black box
What is black box?
A black box is a system that can only be understood in terms of its inputs and outputs (or transfer characteristics) in the fields of science, computing, and engineering. The way it's implemented is "opaque" (black). The phrase can be used to describe a variety of internal mechanisms, including those of a transistor, an engine, an algorithm, the human brain, as well as those of organizations and governments.Around 1945, it appears that the phrase "black box" acquired its contemporary connotation and entered the English language. The process of network synthesis from transfer functions, which led to the idea that electronic circuits are considered to be "black boxes" determined by how they react to signals sent to their ports, may be traced back to Wilhelm Cauer, who first published his concepts in 1941.Although Cauer did not use the term himself, those who followed him undoubtedly did. Vitold Belevitch dates the concept of black-boxes back even further, claiming that Franz Breisig was the first to explicitly treat two-port networks as black boxes in 1921 and that 2-terminal components were implicitly treated as black-boxes before that.The "explanatory principle," the theory of a causal relationship between the input and the output, provides the foundation for comprehending a black box. This concept argues that the system's inputs and outputs are separate, are observable (and related), and are opaque to the observer (non-openable).To learn more about black box visit:https://brainly.com/question/19475106
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The ________ function calculates the current value of an investment given a fixed discount rate.
The Excel NPV function is a financial function that calculates the net present value (NPV) of an investment using a discount rate and a series of future cash flows.
How do you calculate NPV using Excel? The Excel NPV function is a financial function that calculates the net present value (NPV) of an investment using a discount rate and a series of future cash flows.Excel has an in-built NPV function with the following syntax: NPV(rate, value1, [value2]The current value of an investment Keywords:Net present value (NPV) can help companies determine the financial viability of a potential project.It's especially useful when comparing more than one potential project or investment.NPV is an essential tool for corporate budgeting.You can use Excel to calculate NPV instead of figuring it out manually.An NPV of zero or higher forecasts profitability for a project or investment; projects with a negative NPV forecast loss.
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A firm has total debt of $1,360 and a debt-equity ratio of .21. what is the value of the total assets?
A firm has total debt of $1,360 and a debt-equity ratio of .21. the value of the total assets is
Total debt/total equity = debt/equity ratio (multiply times total equity and divide by debt/equity ratio)
Total equity = total debt / (debt/equity ratio)
Total assets = total debt + total equity
Total equity = $1,310 / .25 = $5,240
Total assets = $1,310 + $5,240= $6,550
In financial accounting, an asset is a resource owned or controlled by a company or entity. It is anything that can be used to create positive economic value. An asset represents the value of an asset that can be converted into cash. Assets are reported on the company's balance sheet. They are classified as short-term, fixed, financial, and intangible. They are purchased or created to add value to the company or to benefit the company's operations. Assets can be thought of as anything that can generate cash flow, reduce expenses, or increase sales in the future, whether it's manufacturing equipment or patents.
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The brokerage firm department that prepares and mails trade confirmations to customers is the? a margin department b purchase and sales department c reorganization department d order department
The brokerage firm department that prepares and mails trade confirmations to customers is the purchase and sales department.
The purchase and sales department is a brokerage firm department which prepares and mails trade confirmations to the customers. This margin department keeps a record of the securities positions, and as also the debit and credit balances which are in the customer accounts.
The reorganization department of a brokerage firm tends to handle the corporate reorganizations such as takeovers and tender offers. Whereas, the order department routes orders to the appropriate exchange.
Thus, a brokerage firm primarily acts as a middleman in connecting the buyers and sellers in order to facilitate a transaction.
Hence, option B is correct.
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Jessica was recently praised by her supervisor for displaying superior customer service during an encounter with a problem customer. this is an example of organizational:_____.
Jessica was recent praised by her supervisor for displaying superior customer service during an encounter with a problem customer. This is an example of organizational effectiveness.
What is Customer service?
Customer service refers to the one-on-one conversations that take place between a buyer and a salesperson directly from a business. In the opinion of the majority of merchants, this one-on-one contact is essential to ensuring customer happiness and promoting repeat business. Even now, when most customer service is handled by automated self-service systems, most firms still feel that having the option to speak to a live person is essential. It is a crucial component of servant leadership.
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Today's marketers see information not only as a tool for input for better decision-making, but also as ___________________________.
Today's marketers see information not only as a tool for input for better decision-making but also as an important strategic asset and marketing tool
Who is a marketer?A person or business that promotes or advertises something
An employee who works in marketing is in charge of establishing a connection between the client and the good or service that the business is providing.
