Newborns' immunity due to the transfer of antibodies across the placenta is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity.
In the field of biology, passive immunity can be described as a type of immunity in which antibodies from another source are given in order to produce an immune response in an individual. A natural acquired passive immunity is a kind of passive immunity in which the antibodies are produces inside another person rather than synthesized in a lab.
As a baby in the womb cannot initially make its own antibodies, the igG antibodies are transported from the mother through the placenta to the child in order to generate an immune response.
As the newborn receives antibodies of the mother which are naturally produced by the mothers body, hence such a kind of immunity in the newborn is an example of naturally acquired passive immunity.
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The scientific definition of ______ refers to changes in a species or population over time. systematics genetics evolution biology
The scientific definition of evolution refers to changes in a species or population over time.
Evolution is a long-term process. It may take millions of years and several generation for an evolution to occur. The cause of evolution can be genetic as well as environmental. The evolution is a result of mutation. Evolution generally gives rise to new species, that is different from its ancestral population.
Population is a group of similar type of organisms. These organisms live in the same habitat, require same resources and have same kind of habits. The most essential criteria that defines a population is that the organisms of a population can mate with each other and produce offspring.
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Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from ancient bacteria. which characteristics of a free-living bacteria have mitochondria lost over time?
Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from ancient bacteria. Free-living bacteria have lost motility in mitochondria over time.
What is endosymbiosis?Endosymbiosis is the term used when one organism truly lives inside the other. According to the endosymbiotic theory, it is simple for a big host cell and ingested bacteria to become dependent on one another for survival and develop a long-term bond. Due to their increased specialization through millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts can no longer survive outside of cells. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are remarkably similar to bacterial cells. They have unique DNA that is distinct from the DNA found in the cell's nucleus. Additionally, these organelles synthesize numerous proteins and enzymes necessary for their functions using DNA. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane, which is additional proof that each was ingested by a primitive host. Similar to bacteria, the two organelles also divide by themselves and replicate their own DNA.Learn more about the endosymbiosis with the help of the given link:
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True or false: once glucose, galactose, and fructose enter the absorptive cells, they are transported to the portal vein and then to the liver.
It is true that once glucose, galactose, and fructose enter the absorptive cells, they are transported to the portal vein and then to the liver.
Absorptive cells are also known as enterocytes. These cells line the lumen of the small intestine and the colon. They are meant to absorb the nutrients from the digested food inside the lumen of intestine. Apart from absorption, they also transport the nutrients across the membrane.
Portal vein is the blood vessel that transports blood from the GI tract, pancreas, gall bladder and spleen into the liver. This blood vessels belongs to the portal venous system. Its location is the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.
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All of the carbohydrates in the plasma membrane face the cell exterior. which direction do the carbohydrates on internal cell membranes face?
The direction the monolayer will face will be established randomly. All of the carbohydrates in the plasma membrane face the cell exterior.
What are carbohydrates?Sugar molecules make up what is known as a carb. The three primary nutrients present in foods and beverages are proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are converted to glucose by your body. Your body's cells, tissues, and organs primarily use glucose, also known as blood sugar, as a source of energy.
Bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks, corn, and cherry pie are just a few examples of foods high in carbohydrates, both healthy and unhealthy. A variety of forms are also available for them. Sugars, fibres, and starches are the three most prevalent and plentiful forms.
Due to their longer sugar molecules, which take longer for the body to break down, complex carbohydrates are regarded as "good" carbohydrates.
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Calculate the percentage ionization in these amino acid side chains at the ph values specified:
i. aspartate at ph 5.4
ii. glutamate at ph 11.8
iii. histidine at ph 8.0
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and pKa can be used to determine the % ionization if it is assumed that the amino and carboxyl groups are not preventing ionization.
aspartate at ph 5.4 = 98.3%glutamate at ph 11.8 = 100%histidine at ph 8.0 = 99%Henderson-Hasselbalch equation- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation to determine the pH of a solution. Knowing the pH of a solution is particularly significant for many chemical processes as well as for biological systems. The estimated pH value of a buffer solution may be determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
pH- A solution's acidity or alkalinity may be determined based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, or pH. Typically, the pH scale runs from 0 to 14.
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1 Identify the tonicity of each cell.
