Answer:
pH
Explanation:
Substances can act as a buffer to resist changes in pH when something more acidic or basic is added
Substances or mixtures of substances known as buffers, act in living things to resist changes in pH.
What are the uses of pH?pH is an important quantity that reflects the chemical conditions of a solution. The pH can control the availability of nutrients, biological functions, microbial activity, and the behavior of chemicals.
If the pH of their body or their environment fluctuates too much the organism can die. This is particularly true for human beings. For example, blood is normally slightly basic, with a pH range of 7.35 to 7.45.
Different organs function at their optimal level of pH. For example, the enzyme pepsin requires low pH to act and break down food, while the enzymes in intestine require high pH or alkaline environment to function.
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Because fungi do not move and their ability to get nutrients was not known, scientists formerly placed fungi into what kingdom?
Because fungi do not move and their ability to get nutrients was not known, scientists formerly placed fungi into kingdom Plantae.
Fungi is one of the kingdoms of the classification system. The organisms from fungi are eukaryotic, and they can be unicellular or multicellular. The most common and useful fungi is yeast. It is highly used in baking, cooking and brewing.
Kingdom Plantae includes all the plants. The common features of Plantae are that they are multicellular, have root, stem and leaves. The most important component of plants is chlorophyll. Plants can perform photosynthesis with the help of chlorophyll and hence are autotrophic.
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Which organ is super important in helping you in both conserving heat and cooling your off?
A. Skeletal System
B. Excretory System
C. Respiratory System
D. Integumentary (skin) System
What best describes the action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids)?
Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are medicines that are widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down a high temperature.
What is the excellent anti inflammatory and reduces swelling and pain ?In contrast to meals that promote the generation of free radicals, foods high in antioxidants are preferred in an anti-inflammatory diet. Oily fish include omega-3 fatty acids, which may aid in lowering the body's levels of inflammatory proteins. This is another effect that fibre may have, according to the Arthritis Foundation.
Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs also known as NSAIDs are medicines that are used to relieve pain , and reduce swelling. Examples include aspirin , naproxen , ibuprofen, diclofenac and inhibitors.
The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is the inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase .
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Which neurotransmitters are most likely in undersupply in someone who is depressed?
a. serotonin and norepinephrine
b. oxytocin and gaba
c. dopamine and andenosine
d. ach and histamine
e. epinephrine and glutamate
The neurotransmitters that are most likely in undersupply in someone who is depressed are: serotonin and norepinephrine; option A
What are neurotransmitters?Neurotransmitters are chemicals whose main function is in transmitting nervous impulse across the neurons of the body.
Neurotransmitters are important as the over -production or under-production of neurotransmitters in that body can affect the mood and behavior of individuals.
The neurotransmitters in the body include:
dopamine serotoninnorepinephrineepinephrine andglutamateSerotonin and norepinephrine act as mood elevators. Therefore, a low amount of these neurotransmitters could lead to depressed moods.
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the temperate rain forests tend to be very wet, like the tropical rain forests. however, the temperate rain forests have temperatures.
The temperate rain forests tend to be very wet, like the tropical rain forests. However, the temperate rain forests have temperatures ranging from 32°F to 68°F.
Temperate rainforests are the broad-leaf forests that receive heavy rainfalls. The forests can be seen at the regions where oceans are present. The trees of these forests can be up to 100 meters long or even more. Temperate rainforests are present only in small area of the world.
Tropical rainforests are where there occurs no dry season and they experience an average rainfall of about 60 mm all over the year. The tropical rainforests can be described as hot and wet.
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Chaperone proteins or chaperonins assist in the proper folding of proteins. explain the process.
Chaperone proteins or chaperonins assist in the proper folding of proteins.
Left to right:
1. From one end, a polypeptide that has been unfolded enters the cylinder.
2. When the cap is attached, the cylinder transforms into a hydrophilic environment that facilitates the folding of the polypeptide.
