinetic energy visit :
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The non-mendelian inheritance pattern observed in snail coiling is most related to ______.
The non Mendelian inheritance pattern observed in snail coiling is most related to maternal inheritance.
Why is genetic inheritance important?Genetic inheritance is necessary for evolutionary change. It describes how genes are passed from one generation to the next.It might consequently initially seem surprising then, that genetic inheritance itself is rarely inculded in life research.
The phenotype controlled by organelle genes exhibit maternal inheritance.The classic phenotype which exhibits maternal effects is coiling direction of snail shell.The phenotype that is seen in the offspring is controlled by the genotype of the mother.
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What is one of the simplest checks for overall mobility, and is commonly used by usa weightlifting for athlete preparation, and to test readiness for the snatch specifically?
Apley's test ,Toe touch test Overhead squat Sit and reach flexibility test 66.The Apley scratch take a look at is a shoulder flexibility, used to assess the power and mobility of your shoulder joint. The also can be used to evaluate the variety of motion (ROM) of your shoulder, inclusive of flexion and extension.The Apley returned scratch particularly assessments the mobility of your shoulders. The intention of the shoulder flexibility take a look at is to save you hyperextension of the joint.
Hyperextension can cause an acute or continual damage of the rotator cuff muscle group, inclusive of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. These rotator cuff accidents may be due to repetitive movements, including the ones worried with swimming, tennis, volleyball, racquetball, or any game that calls for throwing or catching.1
Monitoring assessments are normally used to evaluate weightlifter’s preparedness for competition. Although diverse tracking assessments were used, it isn't always clean which take a look at is the most powerful indicator of weightlifting performance.
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The principle that describes the technique of having body parts and appendages dragged behind the rest of the body and continue to move when the body stops, like a cape, is called:__________
The principle that describes the technique of having body parts and appendages dragged behind the rest of the body and continue to move when the body stops, like a cape, is called Follow Through and Overlapping Action.
Difference between follow through and overlapping actionThe concept of "Follow Through" states that an item or its loosely coupled elements will keep moving even after the character has stopped. Similar to overlapping action, which describes how various sections of an object or body typically move at various rates.
What is the overlap principle?The concept of overlapping action states that various bodily components will move at various velocities. As a result, when you walk, your arms will move more slowly than your head. Animation may have believable motion by using both overlapping action and follow-through.
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The ________, first proposed by francis crick, summarizes the relationships between dna, rna, and protein.
The fundamental doctrine describes the connection between DNA, RNA, and proteins and was first put forth by Francis Crick.
The fundamental tenet of molecular biology is the idea that genetic information can only move from DNA to RNA to protein or from RNA to protein directly. Cells create proteins through a process known as protein synthesis. Transcription and translation take place simultaneously. The conversion of genetic information from DNA to mRNA in the nucleus is known as transcription. Initiation, elongation, and termination are its three stages. The process of transcription involves moving genetic information from DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. Initiation, elongation, and termination are its three stages. Following processing, the mRNA transports the information to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. The ribosome, which is made up of proteins and rRNA, is where translation happens. The mRNA's instructions are read during translation, and tRNA then transports the appropriate structure of a protein to the ribosome. rRNA then facilitates the formation of links seen between amino acids, resulting in a polypeptide chain. To create the finished protein, a polypeptide chain may go through additional processing after being created.
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Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the ________.
Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the latch state.
What is muscle contraction?Muscle contraction is defined as an action potential travels along the nerves to the muscle. The beginning of muscle contraction occurs with signal generated from the nervous system. There are mainly two types of muscle contraction and the situation occur when a muscle contracts and a change in size takes place.
Isotonic concentric contraction is the type of muscle contraction in which muscle shortening takes place. Isotonic eccentric contraction is the type of muscle contraction in which the muscle lengthening whilst it is under tension.
Therefore, Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the latch state.
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What major cities are located near the San Andreas Fault?
Hey! Here is the pictures of the cities that are near the fault!
list precautions used in the science laboratory to minimize the following risks
a) poisoning
b) scalding
c) eye damage
Answer:
Avoid skin and eye contact with all chemicals.
Minimize all chemical exposures.
Know locations of laboratory safety showers, eyewash stations, and fire extinguishers.
Assume that all chemicals of unknown toxicity are highly toxic.
Explanation:
Mutations in ______ (or sex cells) would have no adverse health effect on an individual; however, the mutations could be passed on to offspring.
Mutations in gamete (or sex cells) would have no adverse health effect on an individual; however, the mutations could be passed on to offspring.
