Read the following prompt and type your response in the space provided.
Choose one of the questions below to answer. Use complete sentences and label which question you are answering.

1.) Psychology has been an area of interest for a very long time but has been recognized as a science since 1879. Explain why it took so long for psychology to be recognized and what things helped it to get recognized.

OR

2.) Explain how the behaviorism, humanism and the social-cultural approaches would explain the increase in the drop out rate of high school students. Make sure that you give each approaches way to explain the behavior.

Chisholm Trail is the this 19th century cattle trail that began in Texas and ended in Kansas. It was named after a man who opened a trading post near Wichita, Kansas and was one of the most traveled cattle routes out of Texas.

It was probably named after Jesse Chisholm, a 19th-century merchant. In 1867, Joseph G. McCoy established a cattle depot in Abilene for the Kansas Pacific Railroad. Between 1867 and 1871, about 1,500,000 cattle were driven north along the road to Abilene, the starting point for sending cattle to the eastern markets. The trail's importance declined after 1871 when another railroad station was built, but increased again in the 1880s when the Santa Fe Railroad reached Caldwell, Kansas. With the establishment of branch lines by the railroad in the late 19th century, long-distance cattle herding gradually declined.

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A person's language's set of common words is known as their vocabulary. A vocabulary is a useful and essential tool for communication and knowledge acquisition that typically develops with age.

The transfer of information is the standard definition of communication. The phrase can either be used to describe the message itself or the area of research known as communication studies that focuses on these transmissions.

There are some differences of opinion regarding the exact definition of communication, such as whether inadvertent or unsuccessful transmissions are included included and if communication creates meaning in addition to transmitting it.

Communication models seek to give a concise overview of its key elements and how they work together. Several models incorporate the notion that a source use a coding scheme to convey information as a message.

The message is transmitted from the source to the receiver via a channel, who must decode it to comprehend what it means.

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Answer:

hoped such an organization would help countries to mediate conflicts before they caused war  or   In the face of Wilson's continued unwillingness to negotiate, the Senate on November 19, 1919, for the first time in its history, rejected a peace treaty.

Explanation:

In January 1919, at the Paris Peace Conference that ended World War I, Wilson urged leaders from France, Great Britain and Italy to come together with leaders of other nations to draft a Covenant of League of Nations. Wilson hoped such an organization would help countries to mediate conflicts before they caused war.

The question of whether the United States was justified in going to war with Mexico in the 1840s is a complex and highly debated issue. One of the main reasons for the conflict was the annexation of Texas by the United States in 1845, which Mexico saw as a violation of its sovereignty. Mexico also claimed that the border between Texas and Mexico was the Nueces River, while the United States claimed it was the Rio Grande. The disagreement over the border led to military skirmishes and eventually, in 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico.

One argument for the justification of the war is the idea of manifest destiny. Which held that the United States was destined to expand its territory and spread its ideals of freedom and democracy. Proponents of manifest destiny saw the annexation of Texas and the conquest of Mexico as necessary steps towards fulfilling this destiny. They also claimed that Mexico was a backwards and uncivilized nation that would benefit from being brought under the control of the United States.

On the other hand, there are many who argue that the United States was not justified in going to war with Mexico. They point out that the annexation of Texas was a violation of Mexican sovereignty and that the United States had no right to take over another country's territory. They also argue that the idea of manifest destiny was a guise for imperialism and territorial expansion. And that the United States was not truly motivated by a desire to spread democracy and freedom.

Another criticism of the war is the treatment of Mexican citizens by the United States during and after the conflict. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the war, forced Mexico to cede a large portion of its territory to the United States. That includes modern-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and parts of Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma. This resulted in the displacement of many Mexican citizens and a long-standing cultural and political conflict between the two countries.

In conclusion, the question of whether the United States was justified in going to war with Mexico is a highly complex and controversial issue. Proponents of the war point to manifest destiny and the idea of spreading democracy and freedom, while critics argue that it was a violation of Mexican sovereignty and an act of imperialism. Regardless of one's stance on the issue, the war had lasting and significant impacts on both the United States and Mexico. And it continues to be a topic of debate and discussion.

Encoding, also known as information transmission, requires a sender to communicate the message through some media. Decoding, also known as receiving information, requires a receiver to receive, interpret, and comprehend the message.

Because an inaccuracy in the amplitude or frequency value would have to be very big to induce a leap to a different value, digital signals are a more trustworthy means of delivering information. Signals have an endless number of potential values. Signals have exactly two potential values: 0 or 1.

