If each type of RNA (tRNA, mRNA, rRNA) degraded then there will be no translation at all which further leads to inhibition of protein synthesis.
RNA- All living cells contain ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid with properties comparable to those of DNA. However, RNA is often single-stranded, unlike DNA. Instead of the deoxyribose present in DNA, the backbone of an RNA molecule is made up of alternate phosphate groups and the sugar ribose.
Protein synthesis- The method through which ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and different enzymes are used to organize amino acids into proteins in a linear fashion.
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Which is the most significant agent formed in the phagolysosome for the elimination of microorganisms?
Hypochlorite ions is the most significant agent formed in the phagolysosome for the elimination of microorganisms.
What is phagolysosome ?A phagolysosome, also known as an endolysosome, is a cytoplasmic entity that is created when a phagosome and a lysosome combine during phagocytosis. For germs and pathogens to be destroyed intracellularly, phagolysosome formation is required.
What is the difference between phagosome and a phagolysosome?Phagolysosomes are cytoplasmic bodies created when a phagosome and a lysosome combine, which is the main distinction between them and phagosomes. A phagocytic cell forms a vesicle called a phagosome around the objects it ingests during phagocytosis.
What do the phagosome and phagolysosome consist of ?A phagolysosome is created when phagosomes and lysosomes combine and possesses a number of antibacterial qualities. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) as well as hydrolytic enzymes are found in the phagolysosome.
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The coenzymes known as nad , fad and coenzyme a all contain a derivative of _____.
The coenzymes known as NAD, FAD and coenzyme a all contain a derivative of Adenosine.
What is Adenosine?An abundantly found chemical component in nature, adenosine can be found in a variety of derivative forms. The molecule consists of a ribose joined to an adenine by a Beta-N9-glycosidic link. All life depends on adenosine, one of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA and DNA. Deoxyadenosine, an isomer of adenosine, is also a building block of DNA. The energy molecules adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate (AMP/ADP/ATP) are its derivatives.
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Sweet potatoes ipomoea batatas are hexaploid with 90 chromosomes. (6n = 90). how many telomeres would you expect to find in a sweet potato cell in g1?
Sweet potatoes Ipomoea batatas are hexaploid with 90 chromosomes. (6n = 90).Then they will have 360 telomeres in the G1 phase of the cell.
Chromosomes are the compact form of genetic material. It consists of proteins and DNA that are wound together to form this compact structure. A chromosome consists of two sister chromatids that are joined together by a protein called kinetochore and the point of junction is called the centromere. Each sister chromatid has 2 telomeres and therefore, one chromosome has total 4 chromosomes.
G1 phase of the cell cycle is the one where the cell prepares for the nuclear formation. It synthesizes various mRNA and proteins that are required in the S phase of the cell cycle. There is no change in the number of chromosomes during this phase and hence the number of telomeres will remain 360.
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If a uranium atom undergoes both alpha and gamma decay, what happens to it? the nucleus loses neutrons. the nucleus loses positrons. the nucleus loses protons. the nucleus loses energy. the nucleus loses electrons.
The correct answers are:
The nucleus loses neutronsThe nucleus loses protonsThe nucleus loses energyWhat is alpha decay?A nuclear process known as "alpha decay" releases a particle made up of two protons and two neutrons when an unstable nucleus transforms to another element. The helium nucleus that is being ejected is known as an alpha particle. Positive charge and a sizable mass characterize alpha particles.What is gamma decay?Gamma decay is a form of radioactivity where some unstable atomic nuclei release extra energy through an electromagnetic mechanism that occurs naturally. Gamma rays—photons or electromagnetic energy packets with an incredibly tiny wavelength—are emitted in the most prevalent type of gamma decay, referred to as gamma emission.To learn more about radioactive decay visit:
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The correct answers are:
The nucleus loses neutrons
The nucleus loses protons
The nucleus loses energy
What is alpha decay?
A nuclear process known as "alpha decay" releases a particle made up of two protons and two neutrons when an unstable nucleus transforms to another element.
The helium nucleus that is being ejected is known as an alpha particle.
