Reagent used:
Malachite green (primary stain)
Distilled water works as a decolorizer.
Safranin (counterstain)
Procedure
Take a glass slide that has been well cleaned and sterilized.Using an inoculating loop, apply a small amount of bacterial culture on the glass slide to prepare the smear.Fixing the smear with heat requires rotating the glass slide back and forth over the flame of a Bunsen burner.A blotting paper the size of a glass slide should be placed and saturated with the principal stain, malachite green.For up to 5 minutes, steam the wet blotting paper. You can adjust the amount of colour added during this phase to meet your needs.Rinse the glass slide in water to clean it.Counterstaining: Cover the glass slide completely with counterstain (safranin), let it sit for one minute, and then wash it off.Result
Endospores are either green or maintain the original stain's (malachite green) color. Vegetative cells, in contrast, shed the primary stain and take on the color of the counterstain (safranin) or appear pink in color.
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Ecological balance is the goal that assumes _______________ can achieve balanced economic conditions while maintaining a sustainable, living, planet.
Ecological balance is the goal that assumes the global economy can achieve balanced economic conditions while maintaining a sustainable, living, planet.
Global financial system may be described because the sum of sports that take location each inside a rustic and among exceptional international locations. Each u . s . a . is a separate unit, with its personal business production, exertions market, monetary market, sources and environment.
This availability of sources is facilitated via trade. Globalization decreases the price of manufacturing. This method that groups can provide items at a decrease rate to consumers. The common price of products is a key issue that contributes to will increase with inside the fashionable of living. Consumers additionally have get admission to to a greater diversity of products.
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Tay-sachs disease results from a build up of lipid waste in nerve cells. the organelle in these cells that is lacking a specific type of lipid-digesting enzyme :____________.
There is an accumulation of lipid waste in nerve cells, which causes Tay-Sachs disease. Lysosomes are the organelle in these cells that lacks a certain kind of lipid-digesting enzyme.
Describe organelles:Inside cells, organelles are specialized structures that carry out a variety of tasks. Similar to how organs like the heart, liver, stomach, and kidneys serve specific roles to keep an organism alive, organelles provide specific functions to keep a cell alive.
What kind of organelle is that?The nucleus (a structure that houses the cell's chromosomes and is where RNA is generated), mitochondria (structures that produce energy for the cell), and lysosomes are examples of organelles (enzymes that help the cell digest and recycle molecules are contained in sac-like structures). cells that make up.
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The concept that human and animal diseases are caused by microorganisms is called the:________
The concept that human and animal diseases are caused by microorganisms is called the germ theory
In medicine, germ theory is the belief that certain illnesses are caused by the body's attack by micro - organisms that are too small to see without a microscope.
The germ theory of disease indicates that micro - organisms like viruses, protozoa, bacteria, or fungi cause many diseases. The growth and reproduction of microorganisms cause these diseases.
Louis Pasteur developed the germ theory of disease. He also carried out a number of experiments to demonstrate the link between diseases and microorganisms.
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Describe the functions of the brain and the spinal cord. how are these functions similar? how are these functions dissimilar?
Brain- The brain is a sophisticated organ that manages every bodily function as well as cognition, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, respiration, temperature, and hunger.
Spinal Cord- It connects our brain to our lower back. Our spinal cord carries nerve signals from our brain to our body and vice versa. These nerve signals help you feel sensations and move our body.
Similarity
The meninges protect and cushion the spinal cord, much like they do the brain. Most of the nerves in the body are connected to the brain through spinal nerves. The eyes, ears, and other components of the head are connected to the brain via various nerves.
Dissimilarity
The majority of bodily functions are managed by the brain, which is situated inside the skull. The spinal cord is a tube-shaped organ that extends from the base of the brain to the base of the spine. The nerves that make up the spinal cord transmit data from the brain to the rest of the body.
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When the brain is deprived of oxygen, the mitochondria within neurons stop producing atp. what effect does this have on the membrane potential? why?
The neuronal membrane potential depends on different concentrations of sodium and potassium on either side of the membrane. Ionic concentration gradients are established by the action of the sodium-potassium ion pump, an enzyme that requires ATP. Without ATP, the pump will not function. As a result, the resting membrane potential will not exist and the brain will not function.
What is neuronal membrane?