Encoding is the process of turning data or a predetermined sequence of letters, symbols, alphabets, and so on into a specific format for safe data transfer. Decoding is the opposite of encoding in that it extracts information from the transformed format.

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XYZ Affair event angered Americans and led to an undeclared naval war with France. In this case Option D is correct

An unofficial, limited war known as the Quasi-War was caused by the XYZ Affair, a diplomatic incident involving French and American diplomats.

With the Convention of 1800, also referred to as the Treaty of Mortefontaine, American and French negotiators brought the world back to peace. The final French Revolutionary administration, the Directory, had trouble funding its European wars in the late 1700s. The fact that the United States and Great Britain had signed the Jay Treaty in 1794 infuriated a lot of leaders.

As a result, in 1796, French authorities decided to issue a decree authorizing the seizure of American merchant ships, carefully timed to catch as many people off guard as possible. Elbridge Gerry, Charles Cotesworth, and John Adams sent three American envoys to France to mend fences between the two countries.

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This event angered Americans and led to an undeclared naval war with France.

The U.S. Constitution has been successful in protecting the rights of citizens, as evidenced by the document's language, its amendments, and the Supreme Court's decisions. The language of the Constitution establishes a government based on the rule of law and the protection of individual rights, while the amendments extend those protections to all citizens regardless of race, gender, or religion.

The Supreme Court has been the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution, ruling on cases which further protect citizens' rights, such as Roe v. Wade, which legalized abortion and safeguarded the autonomy of individuals over their own bodies. Thus, the U.S. Constitution has been successful in protecting the rights of citizens.

The success of the U.S. Constitution in protecting citizens' rights can be seen in the document itself. For example, the 5th Amendment states that no one can be "deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." This language protects citizens by ensuring that the government cannot simply take away a person's rights without legal justification.

Additionally, the 14th Amendment guarantees equal protection of the laws to all citizens, regardless of race, gender, or religion. This amendment has been used to protect citizens from laws that violate their rights and to ensure that all citizens are treated equally under the law.

The Supreme Court has also played an important role in protecting citizens' rights. The court's decisions, such as Roe v. Wade, have helped to ensure that individuals' rights are respected, even in cases where the law might not recognize them.

In Roe v. Wade, the court ruled that a woman's right to privacy extended to her decision to have an abortion, protecting her autonomy over her own body. This decision ensured that women could make their own decisions about their reproductive health, a right which had not previously been recognized.

Opponents of this claim may argue that the U.S. Constitution has not been successful in protecting citizens' rights, citing examples such as the current debate over gun control. While it is true that the legal framework of the Constitution may be inadequate in some areas, it is important to remember that the Supreme Court has interpreted the document in ways that have further protected citizens' rights.

For example, the court has consistently affirmed the right to bear arms in cases such as District of Columbia v. Heller, while also upholding reasonable restrictions on that right. Thus, while the legal framework of the Constitution has been successful in protecting citizens' rights, the Supreme Court has been the ultimate guardian of those rights, ruling on cases in a way that furthers their protection.

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Here are a handful of the many potential approaches to enhance the legislative branch of the American federal government:

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Political, economic, and social change resulted from people from all over the world challenging established political systems. The concepts of the Enlightenment had a direct impact on the beginning of many of the following Revolutions!

The British colonies in North America overthrew the British Empire during the American Revolution. As part of its ongoing struggle with France for supremacy in the Seven Years' War, Great Britain was extending its influence over North America. Wars cost money, and the Seven Years' War escalated British debts to the point where Great Britain had to impose taxes on her colonies in North America. Although the colonies were accustomed to the home country leaving them alone, the additional taxes infuriated the residents. The colonists initially desired representation in Parliament to affect tax.

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After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II. In order to treat infectious diseases on the front lines, the U.S. military required penicillin.

In 1943, the nation produced 231 billion units, or 85% of the country's total production during the war. In 1944, 1,633 billion units were produced through the use of efficient methods for mass production, and in 1945, 7,952 billion units were produced.

The production of penicillin increased in size. The primary factor that contributed to the Great Depression's end Work in war-related industries attracted a lot of unemployed individuals.

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They favoured the enhancement of individual liberties, strong state governments, term limits for public officials, and the accountability of public officials to popular majorities.

The Anti-Federalists resisted the governmental takeover of power. The president's excessive power was the main criticism of the executive branch raised by the majority of Anti-Federalists during the ratification discussions.

Antifederalists claimed that the President became an elected monarch, that cabals would form to assure his reelection, and that presidential democratic legitimacy would be misused during the ratification debates. Federalists believed that stronger state-to-state ties and the creation of a "more cohesive society," as the Constitution expressed it, would result from a stronger central authority.