3. The cap is removed, releasing the correctly folded protein.
What is Chaperone (protein)?In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that aid in the conformational folding or unfolding of large proteins or macromolecular protein complexes.The common goal of all the different molecular chaperone groups is to aid in the appropriate folding of large proteins during or after synthesis as well as during partial denaturation.Chaperones are also involved in protein translocation for proteolysis. The first molecular chaperones to be discovered are assembly-type chaperones that aid in the formation of nucleosomes from folded histones and DNA.One of the primary functions of molecular chaperones is to prevent the buildup of misfolded proteins since heat stress increases the tendency for protein aggregation.The majority of chaperone proteins are hence classified as heat shock proteins.To learn more about chaperone proteins, refer to the following link:
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During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.
During anaphase the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.
In order words, anaphase is one of the stages of cell division in mitosis when chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.
CellA cell can be defined as the simplest, structural and functional unit of life. In biology, there are two major groups of living organisms based on the numbers of cells they have. These two groups are as follows:
Unicellular organisms: They are organisms consisting of only one cells. That is, they are single celled organism and are capable of carrying out all life processes. Examples of single celled organisms include bacteria, nostoc, anabaena, oscillatoria and so on
Multicellular organisms: These are living organisms which possess two or more cells. There are many celled organism. Examples include lizard, snake, fish, elephant, man e.t.c
So therefore, during anaphase the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.
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Which vertebrae type is characterized by a large size and wide, kidney-shaped body?.
Answer:
The lumbar vertebrae is characterized by a large size and wide, kidney-shaped body.
Explanation:
The vertebral column is formed of four different types of vertebrae: the cervical vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae, the lumbar vertebrae, and the sacrococcygeal vertebrae, in order from head to hip.
cervical vertebrae They generally have a smaller body and larger vertebral foramen, and are known as the smallest types of vertebrae. Their spinous process is bifid, meaning that the spinous processes are divided into two segments. In the cervical vertebrae, the two segments are unequal.
The thoracic portion of the body contains the rib cage, also the thoracic vertebrae too have undergone a modest alteration to allow for this.
The sacrococcygeal area, which includes the sacrum as well as the coccyx, is frequently examined in connection. The sacrum is typically short and broad in females while it is lengthy and narrow in men. The tail's last remaining piece is the coccyx.
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Olivia wrote a few steps to describe how carbon circulates between the atmosphere and the land.
Step 1. Carbon is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.
Step 2. Carbon is absorbed by plants in the process of photosynthesis.
Step 3. Carbon is stored in plants and stored in the soil when they die.
If step 2 is removed, which statement best describes the effects of this missing step on the carbon cycle?
Olivia wrote a few steps to describe how carbon circulates between the atmosphere and the land.
Step 1. Carbon is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.Step 2. Carbon is absorbed by plants in the process of photosynthesis.Step 3. Carbon is stored in plants and stored in the soil when they die.If step 2 is removed, then that statement best describes the effects of this missing step on the carbon cycle is that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will gradually increase.
Plants use carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere to produce food through the process of photosynthesis by removing step 2, plants will not be able to take up carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and due to this, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase.
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If nucleotides from the dna of a human were quantified and 30 percent of them contained the base adenine, what percentage of them would contain the base guanine?.
The percentage of guanine will be 20%.Cytosine and guanine are found in same amounts, we will truly divide their sum through 2. The very last composition is 22% thymine, 28% cytosine, and 28% guanine.
If 10% of the bases in a molecule of DNA are adenine, then the ratio of adenine to guanine with inside the equal molecule is 1:4.Guanine (G) in DNA is one-to-one coupled to cytosine (C), so that still makes up for 10%. Then there is 80% left for the alternative one-to-one couple: Thymine (T) and adenine (A). So 40% T and 40% A.
The ratio of G+C and A+T is regular for any species Therefore the ratio this is typically regular for a given species is G+C/A+T as defined via way of means of Chargaff's laws.
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What are some p\opportunity cost of greater goverment role in the economy system?
Consumers are unable to purchase what they desire since producers have less control over what they produce.
What is government intervention's opportunity cost in the economy?The value of the resources that could have been employed to produce the things that are produced by the public sector. These resources may be used by individuals and businesses in the private sector if the government did not use them. Importance of opportunity cost to the Government: It aids the government in selecting which sector will receive greater resources. It assists the government in deciding how to distribute its resources to carry out its many programs, such as the allocation of greater funds to infrastructure or defense.Learn more about the opportunity cost with the help of the given link:
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Life is thought to have evolved from complex molecules formed by the interaction of smaller molecules in the oceans and atmosphere. the substance which brought these molecules together to interact is?