What is Mutation?A mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA at a particular gene locus. It creates a permanent change in gene's DNA sequence. Genetic variations are essential for humans to evolve, which is the process of change over generations. Mutations is result of errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection.
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Stem cells that will form t lymphocytes mature in the stem cells that will form t lymphocytes mature in the:_____.
a. liver.
b. thymus.
c. bone marrow.
d. kidneys.
e. spleen.
Stem cells that will form t lymphocytes mature in the stem cells that will form t lymphocytes mature in the Thymus.
T cells proliferate and differentiate into memory T cells, helper, regulatory, or cytotoxic T cells in the thymus. After that, they are planted into perivascular tissues or moved around by the lymphatic or blood systems.
Thymus, pyramidal lymphoid organ located just below the sternum at the level of the heart in humans. The organ is called the thymus because its shape resembles that of a thyme leaf.
The organ is composed mainly of two types of cells called respectively lymphocytes and reticular cells. The reticular cells form a loose network like in a lymph node, while the spaces between them are filled with lymphocytes. The cortex, characterized by its high concentration of lymphocytes, is the site of intense lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocyte proliferation in the thymus is evenly distributed throughout the cortex and not in the germinal centers as is the case in other lymphoid tissues. Some of the daughter cells - called T cells (derived from the thymus) - produced in the cortex migrate to the marrow, where they enter the bloodstream through the medullary veins and join the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs.
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CCC Cause and Effect What would happen to the probabilities of yellow and green seeds if one parent were homozygous recessive and the other were homozygous dominant?
Answer:
He proved that an organism inherits alleles ("factors") that control which traits are expressed and that these alleles could be dominant or recessive.
Question
A student conducts an experiment to determine how the temperature of water affects the time for salt to dissolve in 100 mL of water. The student makes one measurement for each temperature.
What is one way that the student could improve the experiment?
perform multiple trials for each measurement instead of just one
perform one trial for each measurement but use a different volume of water for each test
use a different type of salt for each temperature of water
use a different timer for each temperature of water
What is an example of a closed system?
1.An estuary where fresh and ocean water mix
2.A living single-celled organism such as a phytoplankton
3.A river that flows into the ocean
4.Water being heated in a pot with a lid
The example of closed system is water being heated in a pot with a lid. The correct option is 4.
What is a closed system?A closed system is a innate physical system that does not aid the transfer of matter into or out of the system, though energy transfer is permitted in contexts including physics, chemistry, and engineering.
A closed system on the earth is a heating water container with a lid. The only energy transfer occurs with the environment, not with the water.
Other examples encompass a simple water bottle or a closed frying pan, among others.
Thus, the correct option is 4.
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Answer:
The answer is D - Water being heated in a pot with a lid.
Explanation:
Closed systems are similar to open systems in a way; energy can enter and leave freely, however, unlike in open systems, matter cannot enter or leave a closed system. The Earth is a good example of this. The outer edge of the Earth's atmosphere acts as a boundary between the system, Earth, and the surroundings, or space. Energy is transferred between Earth and its surroundings, think solar, but matter does not enter or leave, unless you count the rare exceptions in which a meteor crashes into the earth or when a space shuttle leaves the Earth.
How often should neurologic assessments and vital signs be taken initially for the patient receiving tissue plasminogen activator (tpa)?
Neurologic assessments and vital signs need to be taken initially for the patient receiving tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) each regular 15 min (15 minutes).
What is the tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)?The tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is a factor used or to trigger the natural process of breakdown of blood clots during coagulation, which may be very useful to restore the normal blood flow to the brain after a stroke.
In conclusion, neurologic assessments and vital signs need to be taken initially for the patient receiving tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) each regular 15 min (15 minutes).
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Which component of the membranous labyrinth is used to transmit auditory information?
The cochlea is the component of the membranous labyrinth used to transmit auditory information.
The cochlea is a hollow, spiral-shaped structure of the internal ear that plays a key role in hearing. The spiral structure of the cochlea enables it to detect various sound frequencies and helps in the transduction of the electrical impulse which is interpreted by the brain.
The sound vibrations are carried through a fluid known as endolymph. The hair cells in the organ of Corti, inside the cochlear duct, then transmit the mechanical vibrations into electrical impulses. The electrical nerve impulses are then carried by the vestibulocochlear nerve from the cochlea to the brain for interpretation.
Auditory vibrations are transmitted by the tympanic membrane and through the labyrinth, the fluid inside the cochlea. This fluid then activates the organ of the corti which then processes the vibrations to produce electrical impulses and then send them to the brain.
