The statement that is true about the evolution of brain size in the genus Homo is that the brain size has continuously increased from the early humans to the present day humans.
The genus Homo comprises of present day humans, the Homo sapiens and also the extinct species like Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo Neanderthalensis.
The first human like being was Homo habilis. They had a brain size of 650-800 centimeter cube(cc).
The next stage in human evolution is Homo erectus who had a brain size of 900 cc.
The third stage was Homo neandarthalensis. Their brain capacity was about 1400 cc.
The final stage in the human evolution is Homo sapiens, the present day humans with a brain capacity of around 1300-1400 cc.
As it is evident from the above statements, the brain size of the genus Homo has continuously increased from the early humans to the present day humans.
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3. Sulfur dioxide emitted from power plants eventually causes acid rain in the atmosphere. Which term best describes acid rain?
A. Secondary pollutant
B. Primary and secondary pollutant
C. Primary pollutant
D. Greenhouse gas
Sulfur dioxide emitted from power plants eventually causes acid rain in the atmosphere best describes acid rain is a secondary pollutant.
Sulfur dioxide emitted from power plants eventually causes acid rain in the atmosphere, Primary pollutant is the term best describes acid rain.
What is meant by Primary pollutant?
An air pollutant released directly from a source is referred to as a primary pollutant.
Examples of primary pollutants are particulate matter, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon dioxide (CO) (PM).
Pollutants can be divided into three categories from an ecological standpoint: degradable, slowly degradable, and non-degradable.
The term "primary pollutant" best describes acid rain, which is eventually brought on by sulfur dioxide emissions from power plants.
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Diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) in a client with type 1 diabetes occurs when the lack of insulin leads to the release of which physiologic product?
The answer to the above question is Fatty acids.
What are Fatty acids?A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain that is either saturated or unsaturated. This definition applies to chemistry, particularly biochemistry. The majority of naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain with 4 to 28 carbon atoms, which is an even number. In some species, like microalgae, fatty acids make up a significant portion of the lipids (up to 70% by weight), but in other organisms, they are present as one of the three main types of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, or cholesteryl esters rather than in their solo form. Fatty acids are crucial nutritional sources of energy for animals in any of these forms, as well as crucial cellular building blocks.
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Scientists believe the smaller prokaryote in this example evolved into which organelle? Think about it! HINT: ATP and "Heterotrophic"
1. Golgi bodies
2. mitochondria
3. nucleus
4.chloroplasts
The endosymbiotic theory states that chloroplasts and mitochondria used to be free-linving bacteria that got phagocyted by another cell. The correct option is 2. Mitochondria.
What does the endosymbiotic theory state?
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria that were phagocytized by another cell but not digested.
These bacteria got to adapt to their host, and both cells became interdependent.
Both organelles have many similarities with other free-living bacteria.
Chloroplasts probably derivate from cyanobacteria because both cells absorb sunlight, produce ATP, and organic molecules. Mitochondria derivate from rickettsias because they produce ATP in the same way by using the Krebs Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation.From the phagocytosis moment, these two cells became so dependant on each other, they could not survive without the other one.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, the smaller prokaryote evolved into mitochondria. Option 2.
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Complete the sentences describing the properties of water that contribute to its role as a solvent in living organisms.
The unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms within a water molecule makes water a polar molecule.
Which property of water is used as a solvent in living organisms?Water is an excellent solvent because, provided the solute is nonpolar, it can be broken up and surrounded by water, which will dissolve it into solution. This is possible because of the electron configuration of a water molecule.
Water behaves in this way because the positive charge on the hydrogen end of the molecule is drawn to the negative charge of a polar molecule, while the negative charge on the oxygen end is drawn to the positive side of a polar molecule .
The "universal solvent" moniker refers to water's broad range of molecule-dissolving abilities, which are what make it such a vital life-sustaining force. Water's function as a solvent aids biological processes by facilitating the transportation and utilisation of nutrients and oxygen by cells.
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Some ribosomes, which are the protein manufacturing organelles in the cell, are suspended in the cytosol of a cell, whereas other ribosomes ________.
Some ribosomes, which are the protein manufacturing organelles in the cell, are suspended in the cytosol of a cell, whereas other ribosomes are attached to the outside of the nucleus.
What is ribosomes?An intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of protein synthesis in the cell is said to be ribosomes.
The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and translates that genetic code into a specified string of amino acids, which grow into long chains that fold to form proteins.
Ribosomes was present both in plants cells and animal cells.
Some ribosomes, which are the protein manufacturing organelles in the cell, are suspended in the cytosol of a cell, whereas other ribosomes are attached to the outside of the nucleus.
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Symport and antiport transport mechanisms are a form of ______ transport, and use ________.