Life is thought to have evolved from complex molecules formed by the interaction of smaller molecules in the oceans and atmosphere. the substance which brought these molecules together to interact is water.
What is water?In its gaseous, liquid, and solid states, water is a substance made up of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. It is among the most common and necessary compounds. At room temperature, it is an odorless, tasteless liquid with the significant property of dissolving many other substances.
Two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom make up a water molecule's three atoms. H2O is a common abbreviation for water because of this. Millions of water molecules make up a single drop of liquid.
It functions as a solvent and a delivery system, emulsifying vital vitamins and nutrients in food and supplying them to cells.
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A client with a diagnosis of anemia is receiving packed red blood cells. which nursing action is important when administering the transfusion?
The nursing action that is important when administering the transfusion is Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes.
What is anemia?Anemia is defined as the absence of functional red blood cells in the blood or its drastic reduction following an on going deficiency.
Blood transfusion is the procedure that involves the transfer of blood or blood products from a screened donor to its recipient.
Transfusion reactions are those side effects that a recipient experiences few minutes into transfusion of blood.
Therefore, the nursing action that is important when administering the transfusion is Monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes.
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The coenzymes known as nad , fad and coenzyme a all contain a derivative of _____.
The coenzymes known as NAD, FAD and coenzyme a all contain a derivative of Adenosine.
What is Adenosine?An abundantly found chemical component in nature, adenosine can be found in a variety of derivative forms. The molecule consists of a ribose joined to an adenine by a Beta-N9-glycosidic link. All life depends on adenosine, one of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA and DNA. Deoxyadenosine, an isomer of adenosine, is also a building block of DNA. The energy molecules adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate (AMP/ADP/ATP) are its derivatives.
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A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____. a nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____. dendrites synaptic terminals oligodendrocytes axons nodes of ranvier
A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along dendrites.
A nerve impulse is an electrical charge that is generated as a result of any stimuli that travel along the neuron membrane and is also called an action potential.
The nervous system consists of neurons which are also known as nerve cells that receive sensory signals from the external environment and integrate the input signals and then relay these signals to the target cells and organs. Sensory, motor, and interneurons are the three main types of neurons present in human beings.
Neurons are made up of three main parts which are dendrites, axons, and cell body. The cell body is also called soma.
Dendrites are the receiving part of the neuron and carry the impulses to the cell body by receiving inputs from the axon.
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According to genome analysis, a member of the genus _________ is most closely related to the mitochondrion.
Rickettsia
According to genome analysis, a member of the genus Rickettsia is most closely related to the mitochondrion.
A category of illnesses known as rickettsioses are typically brought on by Rickettsia species, an obligate intracellular bacterial genus. Ticks carry the majority of the Rickettsioses, but fleas, lice, and mites can also carry them.What Rickettsia symptoms are present?Fever, headache, and rash are common symptoms of both parkeri rickettsiosis and RMSF, although the latter also frequently features the formation of an inoculation eschar at the site of tick attachment. Eschar is not frequently present in RMSF patients.How is rickettsia infection spread?The most common way that rickettsiae and rickettsia-like bacteria are transferred from animals to humans is through the bites of ticks, mites, fleas, or lice. Since they transport pathogenic germs from one host to another, ticks, mites, fleas, and lice are referred to as vectors.To learn more about rickettsia visit:
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A mutation that ______ may confer a beneficial trait to a population of organisms, and eventually lead to evolution.
A mutation that increases survival and reproduction may confer a beneficial trait to a population of organisms, and eventually lead to evolution.
In the field of biology, a mutation can be described as a change that arises in the DNA of an organism.
There are numerous reasons for a mutation to occur such as errors during the DNA replication, environmental factors, viral factors etc.
A mutation is not always bad. Sometimes, a mutation can provide an organism with a better trait. A mutation that increases the survival rate or reproduction rate of an organism is considered to be beneficial. Such a mutation when passed on to offspring can lead to evolution over a course of time. In this way, a mutation can result in a beneficial evolutionary process.
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Registration refers to federal pre-marketing approval of biopesticides. what would not be regulated by u.s. environmental protection agency as a biopesticide?