By keeping enormous inventories of products for supply or by effectively marketing the product to encourage large sales, this participation is attained.
When marketers enter the mix, though, a significant muddle results. Despite the fact that the terms sound relatively similar, there are a lot of significant differences.
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To be included in the labor force, someone needs to be or actively searching for a(n)?
To be included in the labor force, someone needs to be working or actively searching for a job.
What is labor force?The pool of people who are either employed or unemployed is referred to as the workforce or labor force. It usually refers to people who work for a certain organization or sector, but it can also refer to a specific geographic area like a city, state, or nation. A company's value can be described as being represented by its "Workforce in Place." A country's workforce consists of both employed and jobless people (labour force). The sum of the number of individuals who are employed and looking for work is the labor force, often known as the workforce.
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To be included in the labor force, someone needs to be or actively searching for a job.
What is Labor Force?The Labor Force is the sum of employed and unemployed people, and the unemployment rate is the number of jobless people divided by the number of people in the labor force.
People are deemed employed if they work for pay or at their own business for at least one hour during the week, including the twelfth day of the month.
Persons "in the labor force" are individuals aged sixteen and up in the civilian noninstitutional population who are employed or unemployed and looking for work.
The Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Program calculates the number of Labor Force members who are either employed or jobless in their local area.
Labor is the human aspect in the production of an economy's commodities and services. finding enough people with the necessary capabilities to satisfy rising demand This frequently leads to salary increases in some industries.
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The failure to properly record an adjusting entry to accrue a revenue item will result in an.
The failure to properly record an adjusting entry to accrue a revenue item will result in an understatement of revenues and an understatement of assets.
Revenues is the overall amount of profits generated with the aid of the use of manner of the sale of goods and services associated with the number one operations of the monetary corporation. Business profits can also be known as earnings or as turnover. A few companies receive sales from interest, royalties, or excellent charges.
The crucial income definition is the general amount of cash delivered in with the useful aid of a commercial enterprise agency's operations, measured over a fixed quantity of time.
An organization's revenue is its gross profits earlier than subtracting any expenses. Earnings and normal earnings outline earnings—it's far the monetary gain through profits and/or offerings rendered.
Revenue, in economics, the earnings that a company receives from the sale of an amazing or service to its clients.
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Which act prohibits external auditors from providing many forms of non-audit services and consulting work to public companies for which the auditor also provides a financial statement audit?
An act that prohibits external auditors from providing many forms of non-audit services and consulting work to public companies for which the auditor also provides a financial statement audit is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Thus the correct option is B.
What is a Financial statement?The financial statement of a business is referred to as a written document that is prepared by the business to evaluate the profit and loss of the organization and check its performance and understand its position in the market.
Federal legislation known as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 formed extensive financial and auditing standards for public firms. As a consequence of this law, external auditors are not allowed to provide public firms with several types of non-audit services.
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
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The complete question is
Which act prohibits external auditors from providing many forms of non-audit services and consulting work to public companies for which the auditor also provides a financial statement audit?
The Securities Exchange Act of 1933
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
The Dodd-Frank Act of 2010
As a result of relationship marketing, customers experience specific relational benefits. these include?
As a result of relationship marketing, customers experience specific relational benefits such as :
1)It may improve how you interact with customers.
2)It becomes simpler to produce more recommendations to qualified leads when two-way contact is established for helpful client feedback.
3)You'll have a deeper comprehension of what your clients need.
4)You'll find it helpful in developing new business (and product/service) ideas.
5)It helps your company stand out from rivals.
6)You can encourage loyalty.
7)Ultimately, cross-selling and upselling can increase your revenue.
Relationship Marketing: Relationship marketing refers to techniques used by businesses to create enduring bonds with their clients. You want to build a loyal consumer base rather than concentrating on one-time sales.
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When the product or service related to an unearned revenue is delivered, the earned portion of the unearned revenue is transferred to a _____ account.
When the product or service related to an unearned revenue is delivered, the earned portion of the unearned revenue is transferred to a revenue account.
What is a revenue account?A revenue account can be described as the account that has credit balance, this usually encompass all the revenue receipts which is been regarded as the current receipts of the government.
It should be noted that the receipts include tax revenues as well as other revenues of the government, hence When the product or service related to an unearned revenue is delivered, the earned portion of the unearned revenue is transferred to a revenue account.
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Suppose the economy is operating at point c. the opportunity cost of producing the fourth train would be?
Suppose the economy is operating at point c. the opportunity cost of producing the fourth train would be 80 tons of sugar.