Symport and antiport transport mechanisms are a form of Active Transport, and use secondary active transport mechanisms.
Symport- Symport is the type of transport in which two different molecules can move through a membrane in same direction by using a common carrier mechanism. The transporter is called a symporter which is an integral protein and it works in the cell membrane the molecules to transport across the membrane at the same time.
Antiport- A kind of transport called antiport allows for the opposing passage of two distinct molecules through a membrane. Additionally, it is a technique for linked transport, which involves the molecules moving in several directions. The antiporter, which is likewise a crucial membrane protein, is the transporter.
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How have humans contributed to an imbalance in the nitrogen cycle?
Humans contributed to an imbalance in the nitrogen cycle increase in nitrogen-producing industrial and agricultural activities as well as the burning of fossil fuels is causing humans to overstimulate ecosystems with nitrogen, finds a recent study. Nitrogen is a necessary element for life, but at large concentrations, it is harmful to the environment.
Scientists have shown that by changing the quantity of nitrogen stored in the biosphere, humans are interfering with the nitrogen cycle. The main cause is the burning of fossil fuels, which emits nitric oxides into the atmosphere, where they react with other substances to produce smog and acid rain.
The addition of nitrogen can cause a nutrient imbalance in trees, changes in the health of forests, and losses in biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems. More processes than merely the nitrogen cycle are impacted when nitrogen availability is increased because there is frequently a shift in carbon storage. The majority of human activities that have contributed to the rise in nitrogen levels worldwide are small-scale, ranging from the manufacture and use of nitrogen fertilizers to the burning of fossil fuels in vehicles and power plants.
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Please choose the answer that best completes the blanks of this sentence in the correct order.
______is the ability of a microbe to cause disease.
Please choose the answer that best completes the blanks of this sentence in the correct order Pathogenicity is the ability of a microbe to cause disease. Pathogenicity refers back to the capacity of an organism to purpose disease . This capacity represents a genetic aspect of the pathogen and the overt harm accomplished to the host is a assets of the host-pathogen interactions. .
Six elements are concerned withinside the transmission of communicable diseases such as the infectious agent, the reservoir, direction of exit, mode of transmission, direction of entry, and the prone host. A reservoir is a human, any other animal, or a non-residing thing (together with soil), in which the infectious agent commonly lives.
There are sorts of touch transmission: direct and indirect. Direct touch transmission happens while there's bodily touch among an inflamed man or woman and a prone man or woman. Indirect touch transmission happens while there's no direct human-to-human touch.
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Why knowing parentage is important. how could this knowledge help wild populations of endangered species? how could it also help with zoo populations?
Prevent loss of Genetic Diversity and Inbreeding
The knowledge of parentage provides one with information about the origin and identity of the parents.
The variations and changes in the genes of the progeny of the parents can also be understood by the knowledge of the parentage.
Population of wild endangered species can benefit from the knowledge of parentage as this can help in prioritizing original gene material, avoid inbreeding incidents , important tool to manage cross between species hence aiding in the prevention of genetic diversity and loss of population.
In zoos, inbreeding is very common due to small populations which can lead to an increase in homozygous populations instead of heterozygous ones. Decrease in heterozygous populations implies decrease in genetic variability.
∴ Knowledge of parentage in zoos can help with that.
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Can you tell three lines about the following words
1- Nutritionist
2- Psychologist
3- Osteologist
4- Geneticist
Nutritionists typically work with individuals or populations to teach them more about general nutrition, food and health.
Can you tell three lines about the following words
1- Nutritionist:
The Nutritionist is a person who advises other people on the matter of food and nutrition and also the impacts on the life of the peoples. Some people specialize in particular subjects like sports, food, public health and animal and in many others subjects.
2- Psychologist:
A psychologist is a person who practices the psychology and other mental healths which relates with the emotional behaviour of the patient. Their work usually includes the experiments, interpretation and many other things.
3- Osteologist:
Osteologist is a person which study about the bones. The osteologist is the sub discipline of anatomy, anthropology, and paleontology. It is that study in which the student learns about the deep study in bones.
4- Geneticist:
The Geneticist is that kind of study in which the student learns about the genetics, heredity, the science of genes and variation of organism. A geneticist can be employed as a scientist or a lecturer.
So we can conclude that: Nutritionists typically work with individuals or populations to teach them more about general nutrition, food and health.
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Proteins that affect the structure of dna bound to histones without altering histone chemical structure are called:_______
Proteins that affect the structure of dna bound to histones without altering histone chemical structure are called Non-histone protein.
The proteins that remain after the histones have been taken out are known as non-histone proteins. A large group of heterogeneous proteins referred to as non-histone proteins organise and compress the chromosome into higher order structures.