2 Identify where the concentration is highest in each cell
3 Tell the rate of movement in each cell
4 Explain the factors that could be causing the changes in tonicity.
Please Help ASAP,
1) The first cell is in a hypertonic solution, the second cell is in isotonic solution while the third cell is in hypertonic solution.
2) The concentration is highest in the first cell.
3) There is movement of water out from the first cell, there is no net movement of water in the second cell and there is movement of water into the third cell.
4) Increase in solute concentration.
What is cell tonicity?Cell tonicity is defined as the effects of extracellular solution on the osmotic gradients that us formed against cells that are associated with them.
There are different types of cell tonicity which include the following:
Hypertonic solution: This is the solution that contains more solutes than the solvent of the solution leading to the movement of water from the cell to the outside extracellular solution. It causes shrinking of the cell.Isotonic solution: The net solute concentration of the extracellular solution is the same with the cells.Hypotonic solution: This is the solution that contains less solutes than the solvent of the solution leading to the movement of water from the extracellular solution into the cell. It causes swelling the cell.Learn more about cell here:
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Write one paragraph below describing your thoughts regarding the dihydrogen monoxide
Answer:
it is a bad an in appropriate way of pollution
Explanation:
hydrogen monoxide know as c0 which also means toxic
it is harmful to the body health and this is caused by irregular dispose of waste to the atmosphere
The intellectual trait that is the opposite of intellectual empathy is? intellectual cowardice. intellectual narrow-mindedness. intellectual humility. intellectual autonomy.
The opposite of intellectual empathy is intellectual narrow mindedness.
What does intellectual empathy mean?Intellectual empathy involves the ability to imaginatively put oneself in the place of others in order to genuinely understand them .
Example of intellectual empathy is when an individual achieves intellectual empathy when they actively put themselves in someone else's shoes in terms of how they think and feel.
It's opposite is is intellectual narrow mindedness . It is thinking centered on self .
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Composed principally of amino acids, ______ act as biological catalysts, facilitating metabolic activities of the cell.
Composed principally of amino acids, enzymes act as biological catalysts which facilitate the metabolic activities of the cell.
What are enzymes?Enzymes may be defined as biocatalysts that significantly increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the overall process. It may be thought that all cellular reactions and processes are mediated by enzymes.
Most of the enzymes are proteins which are known as the polymers of amino acids. Due to the presence of amino acids in their structure, enzymes are highly specific. Enzymes significantly exhibit enormous power.
Therefore, composed principally of amino acids, enzymes act as biological catalysts which facilitate the metabolic activities of the cell.
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Which epithelium is best suited for resisting abrasion and preventing pathogen entry into deeper tissues?
Epithelial cells best suited for resisting abrasion and preventing pathogen entry into deeper tissues are stratified squamous epithelial cells.
Stratified cells are layered cells, squamous cells are flat and epithelial cells are covering cells. Therefore, stratified squamous epithelial cells are flattened, layered covering cells arranged on a basement membrane.
Stratified squamous epithelial cells have very little to no intercellular spaces which prevent pathogen from passing through and entering into the deeper tissues. They are well suited for resisting abrasion because the uppermost layers are subsequently sloughed off and replaced before the basement membrane is exposed. These types of cells form the outermost layer of the skin.
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Immune system cells differentiate healthy versus unhealthy cells in the body by examining the ______.
Immune system cells differentiate healthy versus unhealthy cells in the body by examining the glycocalyx part of the cell.
What is Glycocalyx?The Glycocalyx may be defined as a coat that significantly covers the outside of organisms such as bacteria. It is composed or made up of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and polysaccharides.
The major function of the glycocalyx found on the bacteria is that it is like a protective coat that forms the protection for the bacterial cell from the host reactor, which mediates the part of the immune system.
Therefore, the glycocalyx is the part of the cell that plays an essential role in the immune system while differentiating healthy versus unhealthy cells.
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Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by multiple means. a common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is?
Answer:
Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by multiple means. a common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is calcium.
Explanation:
A frequent paraneoplastic illness called hypercalcemia or the higher level of calcium that can affect up to 10% of people who have advanced neoplasms. The much more important cause of this illness is a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), which is a paraneoplastic protein. The abnormal synthesis of parathyroid hormone as well as parathyroid hormone frequently results in hypercalcemia, which raises the blood calcium content and causes bone breakage. a, different types of cancers are caused by paraneoplastic syndromes like breast cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer and ovarian cancer etc. The doctor will have to perform a physical examination and request blood tests to identify paraneoplastic syndrome of something like the nervous system.