Opportunity costs are the advantages a person, investor, or company forgoes when selecting one course of action over another. Despite the fact that opportunity cost is not reflected in financial reports, business leaders can utilize it to help them choose wisely when faced with a variety of possibilities.
The value of the next best choice passed up is the opportunity cost. In simpler terms, it is the expense of an alternative course of action.
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Let v1 equal the value of a variable in period 1 and v2 equal the value of the same variable in period 2. what is the rate of growth between periods 1 and 2?
[(V2 - V1)/V1]100 is the growth rate between periods 1 and 2. This equation can be used to calculate growth rates or percentage changes.
Growth rates are used, at their most basic level, to indicate the annual change in a variable as a percentage. For instance, the annual rate of change at which a nation's GDP rises or falls is used to calculate an economy's growth rate. This rate of expansion or contraction is used to assess the state of an economy.
How is growth rate calculated?
Determine growth rate FAQs
Use the basic growth rate formula to determine the percentage growth rate by deducting the original value from the new value and dividing the results by the original value. Multiplying the results by 100 will convert that to an increase in percentage.
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Which phase of the accounting process involves recognizing the effect of transactions on assets, liabilities, owner's equity, revenue, and expenses of a business?
Recognizing the effects of transactions on assets, liabilities, owner's equity, revenue, and expenses of a business is the processing function.
What is Accounting cycle ?Understanding the eight-step accounting cycle is crucial for all different types of bookkeepers. It breaks out the whole scope of a bookkeeper's responsibilities into eight major sections.
Technology-based tools and accounting software typically automate many of these activities.
On the other hand, for small business accountants working on the accounts with little technology help, knowledge of and use of the manual processes might be crucial.
A process called the accounting cycle is designed to assist business owners in keeping track of the financial accounting of their activities.
Typically, an accounting cycle has eight phases.
Business owners receive comprehensive financial performance reports at the end of the accounting cycle, allowing them to evaluate their company.
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If someone behaves the same way others do in a given situation we would probably make an external attribution about that person. this would be an example of making a decision based on?
If someone behaves the same way others do in a given situation we would probably make an external attribution about that person. this would be an example of decision-making based on Consensus Decision-Making Process.
These are cooperative decision-making processes in which members create and settle on a proposition with the point, or prerequisite, of acknowledgment by all.
The emphasis on laying out an understanding of the supermajority and keeping away from ineffective assessment separates agreement from unanimity, which requires all members to help a choice.
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Which characteristics should a nurse focus on to become an effective transformational leader?
Effective communication is a critical component of successful transformational leadership in nursing.
Open, sincere communication is necessary for personnel to understand their responsibilities and the objectives they are working toward. A nurse leader's commitment to others, including the staff, families, and patients, demonstrates to others that she or he is not only in a leadership position for personal gain but also for the benefit of those being led.
These leaders empower people to share a common vision and objective for the organization rather than using their position of authority to enforce change.
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The financial model that measures the time it will take to recover the project investment is the __________ model.
It is the Payback Model that measures the time taken to recover project investment.
What is the Payback Period?The payback period is a word used to describe the length of time needed to recoup an investment's cost. It is, in essence, the period of time it takes for an investment to break even. The payback period is crucial since individuals and businesses primarily invest money in order to be reimbursed. Fundamentally, investment becomes more appealing the faster its payback period is. By dividing the initial investment by the typical cash flows, it is possible to calculate the payback period, which is helpful for everyone.
Investors, financial experts, and businesses frequently utilize the payback period as a way to estimate investment returns. It aids in calculating how long it takes for an investment's initial costs to be recouped. Before making any judgments, this statistic is helpful, especially when a quick assessment of a potential investment initiative is required.
payback period formula:
Cost of Investment x Average Annual Cash Flow = Payback Period
payback period = Cost of Investment ÷ Average Annual CashFlow
Thus, the financial model that measures the time it will take to recover the project investment is the payback Model.
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The hawthorne studies, which showed that there is a dynamic social system in the workplace, took place in the 1960s. true false
The correct answer is False. The Hawthorne investigations, which demonstrated that the workplace has a dynamic social system, were conducted in the 1960s.
Work relevance and autonomy are two of the five ideal criteria of a job design outlined by Hackman and Oldham. Giving employees more responsibility and variety in their work is a strategy for motivating them.
Giving employees work with more responsibility and autonomy is a part of job enrichment. By allowing an individual to make decisions without seeking management approval, responsibility can also hasten the working process.
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A database admin uses a show statement to retrieve information about objects in a database. this information is contained in a _____.