The neuron and its ionic components can be treated using the ideas mentioned above.
The neuron's plasma membrane is only minimally permeable to Cl and Na+ and extremely permeable to K+. A balance between a high concentration of Na+ and a high concentration of Cl, as well as modest amounts of impermeant anions like bicarbonate, phosphate, and sulfate, is what keeps the extracellular fluid's electroneutrality. The concentration of Cl in the cytoplasm, where K+ concentration is high, is substantially lower than what is required to balance the sum of the positive charges. There, negatively charged impermeant proteins and phosphates keep the environment electroneutral.
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A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
A fractured femur can result in the loss of one litre or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
What is the femur?Your thigh bone is called the femur. It is your body's longest and strongest bone. It is essential to your capacity to stand and move. In addition, the femur supports numerous significant muscles, tendons, ligaments, and components of your circulatory system.
How long does it take to heal a broken femur?Most frequently, recovery takes 4 to 6 months. The severity of your fracture, whether you have skin wounds, and their severity will all affect how long it takes you to recover. The extent of your nerve and blood vessel damage, as well as the kind of your treatment, will also affect how well you recover.
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Who rediscovered Aristarchus's model of a heliocentric solar system?
Copernicus
Galileo
Kepler
Ptolemy
Answer is:
Copernicus
Explanation:
how much light per day should be used to provide energy for a spaceship
No, light or electric power has thrust so it can not be used while to provide energy for a spaceship 11,000 fuel pounds per second is used.
Electric power :The rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit is referred to as its power. The watt is the SI unit of power, equal to one joule per second. Watts, like other SI units, have standard suffixes: thousands, millions, and billions of watts are referred to as kilowatts, megawatts, and gigawatts, respectively. This aids in the conductivity of electricity by directing the flow of electrons, allowing them to move uniformly while simultaneously producing a positive charge known as an electrical current.
Types of electricity :For electricity generation, the three major categories of energy are fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources. The majority of electricity is produced by steam turbines powered by fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, and solar thermal energy.
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Identify the hormone abbreviations and classify them by their main target organs.
Mammary Gland - PRL
Pituitary - TRH, GHRH, CRH
Pituitary - TRH, GHRH, CRHLiver, Fat, Muscle - GH, IGF
Pituitary - TRH, GHRH, CRHLiver, Fat, Muscle - GH, IGFThyroid - TSH
Pituitary - TRH, GHRH, CRHLiver, Fat, Muscle - GH, IGFThyroid - TSHTestis/Ovaries - LH/FSH
Pituitary - TRH, GHRH, CRHLiver, Fat, Muscle - GH, IGFThyroid - TSHTestis/Ovaries - LH/FSHAdrenal Cortex - ACTH
What are hormones ?Chemicals called hormones function in the body as messenger molecules. They are created in one area of the body and then go to other areas where they assist regulate how cells and organs function. For instance, the pancreatic beta cells produce the hormone insulin.
Hormones alter gene expression or cellular function and have an impact on behaviour by raising the probability that particular behaviours will take place in response to particular inputs. This is accomplished through hormones' effects on people's sensory systems, central integrators, and/or periphery effectors.Learn more about Hormones here:
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Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface. false true
Epithelial tissues have apical and basolateral surface which is separated by different cellular junctions.
What are epithelial tissues?Epithelial tissues forms the protective lining of various body surfaces. Various body cavities and several glands contain epithelial tissues.
Epithelial tissues are important because of their function of protection, secretion and absorption.
The general structure of epithelial tissues consists of a cell-membrane, nucleus and a cytoplasm.
Based on the number, epithelial tissues are classified as:
Simple epithelial cells - made up of single cell layer.Stratified epithelial cells- made up of multiple cell layers.Based on their shape, epithelial tissues are further classified into:
Simple squamous and stratified squamous epithelial cellsSimple columnar and stratified columnar epithelial cellsSimple cuboidal cellsCiliated columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelial cellsTransitional epithelial cells.Therefore, epithelial tissues are important in protecting the internal and external body organs.
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ASAP PLEASE HELP ASAP
1.Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed into each
beaker. She put the beakers in different places.
i) In which beaker did the waterweed grow best? Give the correct letter.
________
ii) The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow. Why did this happen?
2.In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface. There were not many plants growing below the surface. Suggest a reason
for this.