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The pad of fatty tissue that covers the area of the pubic bone is called the ________.
The pad of fatty tissue that covers the area of the pubic bone is called the mons pubis
The pubic bone is protected by a fatty cushion called the mons pubis. The mons, or mons veneris in females, is another name for it. Although both have a mons pubis, females tend to have it more pronounced.
Females tend to have a large mound of tissue that is typically covered in pubic hair. During sexual contact, the mons pubis serves as a source of cushioning. Sebaceous glands that release pheromones to promote physical attraction are also found in the mons pubis.
The mons pubis is a part of the vulva. This is the rounded region in the bottom portion of the belly that is in front of the pubic bones (abdomen). At puberty, it grows hair all over it. The vulva has two skin folds.
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Which cell participates in cell-mediated immunity and is antigen specific and directly cytotoxic for target cell?
Th1 cells and Cytotoxic T cells participates in cell-mediated immunity and is antigen specific and directly cytotoxic for target cell.
What is an antigen?An antigen (Ag) is a molecule, molecular structure, foreign particle, pollen grain, or any other foreign substance that can attach to a particular antibody or T-cell receptor. An immunological response may be triggered by antigens present in the body. A chemical that produces antibodies was formerly referred to as an antigen. Antigens can be proteins, peptides (amino acid chains), lipids, nucleic acids, polysaccharides (chains of monosaccharides/simple sugars), or polypeptides.
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PLEASE HELP
The rate of photosynthesis can be measured as the volume of oxygen released by a
plant per minute. The number of bubbles of gas released per minute from waterweed is
counted.
a. The gas collected in this experiment is not pure oxygen. Suggest a reason for this.
b. The graphs below show the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis at
different carbon dioxide concentrations. Explain what the graphs show.
In the given experiment to measure the rate of photosynthesis;
the gas collected is a mixture of oxygen and water vapor.the graph shows that the rate of photosynthesis increases with increase in light intensity.What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is the process by which plant use the energy of sunlight to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts which are membrane-bound organelles found in the leaves of plants,
The green pigment chlorophyll, found within the chloroplasts is the responsible for the reactions of photosynthesis.
The rate of photosynthesis increases with increase in the number of chloroplasts as well as with increase in the amount of sunlight.
Considering the experiment to measure the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant:
The rate of photosynthesis can be measured as the volume of oxygen released by a plant per minute. The number of bubbles of gas released per minute from waterweed is counted.
Oxygen gas as well as water vapor is collected above the test tube. therefore, the gas collected is a mixture of oxygen and water vapor.
The graph shows that the rate of photosynthesis increases with increase in light intensity.
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Lu is from korea and pedro is from ecuador. lu and pedro share what percentage of their genes?
Lu and Pedro share 99.7 percentage of their genes,
Gene- The fundamental structural and operational component of heredity is a gene. DNA is the component of genes. Some genes serve as blueprints for the synthesis of proteins. Many genes do not, however, code for proteins. A few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases make up a gene in a person.
Heredity- The whole of biological mechanisms via which certain traits are passed down from one generation to the next.
DNA- The molecule found inside cells that carries the genetic material necessary for an organism to grow and operate. This knowledge may be handed on from one generation to the next thanks to DNA molecules.
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The fine adjustment knob on the microscope? locates the focus plane. fine-tunes the focus. all of the answer choices are correct. locates the specimen.
The fine adjustment knob on the microscope fine-tunes the focus.
What is a microscope?The human eye cannot see objects so small, thus a microscope is employed in laboratories to examine them.Microscopy is the study of small things and their structures under a microscope. Things that are microscopic are those that are difficult to perceive without a microscope.A technique to explain how a microscope interacts with a sample and produces images is to deliver an electron or light beam through the sample along its optical path, detect photon emissions from the sample, or use a probe to scan over and a short distance from the sample's surface. There are many different types of microscopes, and they can be categorized in a variety of ways.To learn more about the microscope, refer to the following link:
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Metabolic rate of alcohol is unaffected by exercise. group of answer choices true false
Metabolic rate of alcohol is unaffected by exercise TRUE.
The basal metabolic rate (BMR) calculates the bare minimum of calories required for a person to maintain their essential bodily functions over the course of a 24-hour period of rest. Such processes include breathing as an example. circulation. digestion as well as nutrient absorption
The three elements that make up the metabolic rate are the baseline metabolic rate, the energy expended during physical activity, as well as the thermic effect with food.
Alcohol reduced shivering metabolic rate by an overall mean of 13%, insufficient to affect cooling rate.
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