A show statement is used by a database administrator to get details about the items in a database. A data dictionary has this information.
facts factors applied or recorded in a database, facts device, or as a thing of a studies examine are given names, definitions, and houses in a data dictionary. A imperative store for metadata is known as a facts dictionary. records about facts is called metadata. Examples of information that might be found in a company's data dictionary include the names of all the databases that make up the organisation.The shape and content material of records are categorised and communicated the use of a information dictionary, which also offers insightful descriptions for mainly distinct data objects.
The database control machine where the information dictionary is stored is accountable for this. therefore, on every occasion a database change is finished, the database control device without delay updates the facts dictionary. due to its self-updating nature, that is referred to as an energetic statistics dictionary.
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Ellen elder and her brother, buster started elder company when they each invested $600 in the company. after the investments there will be:______.
In a case whereby Ellen elder and her brother, buster started elder company when they each invested $600 in the company. after the investments there will be three reporting entities.
What are investments?An investment can be described as the asset or item that is been acquired having in mind about the goal of generating income or appreciation.
Therefore, In a case whereby Ellen elder and her brother, buster started elder company when they each invested $600 in the company. after the investments there will be three reporting entities.
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A study of hundreds of companies in north america found that up to about one-half of employees experience incivility at work on a weekly basis. True or false
A study of hundreds of companies in north America found that up to about one-half of employees experience incivility at work on a weekly basis is a True Statement.
What is incivility behavior?The term incivility in the Workplace is known to be a term that is defined as a kind of “little intensity” behavior that can be shown through a lot of actions such as little mild character shown but often rude, discourteous or a kind of impolite behavior.
Therefore, A study of hundreds of companies in north America found that up to about one-half of employees experience incivility at work on a weekly basis is a True Statement.
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The two major benefits that arise from the market system's restriction of business risk to owners and investors are:________
The key advantage of risk management for those involved is that it makes it possible for the project to run smoothly. The possibility of achieving desired results is raised, decision-making is facilitated, and responsibility is distributed to risk owners.
Greater emphasis on regulatory outcomes, resources, and actions across the entire organization. Greater adaptability to changing circumstances increased transparency through accountability and transparent results.
Risk stakeholders are the individuals who are (or believe they are) impacted by a choice, course of action, tactic, or procedure. A stakeholder may change at any point during the process and might be an individual, an organization, or a grouping within an organization, such as the management.
The two major benefits that arise from the market system's restriction of business risk to owners and investors are Risk Management
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Which accounting assumption or principle is being violated if a company provides financial reports only when it introduces a new product?
Going Concern accounting assumption or principle is being violated if a company provides financial reports only when it introduces a new product.
In accounting, a corporation is considered a going concern if it has the resources to operate indefinitely, unless it can prove otherwise. This phrase also describes a business's capacity to generate sufficient revenue to stay afloat or avert bankruptcy.
According to the Standard's definition of going concern, financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis until management has no realistic choice but to liquidate the firm, stop conducting business, or both.
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A tire with lower than specified inflation pressure could lead to what condition?
A tire with lower than specified inflation pressure could lead to reduced tire life and fuel economy so D. All of the above.
What can a lower than specified inflation pressure lead to?When a tire is not inflated to the pressure that it is meant to be inflated to, it can lead to reduced tire life because the tire would not adequately handle to weight of the car.
Fuel economy would then reduce as the tires demand more energy to compensate and this can increase the chances of tire faults and other faults that can lead to accidents.
Options include:
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In the ______ step of the stakeholder impact analysis, the firm identifies the opportunities and threats that stakeholders present to the firm.
In the third step of the stakeholder impact analysis, the firm identifies the opportunities and threats that stakeholders present to the firm.
Stakeholder impact analysis is done by the use of the analytical tools and techniques in order to quantify and analyze the effect of the business decisions on the stakeholders of a firm.
So in this analysis is considered to be a key task for the management of a company. It is also used in order to formulate business strategy and make distribution, production, and final sales-related decisions.
Hence, there are five steps to complete a stakeholder impact analysis, among which the third step is identifying how best to engage stakeholders.
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The demand and supply curves show how buyers and sellers ________; the interaction of buyers and sellers ________.
The demand and supply curves show how sellers and buyers respond to prices; the interaction of sellers and buyers determines the price.
Every market has two agents; buyers and sellers. Demand for a particular product represents buyers in a market. Demand Curve actually shows the relationship between price and quantity demanded whereas Supply curve shows the relation between the cost of a good or service and the quantity supplied for a given period.