Positive charge and a sizable mass characterize alpha particles.
What is gamma decay?
Gamma decay is a form of radioactivity where some unstable atomic nuclei release extra energy through an electromagnetic mechanism that occurs naturally.
Gamma rays—photons or electromagnetic energy packets with an incredibly tiny wavelength—are emitted in the most prevalent type of gamma decay, referred to as gamma emission.
A mutation occurred in the gene that encodes the enzyme sucrase, resulting in a single amino acid substitution in the active site of the enzyme. A polar amino acid was changed to a nonpolar amino acid. What is a likely result of this mutation?.
Answer:
A mutation occurred in the gene that encodes the enzyme sucrase, resulting in a single amino acid substitution in the active site of the enzyme. A polar amino acid was changed to a nonpolar amino acid. The result of this mutation sucrase will not be ale to bind in the active site.
Explanation:
A digestive enzyme known as sucrase catalyzes the breakdown of sucrose into its component sugars, both glucose plus fructose. One kind, sucrase-isomaltase, which is secreted at the brush boundary of the small intestine. A condition known as congenital sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency impairs a person's capacity to digest particular sugars. The carbohydrates sucrose and maltose could not be broken down by those who have this disease.
Which foods include sucrose?
Vegetables and fruits contain sucrose, which is extracted from the sugarcane and used in food manufacturing and cooking. Sugar cane , grapes, oranges, beets, as well as other vegetables and foods all usually have the same amount of sucrose as the sugar inside the sugar bowl. Components for other sugars.
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The ____ of the spinal cord carries motor information from the brain to the muscles and glands
The correct answer is Descending tract of the spinal cord carries motor information from the brain to the muscles and glands.
One of the main pathways by which information travels between the body and the brain is the spinal cord. The brainstem continues caudally into the spinal cord.
Descending tract of the spinal cord.
Descending tracts provide motor information from the brain through the spinal cord to the body, such as commands to move the arm.
The primary characteristic of the musculoskeletal system that promotes locomotion is muscular contraction against a relatively fixed skeletal framework. But to move, muscle fibers need the action potentials produced by the spinal motor neurons of the anterior grey horn. Numerous upper motor neuron pathways that start above the level of tells control these lower motor neurons of the anterior grey horn in both conscious and unconscious ways (i.e. cerebral cortex, cerebellum, etc.). The actions of the upper motor neurons provide stimulatory and inhibitory modulation of the activity of the anterior horn cells, and by extension, the activity of the motor system.
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The study of diseases of the urinary system is ____logy; the word part you chose is a _________. group of answer choices
The study of diseases of the urinary system is urology; the word part you chose is a combining form.
What are typical urological issues?Urologists, sometimes referred to as urological surgeons, handle issues with the male and female genitourinary tracts. They identify and manage diseases of the prostate, bladder, kidneys, ureters, and male reproductive systems. Urinary tract infections, kidney stones, issues with bladder control, and prostate issues are just a few examples of urologic disorders or ailments.
Urinary tract malignancies, incontinence (inability to control urine flow), interstitial cystitis, kidney stones, renal failure, and urinary tract infections are a few examples of urinary diseases.
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51. how do the differences in amino acid sequences lead to different protein functions?
Different amino acid produce different proteins based on the bonds formed between them .
How does the sequence of amino acids affect the functions of protein ?Organic substances known as amino acids have both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although there are hundreds of different amino acids in nature, proteins, which are made up of alpha-amino acids, are by far the most common. In the genetic code, only 22 alpha amino acids are present.
The sequence of amino acid of a protein determines protein shape , since the chemical properties of each amino acids are forces that gives rise to intermolecular interaction to begin to create secondary structure .
Amino acids are monomers of protein. So , different amino acids produce different proteins based on the bonds formed between them.
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A client with a diagnosis of anemia is receiving packed red blood cells. which nursing action is important when administering the transfusion?
The nursing action that is important when administering the transfusion is Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes.
What is anemia?Anemia is defined as the absence of functional red blood cells in the blood or its drastic reduction following an on going deficiency.
Blood transfusion is the procedure that involves the transfer of blood or blood products from a screened donor to its recipient.