3.In another experiment, Alex put similar pieces of waterweed into two more beakers of pond water. She added fertiliser to one of them. She kept them both by a window.
i) Alex added fertiliser to beaker E. Suggest the results of this experiment.
ii) What do fertilisers contain to help plants grow? Tick the correct box.
1. (i)The waterweed grew best in the beaker A which is placed in normal daylight.
1. (ii) The color of waterweed placed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow as the entry of light was stopped which negatively affected the ability of the waterweed to photosynthesize.
2. The school pond having excess water lilies exhibited the growth of not many plants since the large leaves covering the pond surface prevented the penetration of light into the pond.
3. (i) The beaker E in which Alex added fertilizer showed better results in terms of plant growth as compared to the other without fertilizer.
3. (ii) √ Minerals
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The connection across biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes is most obvious in the two rapidly emerging fields of:_________
Most clearly demonstrated are the connections between biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes in the following two quickly developing fields: Developmental social neuroscience and cognitive neuroscience.
Who is a neuroscience?A neuroscientist is interested in the functioning of the brain. After studying the brain, they conduct scientific experiments to attempt and find answers. Some neuroscientists focus their research on a particular area of study, such as neurological illnesses or the effects of brain trauma.
How long does it take to get a neuroscience degree?A Master's degree adds an additional one to two years to the three years required for a solitary undergraduate or combination degree. Three to four years full-time, but six or seven years if done part-time, are needed to get a PhD.
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Each individual cell in an excel worksheet area is identified by a letter and number combination, such as a2, known as the?
Cell reference or cell address refers to a combination of column specified by alphabets A-Z and rows specified by numbers that can be used to locate an exact cell in a spreadsheet.
This cell address makes operation on the worksheet easier eliminating the stress of manually locating cells whenever you are working. For example, in the summation of two numbers in different cells, the cell address for the two numbers can be entered in any desired cells with the operator symbol included. Hence, it’s common to see A1, B2, and C3, on the excel worksheet. In fact, the excel worksheet was built on the basis of cell referencing.
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The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the.
The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes collectively called the nuclear envelope.
Where is the phospholipid bilayer located in the cell membrane?The fundamental structure of the membrane is the phospholipid bilayer ,which forms a stable barrier , between two aqueous compartment. In the case of the plasma membrane ,these compartment are the inside and the outside of the cell.
The boundary of the nucleus is called nuclear envelope . It consists of two phospholipid bilayers an outer membrane and inner membrane .
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The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called ________, within the body.
The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called hypoxia within the body.
What is hypoxia?When the entire or a portion of the body does not receive enough oxygen at the tissue level, it is said to be hypoxic. Generalized hypoxia, which affects the entire body, can be distinguished from local hypoxia, which only affects a specific area of the body. Despite the fact that hypoxia is frequently a clinical state, fluctuations in arterial oxygen concentrations can occur naturally, for instance during hypoventilation training or vigorous exercise.
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ASAP What is temperature? What are the three temperature scales?
Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses the hotness of matter or radiation.
There are three types of temperature scale: those, such as the SI scale, that are defined in terms of the average translational kinetic energy per freely moving microscopic particle, such as atom, molecule, or electron, in a body; those that rely solely on purely macroscopic properties and thermodynamic principles, such as Kelvin's original definition; and those that are not defined by theoretical principles, but are defined by convenient empirical properties of particular materials.
Three different scales are commonly used to measure temperature: Fahrenheit (expressed as °F), Celsius (°C), and Kelvin (K).
After soaking for one hour in a solution of unknown concentration, a slice of potato appears to be very soft and limp. you can determine that the solution is:______
If the potato slice becomes soft and limp after soaking for one hour in the solution, the solution is hypertonic.
What is a hypertonic solution?In biology, a hypertonic solution is a solution with more solute concentration than it is found in the sap of any other cell placed in it.
Such solutions have lower water potential than the cells placed in them. Thus, water will readily move by osmosis from the sap of the cells into the solution.
Cells that are placed in hypertonic solutions, therefore, usually end up becoming flaccid as a result of water loss.
So, if after soaking for one hour in a solution whose concentration is not known, a slice of potato becomes soft and limp, it means the solution is hypertonic.
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If you made a change in the promoter sequence in the dna, what would happen at the rna level?.