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Tempo is the rhythm with which the load is moved during a repetition, and affects which metric?
Tempo is the rhythm with which the weight is moved at some point of repetition and influences the intensity. Rhythm is the sample of sound, silence, and emphasis in a song. performed, musical rhythm additionally stipulates how lengthy they may be performed and with what intensity.
Metric modulation is a extrade in pulse rate (tempo) and/or pulse grouping (subdivision) that's derived from a notice cost or grouping heard earlier than the extrade.
Examples of metric modulation can also additionally encompass adjustments in time signature throughout an unchanging tempo, however the idea applies extra in particular to shifts from one time signature/tempo (metre) to another, in which a notice cost from the primary is made equal to a notice cost with inside the second, like a pivot or bridge.
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Systemic blood pressure is determined by which factor(s)? (select all that apply.)
The factors of systemic blood pressure are,
-Heart rate
-Stroke volume
-Cardiac output
-Systemic vascular resistance
What causes systemic blood pressure?
Constriction of the tiny arteries is typically what raises systemic (or body) blood pressure (arterioles). As a result, the peripheral resistance to blood flow rises, increasing the stress on the heart and elevating arterial pressure. Both the greatest (Systolic) and lowest (Diastolic) points of blood pressure are recorded.
In most cases, systemic hypertension goes unnoticed. The disease is sometimes referred to as the silent killer because of this. You can only detect hypertension if you have your blood pressure monitored.
In the event that hypertension becomes an emergency, defined as a systolic pressure of 180 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 120 mm Hg or higher.
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What adaptation is commonly found in organisms of deep pelagic and benthic communities?
Gigantism is the adaptation commonly found in organisms of deep pelagic and benthic communities.
What is adaptation?The biological process through which organisms adapt to new surroundings or modifications in their present settings is known as adaptation in evolutionary theory. Even while adaptation was a topic of discussion among scientists before the 1800s, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace did not create the idea of natural selection until then.
Wallace thought that adaptation of organisms to shifting environmental conditions was somehow related to the evolution of species. Wallace and Darwin both went beyond basic adaptation when formulating the notion of evolution by natural selection by describing how organisms adapt and evolve.
According to the theory of natural selection, features that may be handed down enable animals to adapt to their environment more effectively than other members of their own species. As a result, the species evolves because it can survive and reproduce better than other members of the species.
Therefore, gigantism is an adaptation found in deep pelagic and benthic communities.
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When 2 or more plant proteins are combined to compensate for deficiencies in essential amino acid content in each protein, the proteins are called:_________
When 2 or more plant proteins are combined to compensate for deficiencies in essential amino acid content in each protein, the proteins are called Complementary protein
What is a Protein ?Amino acids, the numerous subunits that make up proteins, bind together in a certain sequence to specify a protein's function. There are 20 amino acids, some of which the body cannot produce. These must be ingested through food since they are considered necessary.
Incomplete proteins from two or more foods can be combined to create complementary proteins, which can supply enough of each of the required amino acids. As long as the day's meals have all the complementary proteins, they do not necessarily need to be consumed simultaneously.Learn more about Protein here:
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What is the difference between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura and peritoneum?
Answer:
The difference between the visceral and parietal layers of pleura and peritoneum is:
Explanation:
The main differentiation between both visceral as well as parietal is that the former forms one of the 2 layers of the serosa that covers the organs, whilst the latter forms the second layer which lines the body cavity's walls. As a result, structures connected to organs are referred to as visceral, whereas those attached to the wall of most of the body cavity are called parietal.
The anatomical phrases visceral as well as parietal are used to characterise the serous membrane's components and structures. The walls of the whole organs in the thoracic as well as abdominopelvic cavities are often covered by a thin membrane called the serosa.
Aside from that, the pericardium, pleura, as well as peritoneum are indeed the serous membranes connected to the 3 serous chambers in the human body.
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Organic compounds that are required in small quantities belong to which class of nutrients? trace minerals proteins vitamins lipids
Organic compounds that are required in small quantities belong to a class of nutrients known as Vitamins. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
What are Vitamins?Vitamins may be defined as the type of organic molecules that are significantly essential for the normal growth, development, and nutrition of an individual. These molecules are required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.