Demand is basically a description of all quantities of a good or service that a buyer will be willing to purchase at all prices. According to the law of demand, the relationship of demand and price is always negative: the response to an increase in price results in decrease in the quantity demanded.
Price depends on the interaction between demand and supply components of a market. Demand and supply basically represent the willingness of consumers and producers to engage in buying and selling. An exchange of any product takes place when buyers and sellers can agree upon a specific price.
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The field of economics that deals primarily with the factors that determine wage rates, employment, and unemployment is called?
Business Economics is the field of economics that deals primarily with the factors that determine wage rates, employment, and unemployment
It is a field of both business and economics that deals with both the micro and macro aspect of the economics with the mix of the management involved in it.
It involves both the wage rates and employment and unemployment issues with the business activities and the management at all levels to consider the policies and procedures to be implied in the organisation. It also decides the income and wage expansion accordingly.
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A well-conceived and communicated strategic vision ordinarily does not result in?
Typically, stakeholders do not complain that the company is directionless after hearing a well-developed and expressed strategic vision.
What Is Vision, Exactly? And why is it so crucial for a leader to convey their vision?The organization's desired achievement or future state is described by its vision. To motivate, define, and focus the effort, a vision must be communicated in order to fulfill its purpose.
One of your responsibilities as a leader is to inspire dedication to your organization's goal, as stated in our handbook Communicating Your Vision. You must convey the vision in a way that matters to people in order to accomplish this. You want the organization's members to embrace the vision and spread it to others.
The organization's vision needs to be communicated by the leaders in several different methods.
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If a 4 percent increase in the price of a good leads to a 1 percent decrease in the quantity demanded, the price elasticity of demand for the good equals ________.
The price elasticity of demand for the good is found to be 0.25.
Given here the price of goods changes by 4% and change in quantity demand by 1%
Price elasticity of demand can be calculated by the formula,
Price elasticity of demand = change in quantity demand / change in price of goods.
Price elasticity = ¼
=0.25
Thus the price elasticity of demand for the goods is found to be 0.25.
The price elasticity of demand measures how responsive a quantity’s demand is to a given price. For practically any good, quantity desired decreases as the price rises, however it decreases more for some goods than for others. Since the change in demand is essentially the same whether prices rise or fall, price inelasticity gives businesses more pricing flexibility.
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When the savings and loan industry collapsed in the 1980s, all of the big accounting firms, except for arthur andersen, experienced heavy losses because of?
When the savings and loan industry collapsed in the 1980s, all of the big accounting firms, except for Arthur Andersen, experienced heavy losses because of their liability for audit work on the collapsed financial institutions.
What caused the industry collapse in the 1980s?The early 1980s recession was responsible for the collapse of most industries in the 1980s. The recession was a serious economic recession that affected the world in the early 1980 and early 1983, and it was the most severe recession since World War II.
The main factor that lead to the recession was the 1979 energy crisis which was caused by the Iranian Revolution which caused a disruption to the global oil supply and saw oil prices rising sharply in 1979 and early 1980. This rise in oil prices pushed up the rates of inflation in several to new double-digit highs and caused economy problems.
However, during the period when the savings and loan industry collapsed in the 1980s, all of the big accounting firms, except for Arthur Andersen, experienced heavy losses because of their liability for audit work on the collapsed financial institutions.
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Problems associated with using expatriate employees include: _____.
The problems associated with using expatriate employees include the following:
Failure to effectively manage the return of expatriates, ultimately reducing the organization's return on investment.Early turnover.High costs to the organization that sends its employees overseas as expatriates.Who is an employee?An employee can be defined as an individual who is statutorily employed by an employer of labor in a business firm, so as to perform specific tasks, duties or functions on a daily basis for a certain agreed fee (salary), that is usually paid at the end of the month.
Who is an expatriate?An expatriate can be defined as a person who has citizenship in one country such as Germany, but lives and works for a business organization (company) in a foreign country such as Ghana.
Consequently, the problems that are associated with using expatriate employees include the following:
The failure to effectively manage the return of expatriates, which would ultimately reduce the organization's return on investment (ROI).Early or quick turnover.High costs of sending employees overseas as expatriates.Read more on expatriates here: https://brainly.com/question/28168470
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Complete Question:
Problems associated with using expatriate employees include: (select all that apply)
increased bribery payments to partnering nations.
failure to effectively manage the return of expatriates, ultimately reducing the organization's return on investment.
early turnover.
high costs to the organization that sends its employees overseas as expatriates.