Any change in the promoter sequence will make in unrecognizable and hence the RNA polymerase will not be able to identify it. As a result, no RNA will ne transcribed.
Promoter sequences are the repetitive sequences in the DNA present upstream of the gene. These sequences are recognized by the proteins like RNA polymerase and the process of transcription begins. Any change in these sequences can stop the whole process of transcription.
RNA polymerase is the enzyme that begins the process of transcription. The enzyme is a composition of various subunits. Prokaryotes have only one RNA polymerase whereas eukaryotes have three RNA polymerases.
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what are the two ways in which plants use the glucose they produce during photosynthesis?
1._____is the amounts of material an object has with gram as the basic unit 2.weighing is more accurate than _____ 3.in measuring dry ingredients,it should level with the______
4.leaved-off with____when filling dry ingredients is a measuring cup
5.in measuring liquid,place glass or plastic cup on a_____surface
Answer:
the mass of an object is the amount of material it contains.
Weighing is more accurate than volumn measurement.
in measuring dry ingredients,it should level with th back of a knife.
4
5
Some proteins do indeed need assistance during the folding process. the general term used for the proteins that help other proteins fold is:______.
Some proteins do indeed need assistance during the folding process. the general term used for the proteins that help other proteins fold is Chaperones.
What are Chaperones?Chaperones are proteins that help big proteins or macromolecular protein complexes fold or unfold conformationally. There are different groups of molecular chaperones, all of which have the same purpose: to help big proteins fold properly during or after synthesis as well as following partial denaturation. Protein translocation for proteolysis involves chaperones as well. The bulk of molecular chaperones aid in protein folding by binding to and stabilizing folding intermediates up until the polypeptide chain is entirely translated, rather than providing any steric information for protein folding. Based on their target proteins and location, chaperones have different unique modes of operation.Learn more about the Protein folding with the help of the given link:
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Of all six technologies that wood identifies, which do you find the most interesting, useful, or pertinent to your own life? discuss.
orbital launch vehicles are the most interesting, useful, or pertinent to your own life.
What is a launch vehicle?A launch vehicle or carrier rocket may be a rocket-propelled vehicle used to carry a payload from Earth's surface to space, usually to Earth's orbit or beyond. A launch system includes the launch vehicle, launch pad, vehicle assembly, fueling systems, range safety, and other related infrastructure. Orbital launch vehicles are often grouped based on many different factors, most notably payload mass, although price points are a serious concern for some users.
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An endocrinologist is teaching about aldosterone secretion. Which information should the endocrinologist include?
An endocrinologist is teaching about aldosterone secretion should include the renin-angiotension system in his topic.
What is renin-angiotension system?Blood volume and systemic vascular resistance are both significantly regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The RAAS is in charge of more chronic changes, whereas the baroreceptor reflex reacts in the immediate term to lowered arterial pressure. Renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone make up its three main constituents. In reaction to lowered renal blood pressure, lowered salt transport to the distal convoluted tubule, and/or beta-agonism, these three raise arterial pressure. These systems allow the body to raise blood pressure over an extended period of time.Learn more about the renin-angiotension system with the help of the given link:
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When you breathe, the pressure inside the lungs is different than the pressure outside the lungs. this is an example of a(n)?
The pressure inside your lungs and the pressure outside them fluctuate as you breathe. An illustration of a pressure gradient is this.
What is an example of pressure gradient?The pressure gradient is the amount by which the atmospheric pressure drops in a location at a particular time. A pressure gradient is demonstrated by gale-force winds in one city changing to a moderate breeze after an hour. the rate of the pressure in space decreasing (gradient) at a specific period.How does pulmonary ventilation change with pressure gradient?Thoracic ventilation Because air moves down a pressure gradient, or from an area of greater pressure to an area of lower pressure, the difference in pressures is what drives pulmonary ventilation.
When breathing in and out, the respiratory airways restrict the flow of air. The air must be transported by the pressure gradient from the mount (or nose) to the pulmonary alveoli.
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4. Pea plant clones are giving different amounts of water for three-week period. The first pea plant receives 400 milliliters a day. The
second pea plant receives 200 milliliters a day. The third pea plant receives 100 milliliters a day. The fourth pea plant does not receive
any extra water: the plant only receives natural ways of receiving water. The heights of the pea plants are recorded daily.