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The extent to which the French Revolution was an effort to establish an enlightenment-based government from 1789 to the reign of terror is unclear.

With civil war spreading from the Vendée and enemy forces approaching France on all sides, the Revolutionary government made the decision to implement "Terror" as the rule of the day (decree of September 5), as well as to impose severe punishments on anyone believed to be Revolutionary opponents (nobles, priests, and hoarders).

The High Enlightenment's goal of overthrowing the established order in order to remake society along rational lines was realized in the French Revolution of 1789, but it quickly devolved into a bloody terror that exposed the flaws in its own assumptions and paved the way for Napoleon's rise a decade later.

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Answer:

The US government justified the forced internment of Japanese Americans during World War II by claiming it was necessary to prevent espionage and protect against sabotage. The government also argued that Japanese Americans posed a security threat due to their cultural and racial differences.

Explanation:

The US government's justification for the forced internment of Japanese Americans during World War II was primarily based on the assumption that Japanese Americans posed a threat to national security. Although there was no evidence of widespread sabotage or espionage, the US government was motivated by fear and prejudice towards the Japanese, which was further exacerbated by the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 in February 1942, authorizing the Secretary of War to establish military areas for the removal of persons deemed to be a threat to national security. This order was used to forcibly relocate more than 120,000 Japanese Americans from the West Coast to isolated camps in the interior of the country.

The government’s justification for this order was that the “needs of national security” outweighed the Japanese Americans’ civil liberties. The government argued that the Japanese Americans’ loyalty to the US was in question, and it was believed that they would pose a potential threat to national security if they were not interned. The government also argued that in order to protect American citizens, the Japanese Americans should be removed from the West Coast to prevent potential espionage or sabotage.

The Supreme Court upheld the government’s decision in the case of Korematsu v. United States, ruling that the need to protect the nation outweighed the individual rights of Japanese Americans. Despite this ruling, many historians and civil rights activists have condemned the internment of Japanese Americans as a violation of their civil rights and a dark chapter in US history.

1. Identification

What should the person named in the case do about giving out free samples to customers at a grocery store?

2. Research

The legality of giving out free samples: This topic would be appropriate to research because the person named in the case needs to know if giving out free samples is allowed by law and if there are any regulations that need to be followed.

The impact on the grocery store's finances: This topic would be appropriate to research because the person needs to understand if giving out free samples will affect the store's financial stability and if it is a sustainable practice.

The customer's perception of the store: This topic would be appropriate to research because the person needs to understand how customers will perceive the store if free samples are given out. Will it increase customer loyalty or will it decrease customer trust in the store's products?

3. Analysis:

Photo Provided

The best conclusion that can be drawn from this painting is the french revolution saw an eruption of popular violence.

The Estates General in 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution, which lasted until the establishment of the French Consulate in November 1799. During this time, France saw a significant political and social change.

The image shows the use of popular violence by the French to get their revolution.

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Historians often try to learn about a particular historical event by studying the artwork of the period. What is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this painting?

Much of northern Mesoamerica was occupied by the Aztec Empire (c. 1345–1521) at its height. Aztec warriors had the power to subjugate their neighbouring states, allowing tyrants like Montezuma to impose Aztec beliefs and values throughout Mexico.

The final of the major Mesoamerican civilizations was notable for its art and architecture as well as its prowess in agriculture and trade. The most thorough documentation of any Mesoamerican civilization comes from the Aztec civilization, which had its capital city at Tenochtitlán. This documentation comes from archaeology, native books (codices), and lengthy, in-depth accounts from the Spanish conquerors, both military men and Christian clergy. Although these latter sources may not always be trustworthy, the information we know about the Aztecs, their institutions, religious practises and warfare, is mostly accurate.

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Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following except (A) open diplomacy. Open diplomacy is nongovernmental, informal, and involves unofficial interactions and activities between private citizens or groups of individuals, also known as non-state actors.

On January 8, 1918, President Wilson, in his address to a common session of the United States Congress, formulated under 14 separate heads his ideas of the essential nature of a post-World War I agreement. The textbook of the Fourteen Points is as follows

The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace accommodations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war points and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson.

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World War I begins when Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia on July 28, 1914, officially starting the First World War one month and one day after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife were murdered in Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist.

It becomes the world's most destructive and pervasive conflict, known as the Great War. The Allies (mainly France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers battled it (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). Fighting took place in several parts of Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe. While 5 million people perished as a result of military action, famine, and illness, 9 million troops are estimated to have died in battle and another 23 million were injured. While the 1918 Spanish flu epidemic was made worse by the movement of soldiers throughout the war, millions more people perished as a result of genocide.