DEET, a popular synthetic insect repellant.
DEET- Numerous repellent products include the active component DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide). It is frequently used to ward off biting insects like ticks and mosquitoes. DEET can be applied to kids of any age, according to the FDA. Since results from studies conducted for product registration reveal no difference in effects between young animals and older animals, there is no restriction on the proportion of DEET in the product for use on children.
Insect Repellant- Products that discourage insects are known as insect repellents. These might be skin care products or items like candles or lanterns with heating mechanisms that release repellents.
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what is a flat representation of the earth's surface
There are more than 6,000 marine-protected areas (mpas) worldwide accounting for approximately ______ percent of the world's surface ocean.
Only 4.8 percent of the global ocean is protected by MPAs, with 2 percent of that total designated as highly or fully protected areas.
What is a Marine Protected Area?An instrument of spatially based management and conservation intended to lessen human impact on populations, communities, and habitats, typically with a fishing-related focus.
In reefal environments, typical bioturbators include crustaceans, annelid worms (polychaetes, oligochaetes, etc.), gastropods, bivalves, holothurians, fish, and numerous other infaunal and epifaunal organisms that feed on, burrow into, and rework sediment particles in the uppermost sediment layers.
The ability of MPAs to safeguard marine ecosystems and other marine resources is constrained, despite their advantages. The percentage of oceans that are protected globally is only about 1%.
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The cells that build new bone and are located in the osteogenic layer of the periosteum are called _____.
The cells that build new bone and are located in the osteogenic layer of the periosteum are called Osteoblasts.
What are Osteoblasts?Osteoblasts may be defined as cuboid-shaped cells that significantly construct the collection of other cells that cover the bone surface. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells. These kinds of cells are emanated from the mesenchymal stem cells of the bone marrow.
The best and most important example can be osteoblast-derived VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) can ameliorate bone repair or during the bone development process. These kinds of cells are most prominent in fetal life and in early childhood.
Therefore, the cells that build new bone and are located in the osteogenic layer of the periosteum are called Osteoblasts.
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Why the preparation of apple juice at high temperature produces a clearer juice compared to at low temperature
The preparation of apple juice at high temperature produces a clearer juice because as the pulp temperature is raised to 55°C for the enzymatic depectinisation treatment.
Pectin, a part of the cell wall of fruits like apples and oranges, is broken down by the enzyme pectinase.
Commercially, pectinase is used to help with fruit juice extraction. It shouldn't be overly finely ground, agitated, or heated to more than 35 C in order to make a highly pressable mash (95 F). When using PECTINASES, the reaction and reaction time are normally 30 to 120 minutes, and the temperature range is kept mild, between 20 and 30 C. This serves in part to prevent complete protopectin hydrolysis. Protopectin binds the cells, and when it is hydrolyzed, the fruit tissue becomes more viscous, less pressable, and less robust. PECTINASE is a great addition to the mill, especially for apples with a soft texture. Pectin esterase and polygalacturonase make up a large portion of PECTINASES made for apple mashes (aka pectin glucosidase). These enzymes significantly lessen the pomace's viscosity and stickiness without influencing or lowering its protopectin content.
Pectinase releases the juice from within the cells by enzymatically dissolving the cell wall. The extracted juice is also clarified using pectinase.
hence this pectin dissolves the pectin and other compounds responsible for cloudy appearances and hence a clear juice is obtained.
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A virus is a cellular agent that possesses membrane-bound organelles. True or false
Answer:
it is false because virus destroy the cellular agent.
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. this information indicates that the infectious agent is a(n):_________
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. this information indicates that the infectious agent is a Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), or Mad Cow Disease.
BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) is a progressive neurological disorder of cattle that results from infection by an unusual transmissible agent called a prion.
What is Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?The progressive neurological disorder known as BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) affects cattle, and its symptoms are comparable to those of scrapie, which affects sheep. Mad cow disease is the name given to BSE. A very unusual infectious agent causes BSE and scrapie, both of which are diseases.
You may notice symptoms like trembling, stumbling, swaying, and behavioural changes like anxiety, aggression, or hysteria. It's possible to notice a loss of weight and a decline in milk production. Rarely will BSE-affected cattle develop an illness overnight. BSE will cause death in all infected cattle.