IV:
DV:
Based on the information presented in the above experiment, the following applies:
Independent variable (IV): Different amounts of waterDependent variable (DV): Heights of the pea plantWhat is independent and dependent variables?Independent variable of an experiment is the variable that is manipulated or changed in the experiment.
On the other hand, the dependent variable is the variable that is measured or recorded in the experiment.
According to this question, pea plant clones are giving different amounts of water for three-week period as follows;
The first pea plant receives 400 milliliters a day. The second pea plant receives 200 milliliters a day. The third pea plant receives 100 milliliters a day. The fourth pea plant does not receive any extra waterBased on the information given above, the IV is the different amounts of water received while the DV is the height of the plants that was recorded after.
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the introduction of fingerlings into the pond is called
A stocking
B clearing
C inoculation
D fertilisation
Answer:
Stocking
Explanation:
The amount of atp stored in a muscle cell can keep a muscle active for about ________.
A product of the oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids, ____, is converted to ____ and enters the ____ cycle.
A product of the oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids, Propionyl-CoA, is converted to succinyl-CoA and enters the citric acid cycle.
What is oxidation ?Redox reactions involve a change in the oxidation state of the substrate. Oxidation is the process of losing electrons or increasing an element's oxidation state. Reduction can occur when an element or one of its constituent atoms gains electrons or has their oxidation status decreased.
When an object comes into touch with oxygen or another oxidizer, a chemical reaction occurs. Rust and the brown color of a sliced apple are both examples of oxidation.
How is oxidation occur ?When an atom, molecule, or ion loses one or more electrons during a chemical reaction, oxidation takes place. The chemical species' oxidation state increases while oxidation takes place. Oxygen is not always necessary for oxidation to occur. The phrase was initially used when oxygen produced an electron loss during a process.
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Water is a polar molecule that exhibits the properties of adhesion and cohesion. identify the examples as either cohesion, adhesion, or both.
Water is a polar molecule and exhibits both properties of adhesion and cohesion.
Water molecules possess strong cohesive forces due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with one another. Cohesion is the scientific term for molecules' affinity towards other molecules of their sort. Surface tension, a phenomenon that causes a liquid's surface to have a tendency to resist rupturing when subjected to tension or stress, is caused by cohesive forces. Adhesion, which is the attraction of molecules of one kind to molecules of another kind, can be exceedingly powerful for water, especially when those other molecules have positive or negative charges. For instance, adhesion enables water to ascend through minute capillary tubes submerged in liquid. The capillary activity that causes this upward movement against gravity depends on interactions between water molecules (cohesion) also on the attraction of water molecules to the tube's glass walls (adhesion). We can infer from the surface tension and capillary action phenomena that water demonstrates both cohesion and adhesion qualities.
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In addition to transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, hemoglobin is also involved in transporting carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. how is this accomplished?
The correct option is (C) Carbon dioxide reacts with an amino group to stabilize the deoxyhemoglobin state.
In addition to transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, hemoglobin is also involved in transporting carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs where, Carbon dioxide reacts with an amino group to stabilize the deoxyhemoglobin state.
How does hemoglobin contribute to the movement of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs?The transport of carbon dioxide in the blood is influenced by a number of factors. First, blood contains more carbon dioxide soluble molecules than oxygen. The plasma contains 5–7% of the total dissolved carbon dioxide. Second, carbon dioxide can enter red blood cells and bind to hemoglobin or it can bind to plasma proteins. In this form, 10% of the carbon dioxide gets transported. A substance known as carbaminohemoglobin is created when carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin. Hemoglobin and carbon dioxide can bind to one other again. As a result, when it gets to the lungs, the carbon dioxide can separate from the hemoglobin without restriction and leave the body.Third, the bicarbonate buffer system is responsible for transporting 85% of the carbon dioxide molecules.Learn more about the CO₂ transfer with the help of the given link:
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I understand that the question you are looking for is "In addition to transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, hemoglobin is also involved in transporting carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. How is this accomplished?
A. Carbon dioxide competes for the oxygen-binding site on the heme.
B. Carbon dioxide competes for the 2,3-BPG-binding site.
C. Carbon dioxide reacts with an amino group to stabilize the deoxyhemoglobin state.
D. Carbon dioxide binds to the carboxyl terminus of hemoglobin."