Transfusion reactions are those side effects that a recipient experiences few minutes into transfusion of blood.
Therefore, the nursing action that is important when administering the transfusion is Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes.
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The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is called:_______
The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is called Sterilization.
What is Sterilization?Any procedure known as sterilization eliminates, eliminates, or renders inactive all life forms, particularly microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms, as well as other biological agents like prions, that are present in or on a particular surface, object, or fluid. Heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration are just a few methods for sterilization. Disinfection, sanitization, and pasteurization are different from sterilization in that they lessen rather than completely get rid of any living things or biological agents that might be present. A substance is referred to as sterile or aseptic after sterilization.
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Climate mitigation involves both reducing emissions sources and increasing emissions sinks. True or false?.
True: Climate mitigation involves both reducing emissions sources and increasing emissions sinks.
Climate change is one of the worst issues we are facing globally. Climate mitigation is one of the most effective measures to control this change. It involves reducing emission sources and increasing emission sinks so as to improve the situation. Climate change refers to the long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns. Although it may occur naturally, but is most probably caused by humans today. The emission of greenhouse gases is the primary source contributing to climate change, especially global warming. One of the most common greenhouse gas is Carbon dioxide which is released due to the emission of fuels, vehicles, reduced trees, etc.
We can control climate change by having two approaches: climate mitigation and adaptation. Reducing the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is referred to as climate mitigation. Adaptation refers to adapting to the climate change already persistent.
Climate mitigation involves reducing the release of heat-trapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, either by reducing the use of their sources like burning fossil fuels or by increasing the emission sinks that store these gases, such as rivers, forests, etc.
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The scar tissue generated in the brain by _______ cells acts to impede the regrowth of nerve cells.
Answer:
astrocytes
Explanation:
astrocytes
Choose the reason(s) why plants need fertilizer. (there may be more than one answer.)
One of the major reason that plants needs fertilizers is : Fertilizers are food for plants. Fertilizers replace the nutrients that crops remove from the soil. Without the addition of fertilizers, nature struggles to replenish the nutrients in the soil and agricultural productivity would be significantly reduced.
Fertilizers can be defined as a natural or synthetic substance that contains chemical components that enhance plant growth and productivity. Fertilizers either restore chemical elements that previous crops removed from the soil or increase the soil's natural fertility.
In total, plants require a minimum of 16 different elements, the most crucial of which are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus. Other nutrients are absorbed from the soil, while plants obtain, carbon from the atmosphere, hydrogen, and oxygen from water.
Overall chemical analyses show that the total amount of nutrients in soils is typically higher than what crop plants need. The absence of a particular nutrient becomes a limiting factor in plant growth when the supply of that nutrient is exhausted.
Because of this, we add nutrients to the soil in the form of fertilizers, which feed the plants and make sure that there is never a shortage of any element required for a healthy crop production.
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Energy requiring metabolic pathways that yield complex molecules from simpler precursors are:________
Energy requiring metabolic pathways that yield complex molecules from simpler precursors are anabolic.
Metabolic pathways are those that take place inside an organism's body to regulate the proper functioning of the body The metabolic pathway comprises of two components: anabolism and catabolism.
Anabolism involves the formation of larger molecules from the smaller ones. For example: formation of glycogen from glucose is anabolism. Catabolism is the process of breakdown of larger substances into smaller ones. The example of catabolism is the breakdown of proteins into amino acids during digestion. All the reactions that take place inside an organism's body are part of its metabolism.
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Endocrine system: the endocrine system is made up of the cells, tissues, and organs that secrete hormones into body fluids such as the blood stream. what is its function?
Function: -
The advancement of the central nervous system, the growth and operation of the reproductive organs, and also the metabolism and blood sugar level, are all regulated by the endocrine system, which is made up of all the various hormones produced by the body from conception and via adulthood and into old age.
Metabolism- The alterations in an organism's or a cell's chemistry. These modifications generate the ingredients and energy that cells and organisms require to develop, procreate, and maintain health. Anabolism and catabolism are components of metabolism.