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All of the following statements regarding the electrical activity of the heart conduction cell are false except?
During repolarization, calcium channels close and voltage-gated potassium channels open is the correct answer.
Repolarization is the change in membrane potential that occurs immediately following the depolarization phase of an action potential, which changes the membrane potential to a positive value, and restores it to a negative one. The membrane potential typically recovers to the resting membrane potential during the repolarization phase. Action potentials enter the falling phase as a result of the outflow of potassium (K+) ions. The K+ channel pore's selectivity filter allows the ions to flow through. The open calcium channels pass more calcium ions when the driving force for calcium entry increases during the repolarization of the AP, which causes an increase in calcium influx.
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The complete question is :
All of the following statements regarding the electrical activity of the heart conduction cell are false except?
A : A plateau is prolonged to ensure repolarization.
B : Depolarization of the nodal cells is due to fast voltage-gated calcium channels.
C : The first event is the result of slow voltage-gated sodium channel changing the resting membrane potential to -40 mV.
D : During repolarization, calcium channels close and voltage-gated potassium channels open.
During osmosis, water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane from the region of higher.
Answer:
During osmosis, water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane from the region of higher free water concentration and lower solute concentration to the side with lower free water concentration and higher solute concentration.
Explanation:
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Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed into each beaker. She put the beakers in different places.
b. In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface. There were not many plants growing below the surface. Suggest a reason for this.
(a) (i) Beaker A showed best growth of waterweed.
(ii) The change in color was due to absence of light which inhibited photosynthesis.
(b) Not many plants grew below the surface in the pond as the large leaves of water lilies covering the surface blocked the entry of light in the water.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is:-
(a) Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed into each beaker. She put the beakers in different places.
i) In which beaker did the waterweed grow best? Give the correct letter.
ii) The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow. Why did this happen?
(b) In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface. There were not many plants growing below the surface. Suggest a reason for this.
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A client suffers from bloody diarrhea after eating contaminated food at a local restaurant. the client has been infected with a(an)?
A client suffers from bloody diarrhea after eating contaminated food at a local restaurant. the client has been infected with a(an) bacteria.
Bacteria are microorganisms that are present everywhere in the environment. A bacteria can be transmitted to a host organism, such as humans, through various means such as food, air, water, other vectors, etc.
In order to stay away from diseases spread by bacteria, it is important to maintain a clean environment. Eating food that is contaminated can cause adverse effects to the body such as food poisoning, diarrhea etc. Before eating food, it should be ensured that the ingredients used are cleaned properly and the food is properly cooked.
Food from local restaurants, where no care for cleanliness is taken, is more prone to be having bacteria growing in the food.
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A package of peanut butter crackers contains 7g of fat, 16g of carbohydrates and 4g of protein. what are the alories for protein?
Protein: 4 x 4 = 16 calories
The number of calories per gram in each macronutrient is as follows: 4 calories are found in carbohydrates, 9 calories from fat, 4 calories in protein.
So on multiplying based on their calories per gram we get:
Calories of each molecule:Fat: 7 x 9 = 63 cal
Carbohydrates: 16 x 4 = 64 cal
Protein: 4 x 4 = 16 cal
Definition of caloriesCalories are the units of energy used by your body during food digestion and absorption. A food might provide your body extra energy if it has more calories. Your body stores extra calories as body fat when you consume more calories than you need. Even foods without fat might have a lot of calories.What kinds of calories are there?Each of the three primary macronutrients we consume—carbohydrates, fats, and proteins—contains calories. The number of calories per gram in each macronutrient is as follows: 4 calories are found in carbohydrates, 9 calories from fat, 4 calories in protein.To learn more about calories visit:
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A form of a gene that has a slightly different sequence than other forms of the same gene but encodes the same type of an rna or protein, is called a(n)?
A form of a gene that has a slightly different sequence than other forms of the same gene but encodes the same type of an RNA or protein, is called a allele.
Allele- One of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a certain genomic region is referred to as an allele. For each given genomic site where such variation exists, an individual receives two alleles, one from every parent. An person is homozygous for an allele if the two copies are identical.
Gene- The fundamental genetic component transferred from parent to child. Genes are composed of DNA sequences and are organized sequentially at specified sites on chromosomes.
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