The functions of the vitamins are as follows:
Support the body in maintaining good and proper health.Play an important role in the repairing of tissues.Ability to conflict against aging and sensescence.The proper development and maintenance of new cells.These organic molecules definitely keep bones, teeth, nails, etc. healthy.Therefore, vitamins are the organic compounds that are required in small quantities and belongs to a class of nutrients. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.
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During a muscle contraction, muscle fibers shorten when _____.
myosin heads rotate when they attach to actin, causing the myosin filaments to fold in the middle.
HELP ME ASP I WILL GIVE YOU BRAINLEST AND MORE POINTS
Answer:
The answer is the nucleus,
Explanation:
Can I have brainliest? It would help me out, if not thanks anyways! Hope this helped and have a nice day!
Which method would be best when doing a study on the genetic propensity for cancer in a given population?
Genealogical method would be best when doing a study on the genetic propensity for cancer in a given population.The genealogical technique is a well-mounted technique in ethnography.
The technique owes its foundation from the ee-e book of British ethnographer W. H. R. Rivers titled "Kinship and Social Organisation" in 1911. Genealogical evaluation has confirmed a beneficial technique to recognize the origins and frequencies of hereditary sicknesses in lots of populations.
This sort of evaluation is primarily based totally on records that offer genealogical hyperlinks among people in a given population, via their ancestors who have been diagnosed in the course of the development of the genealogies. It can yield precious facts approximately the shape of the population, consisting of kinship and inbreeding levels.
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Mutations are changes in the DNA of an organism. Changes caused by mutations can affect the structure and function of different
proteins in the body. Three changes caused by mutations are described below:
• Having two different-colored eyes is caused by a mutation that results in increased or decreased pigmentation in one of the
eyes. While this mutation affects the coloration of the eye, it does not affect how the eye functions.
• Cystic fibrosis is caused by the mutation of a protein in the lungs that causes a sticky mucus to build up in the lung tissue. This
build up of mucus can make it difficult for a person to breathe.
• Bone density can be affected by a mutation. This mutation can cause very dense bones that are almost unbreakable.
What is true about mutations in organism?
A. Changes caused by mutations always have negative effects on an organism.
B. Changes caused by mutations can be harmful, beneficial, or neutral to an organism.
C. Changes caused by mutations always have positive effects on an organism.
D. Changes caused by mutations never have an effect on an organism's cells.
?
Changes caused by mutations can be harmful, beneficial, or neutral to an organism.
The outcome of a mutation, or alteration in the DNA structure. Mutations can have a wide range of impacts, from being advantageous to having no effect to having fatal consequences, and everything in between.The majority of mutations on the organism they occur in have neither good nor bad effects. Neutral mutations are the name given to these mutations.Some mutations benefit the organism in which they take place. They are known as advantageous mutations. They result in novel protein variants that aid organisms in adjusting to environmental changes.Any arbitrary alteration to a gene's DNA is likely to produce a protein that performs improperly or not at all. Such alterations are probably detrimental.Therefore, option B. is correct.
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An example of a(n) ______ cross is the mating of two rats that both contain the alleles ff for fur color. this cross is made to examine which of two fur colors their offspring will have.
An example of a monohybrid cross is the mating of two rats that both contain the alleles ff for fur color.
What is a monohybrid cross?A monohybrid cross is a hybrid cross between two species that only have a difference of one gene.
In other words, a monohybrid cross is the hybrid of two individuals with homozygous genotypes which result in the opposite phenotype for a certain genetic trait.
According to this question, two rats that both contain the alleles ff for fur color are crossed. This shows that only one gene is involved, hence, cross involving only one gene is called monohybrid.
Note that, this is opposed to a dihybrid cross that involves two different gene locus.
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How do doctors estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?
The doctors estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss using the rule of nines.
The rule of nines is a technique a doctor and other emergency unit caregivers used to estimate the degree of burns in the body of a person. This was discovered by Dr. Wallace thus also referred as Wallace rule of nines. The doctor would examine the patient with burns and quickly calculate the degree of burns by adding burns in specific areas of the body.