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Nonetheless, fieldwork was typically divided along gender lines, with more physically taxing duties being given to Men gangs, especially on bigger farms and plantations.

Males might, for instance, cut the wood for a fence while women were assigned to build it. Typically, men hoed while women ploughed the fields. Motherhood was a woman's principal social function in Africa. This feature of African womanhood was lowered under slavery. While giving birth to a child in Africa was a milestone that boosted women's dignity, under the American plantation system that emerged around the middle of the eighteenth century, the master benefited financially since it expanded the size of his labour force.

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In the movements of Civil rights, women rights and world peace,  Mary Church Terrell has always been

A very forceful leader in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century.

In the book a colored women In the white world, she describes the important people and events of her life.

She was one of the most remarkable women of the nineteenth century, being active in both the civil rights movement and the campaign for women, she became the leading spokesperson of the National American women suffrage Association.

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A loosely defined political movement of people and organizations that aimed to change the social and political landscape of America.

• Women must assume enough authority in the public realm to alter political climate and cultural stereotypes.

• By voting, women, who were previously prohibited from doing so until 1945, altered the political scene.

• A minority administration would alter the political environment.

• The political scene is dominated by enormous, bureaucratic entities.

These pundits contend that the decline in morality that began in the 1960s has had a long-lasting impact on society.

• One of the most noticeable aspects of the political scene at the start of 1996 is this divide.

His statements altered the political environment.

• They are reshaping the political landscape in the name of democracy in order to marginalize democracy.

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The founding fathers recognized that the constitution includes defects that would need to be addressed as society evolved and time passed. The founding fathers understood that there would be defects and weaknesses in the construction of the federal government, and there was no way they could predict all of the republic's future demands.

They believed that a lengthy and complicated amendment process would help to create stability in the United States. Because altering the Constitution is so difficult, most changes are irreversible. An amendment becomes a part of the Constitution after it is ratified.

Constitutions must be amended throughout time in order to fix deficient provisions and adapt to new needs, such as expanding rights. The text of a constitution cannot otherwise reflect social circumstances and political necessities throughout time.

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Imperialism was a proper and legal policy for the United States to follow at the turn of the nineteenth century due to the country’s goal of expanding its power and influence in the world.

Generally, By setting up colonies and protectorates in other lands, the US could gain access to new resources, markets, and military bases. It could also gain political and economic leverage over weaker countries, allowing it to protect its own interests.

Furthermore, imperialism was seen as a way to spread American values, such as democracy and capitalism, to other parts of the world. Imperialism was also seen as a way to bring the benefits of civilization to the “uncivilized” or “backward” parts of the world.

It was seen as a moral imperative for the US to bring its values and way of life to the world. In this sense, imperialism was seen as a proper and legal policy for the US to follow at the turn of the nineteenth century.

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Imperialism is viewed by some as a means of expanding American influence and spreading American values, while others saw it as a violation of the sovereignty and rights of colonized peoples and nations.

Imperialism can be seen as a proper and legal policy for a country to follow if it is based on the idea of manifest destiny, the belief that a nation has the divine right to expand its territory and spread its ideas and values to other regions.

At the turn of the 19th century, the United States saw itself as a rapidly growing industrial power and sought to expand its influence and secure markets for its goods. Some saw imperialism as a way to spread American values and ideas, such as democracy and capitalism, to other regions and to secure markets for American goods.

In terms of legality, the U.S. government justified its imperialistic actions through various treaties and agreements with other countries, such as the Treaty of Paris in 1898, which ended the Spanish-American War and resulted in the acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

These actions were also supported by the Supreme Court's decision in the Insular Cases, which held that territories acquired by the U.S. were unincorporated and therefore not subject to the full protections of the Constitution.

In conclusion, whether imperialism was a proper and legal policy for the United States to follow at the turn of the 19th century depends on one's political and moral perspective. Some saw it as a means of expanding American influence and spreading American values, while others saw it as a violation of the sovereignty and rights of colonized peoples and nations.

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Answer:

Explanation:

D

The bay of Pigs invasion was a military operation that took place at the south western coast of Cuba that was covertly directed by The United States. However this Military operation was a failure.

During December 1958, the American business was nationalized by Castro. It included everything from banks, oil refineries, to  coffee and sugar productions. So that they cN formally close relations between Cuba, and the United States.

Because they had to reach out its cold war rival, The soviet Union. However CIA the Central Intelligence Agency began planning to overthrow  Castro, which the US president Dwight D. Also approved of.

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Answer:

The pursuit of knowledge and truth