Hormones- Chemicals called hormones function in the body as messenger molecules. They are created in one area of the body and then go to other areas where they assist regulate how cells and organs function.
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Visual processing begins in the primary visual cortex, located in the the __________ lobe. a. frontal b. occipital c. parietal d. temporal please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
The primary visual cortex is located in the (b) occipital lobe and it is where visual processing begins.
In both cerebral hemispheres, the primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe. It encircles and extends into the calcarine sulcus, a deep sulcus. Although the main visual cortex occupies only a small percentage of the occipital lobe's visible cortex, it occupies a sizable portion of the cortex' overall surface due to its extension into the calcarine sulcus.
Due to the existence of a broad band of myelinated axons that runs along the borders of the calcarine sulcus, the primary visual cortex is occasionally also referred to as the striate cortex.
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Answer:
B. occipital
Explanation:
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
It is a protein structure that helps give structure to the cell
It helps with cell reproduction
It helps with storing nutrients for the cells
All of the above
The cytoskeleton helps a cell maintain its shape and helps keep its internal continents in place and organized. It is also responsible for the locomotion of the cell.
So the simple answer to this question is: it is a protein structure that helps give structure to the cell.
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A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____. a nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____. dendrites synaptic terminals oligodendrocytes axons nodes of ranvier
A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along dendrites.
A nerve impulse is an electrical charge that is generated as a result of any stimuli that travel along the neuron membrane and is also called an action potential.
The nervous system consists of neurons which are also known as nerve cells that receive sensory signals from the external environment and integrate the input signals and then relay these signals to the target cells and organs. Sensory, motor, and interneurons are the three main types of neurons present in human beings.
Neurons are made up of three main parts which are dendrites, axons, and cell body. The cell body is also called soma.
Dendrites are the receiving part of the neuron and carry the impulses to the cell body by receiving inputs from the axon.
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Blood typing is based on the presence of proteins known as ____________ on the outer surface of the erythrocyte plasma membrane.
Answer:
Blood typing is based on the presence of proteins known as antigen on the outer surface of the erythrocyte plasma membrane.
Explanation:
Antigens frequently consist of proteins or carbohydrates and have high molecular weights. Numerous additional substances, including lipids, nuclear acids, as well as polypeptides, can potentially serve as antigens. Haptens include tiny molecules that, when chemically attached to a bigger carrier protein, could also cause immunological reactions. Any chemical that the immune system potentially reacts to is considered an antigen. For instance, parts of the cell wall of bacteria might cause neutrophils to attack violently and right away. The immune system begins an attempt on an antigen when it is discovered that it is not present in the body's original cells. Immunity is the body's capacity to defend itself from pathogens and other foreign substances via its immune system.
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The salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas produce ________ secretions that flow into the gi tract through various ducts.
The salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas produce digestive secretions that flow into the GI tract through various ducts.
Salivary glands are responsible for production of saliva in the mouth. The saliva contains lysozyme that protects the body from any harmful pathogens, keep the mouth moist and also aid in chewing and softening of food. There are three salivary glands: parotid, sublingual and submandibular.
Pancreas is the largest gland of the human body. It is mixed gland that serves endocrine as well as exocrine functions. The exocrine secretions are of the digestive enzymes. Whereas the endocrine secretion include the hormones insulin and glucagon.
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Most of the atp from metabolism is produced in the:____.
a. citric acid cycle.
b. electron transport system.
c. cytosol.
d. mitochondrial matrix.
e. glycolysis.
Answer:
most of the ATP from metabolism is produced in the - mitochondrial matrix.
The process by which axons are covered and insulated with a layer of fat cells increasing the speed at which information travels throughout the nervous system is called?
Which set of membrane proteins in the figure depicts the transport of solute molecules across the membrane?.
Panel A, which shows both passive and active transport processes mediated by integral membrane proteins.
Carrier proteins are utilized in each passive and lively shipping and extrade form as they pass their unique molecule throughout the membrane. Examples of provider proteins inside our cells encompass the sodium potassium pump and glucose transporters.