Here are some of the calculation of the rule the burns in arms including the hands constitutes 9%, front of the body 18%, genitalia 1%, head and neck 9%, legs constitutes 18% and back of the body also makes up for 18%.
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Alcoholic fermentation:__________
a. is carried out by yeasts.
b. produces far less atp than aerobic respiration.
c. all answers are correct.
d. produces ethanol.
e. produces carbon dioxide.
Option(c)All the answers are correct is the right answer.
We can observe that alcoholic fermentation is carried out by yeasts and they produce ethanol and carbon dioxide. Then we can observe that they also also produce far less ATP than aerobic respiration during alcoholic fermentation and this makes all the given answers are correct.
What is the fermentation of alcohol process?Alcoholic fermentation is a sophisticated biochemical procedure in which yeasts transform carbohydrates into ethanol, carbon dioxide, and other metabolic byproducts that affect the meals' chemical make-up and sensory qualities.What does alcoholic fermentation look like in practice?The process of utilizing yeasts to turn sugars into alcohol is known as alcoholic fermentation. Higher-ABV beverages can be made from already-fermented base items through the distillation process. (For instance, distilling beer wort yields whiskey, whereas distilling wine yields brandy.)Which enzyme causes the fermentation of alcohol?An enzyme complex called zymase is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Yeasts naturally contain it.To learn more about alcoholic fermentation visit:
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Why is it important that scientists collect and organize information in an orderly way?
Answer: This is important because without organization the scientist could very likely and easily make mistakes in the future.
Explanation: For example, if later the scientist decided to do an experiment based on the information he collected earlier, but the information was not organized and he couldn't remember what the information meant then he couldn't perform the experiment effectively, with precision, or even at all.
What were the three key observations made by darwin that allowed him to deduce that natural selection is a primary driver of evolution?.
Organisms produce more offspring than survive, variation exists among members of populations, and advantageous variations increase in relative frequency over time.
Darwin located that unique types of animals had changes that made them higher ideal to their environments. Darwin's observations that caused his principle of herbal choice such as Overproduction in which all species will produce greater offspring than will live to tell the tale to adulthood. Variation ,there are versions among participants of the equal species. Adaptation that have tendencies that growth suitability to a species' surroundings might be handed on
One key statement Darwin made befell even as he became analyzing the specimens from the Galapagos Islands. He observed the finches at the island had been just like the finches from the mainland.
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The concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is related to the location of other phenomenon is known as:__________
How are bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses distinguished on the basis of structure?
Bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses are distinguished on the basis of a structure by the three-domain system.
Three-domain system is a classification system in which cellular life is classified into three types which are archaea, bacteria, and eukarya domain.
Archaea are organisms that are made up of cells that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles which means that they are prokaryotic.
The domain bacteria differs from archaea in the composition of the cell wall and cell membrane in that the cell wall of bacteria consists of peptidoglycan while the cell walls of archaea do not consist of peptidoglycan. The lipids in the membrane of archaea are enclosed with hydrocarbons, unlike the bacteria in which lipids are enclosed with fatty acids.
Fungi and algae are included in the domain eukarya since they consist of a membrane-bound nucleus and hence are eukaryotic. Fungi and algae differ in cell structure in that the cells of algae have a single nucleus while the cells of fungi are multinucleated.
Viruses are not considered a part of any of the domains since viruses are not made of cells and they don't have the capability to perform any metabolic function. They remain inactive outside the host cell.
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In a nucleic acid polymer, the bonds that help to hold double-stranded regions together occur between what parts of the nucleotide monomers?.
The bonds that help to hold double-stranded regions together occur between nitrogenous bases in a nucleic acid polymer.
A linear polymer (strand) of nucleotides that make up a nucleic acid. Each nucleotide is made up of three parts: a pentose sugar, an acidic phosphate group, and a purine or pyrimidine nucleobase (also known as nitrogen base or simply base). A nucleoside refers to a substructure consisting of a nucleobase and a sugar. The types of nucleic acids differ in the structure of the sugars within the nucleotides. DNA contains 2'-deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains ribose (the only difference being the presence of the hydroxyl group).Adenine, cytosine, and guanine are found in both RNA and DNA, while thymine and uracil are found in only one of the two types of nucleic acids. In nucleic acids, sugars and phosphates are linked.Therefore, the correct answer is nitrogenous bases.
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