Transport proteins are critical trans membrane proteins ,this is they exist completely inside and span the membrane throughout which they shipping materials. The proteins can also additionally help with inside the motion of materials with the aid of using facilitated diffusion or energetic shipping.
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When planning discharge teaching for a client who had coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery using a vein graft, which information will the nurse include?
The teaching the nurse should include while planning the discharge of a patient who had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using a vein graft is that: the patient avoids lifting heavy objects beyond 2 kg approximately and should report to the doctor when any redness or swelling is observed at the incision site.
CABG surgery is performed to treat the patients suffering from coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is the narrowing of the artery due to some depositions. One possible treatment includes the replacement of the blocked artery portion with a healthy one. Now non-invasive techniques to treat the disease have been discovered.
Vein graft is a the portion of a vein that is cut and removed from one part of the body and placed and attached to another part of the body.
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Which parts of the body should be assessed for temperature in clients who abuse sedatives or hypnotics? select all that apply.
The thorax and forehead should be assessed for temperature in clients who abuse sedatives or hypnotics.
Excessive perspiration or diaphoresis is an abnormal condition observed in clients who abuse hypnotics and sedatives. In this case, the body temperature should be measured primarily in the upper thorax as well as the forehead.
The thorax and forehead are the most convenient places since it is easier to see excessive perspiration in those areas. In those who do not abuse sedatives or hypnotics, the rectal area, oral cavity, and axillae are frequently preferred sites for assessing body temperature.
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Which factor influences both chemical weathering and mechanical weathering?
Options:
A: Wind
B: Iron
C: tectonic plates
D: Plants
Answer:
the answer is D.
Explanation:
The reason plants can influence both chemical weathering and mechanical weathering is because their roots grow into rocks and crack them. but It can inhibit erosion of the soil thanks to the roots.
What are derived units?
Answer:
A derived unit is a unit that results from a mathematical combination of SI base units. Calculations involving derived units follow the same principles as other unit conversion calculations.
Explanation:
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Hypodermoclysis is used to treat:_________
a. increased acetone level
b. circulatory failure
c. serum alkalosis
d. mild to moderate dehydration
The correct option is (d) mild to moderate dehydration.
Hypodermoclysis is used to treat mild to moderate dehydration.
What is Hypodermoclysis?A simple procedure for injecting fluid into subcutaneous tissue is called hypodermoclysis. Subcutaneous fluid administration is technically simpler than intravenous fluid administration. It prevents the requirement for venous access in individuals who frequently have very weak veins at the end of life. Normal saline is the preferable solution, although it is also possible to utilize other solutions such 50% normal saline, glucose and saline, or 5% glucose. If necessary, potassium chloride can be added to the solution bag. Additionally, hyaluronidase can be administered to improve fluid absorption.
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Life is thought to have evolved from complex molecules formed by the interaction of smaller molecules in the oceans and atmosphere. the substance which brought these molecules together to interact is?
Life is thought to have evolved from complex molecules formed by the interaction of smaller molecules in the oceans and atmosphere. the substance which brought these molecules together to interact is water.
What is water?In its gaseous, liquid, and solid states, water is a substance made up of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. It is among the most common and necessary compounds. At room temperature, it is an odorless, tasteless liquid with the significant property of dissolving many other substances.
Two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom make up a water molecule's three atoms. H2O is a common abbreviation for water because of this. Millions of water molecules make up a single drop of liquid.
It functions as a solvent and a delivery system, emulsifying vital vitamins and nutrients in food and supplying them to cells.
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Which type of fracture involves a break through only part of the cross-section of the bone?
A type of fracture that involves a break through only part of the cross-section of the bone is called an incomplete fracture.
A fracture is an incomplete or complete break in the continuity of the bone structure. When a bone is subjected to great stress, more than it can absorb, it breaks, resulting in a fracture.
When only part of the bone gets cracked or broken it is called an incomplete fracture. Other types of fractures include:
Complete fracture: this is a breakthrough the whole cross-section of the bone. Closed fracture: in this type of fracture does not result in a tearing or opening of the skin.Open fracture: this occurs when a fracture results in the opening or breaking of the skin.Learn more about fractures here:
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