They play a crucial role in regulating processes such nuclear transport, steroid hormone activity, nucleosome remodelling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, and the transition between interphase and mitosis.
Scaffold proteins, DNA polymerase, Heterochromatin Protein 1, and Polycomb are examples of typical non-histone proteins. This classification area also includes a large number of other structural, regulatory, and motor proteins. Non-histone proteins can be acidic. Other than histones, many proteins have the ability to bind to DNA and change the shape of the chromatin by means of epigenetic processes.
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What kind of chemical does saccharomyces cerevisiae ferment to produce alcohol? mcb 100
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments carbohydrates to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as baker's yeast, is a unicellular fungus under the Phylum Saccharomyces under the Kingdom Fungi. It is used in bread and alcohol production. It is commonly known as yeast. S. cerevisiae produce alcohol and carbon dioxide from carbohydrates through a biochemical process called fermentation.
Fermentation is the process whereby glucose is broken down in an oxygen lacking environment. There are two types of fermentation - alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Yeasts like S. cerevisiae make use of alcohol fermentation. The alcohol produced as a result is used in production of alcoholic beverages and the carbon dioxide is used in bread production to proof dough.
Muscle cells can make use of lactic acid fermentation to produce energy in an oxygen lacking environment.
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A complex assemblage of animals, plants, and their environment through which materials and energy move is known as?
A complex assemblage of animals, plants, and their environment through which materials and energy move is known as ecosystem.
What is a ecosystem?All the organisms that live in an ecosystem are present, along with their physical surroundings. Through energy flows and nutrient cycles, these biotic and abiotic components are interconnected. Plant tissue absorbs energy from the system through photosynthesis. Animals contribute significantly to the flow of matter and energy through the system by eating plants and one another as well as.
Additionally, they affect the biomass levels of the microbial and plant communities. Decomposers help to promote nutrient cycling by transforming nutrients stored in dead biomass back into a form that can be easily utilized by plants and microbes. They do this by consuming dead organic matter and releasing carbon back into the atmosphere.
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How does variation in molecular units provide cells with a wider range of functions?
Variation in molecular units provides cells with a wider range of functions as: Proteins have variation in their structure which changes the function of the protein and Gene expression proteins have regulatory proteins, which help in controlling gene expression.
Eukaryotic cell have lots of organelles such as the the ribosomes which make proteins for the cell. Because of different kind of molecular units such as flagellum, ribosomes, and cell walls, cells are able to preform many functions at once. The variation of the molecular units and organelles allow the cell to do may things at once. Species with genetic variation and its resultant phenotypes can respond and adapt to changing environmental conditions.
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Carolina was always hungry. after visiting the doctor, she was told that her _________ was producing too much insulin, causing low blood sugar.
Carolina was always hungry. after visiting the doctor, she was told that her pancreas was producing too much insulin, causing low blood sugar.
What insulin is used for?Human insulin is used to control blood sugar in people with type 1 diabetes, a condition in which the body cannot produce insulin and cannot, therefore, control the amount of sugar in the blood, or type 2 diabetes, a condition in which the blood sugar is too high because the body cannot produce or use insulin normally, and which cannot be controlled by oral medications alone. The hormones class of drugs includes human insulin. In place of the insulin that the body ordinarily produces, human insulin is used.
Is insulin the same as sugar ?Insulin then aids in transferring the blood's sugar to your cells. Your cells either immediately use the sugar that enters them as fuel for energy, or they store it for later use. Insulin malfunctions occur in people with diabetes.
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The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the.
The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the nuclear envelope . The boundary of the nucleus is referred to as the nuclear envelope. It includes phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an internal membrane. The nuclear membrane is non-stop with the endoplasmic reticulum.
The nuclear envelope, additionally referred to as the nuclear membrane, is made of lipid bilayer membranes that during eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. The nuclear envelope includes lipid bilayer membranes: an internal nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane.
The nuclear envelope has a complicated structure, inclusive of nuclear membranes, an underlying nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes . The nucleus is surrounded with the aid of using a machine of concentric membranes, referred to as the internal and outer nuclear membranes.
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During a mugging, a person experiences an extreme level of fear. what portion of the limbic system is responsible for this and other emotional states?
Amygdala. The word "amygdala" relates to the structure's almond-like form. The left and right amygdalae, which are situated immediately adjacent to the hippocampus, are crucial to how we react emotionally, including how we feel pleasure, fear, anxiety, and rage.
Which limbic system component affects aggression?The limbic system's hyperactivity in reaction to unpleasant or provocative stimuli, particularly those that cause anger, including brain regions like the amygdala, is the other significant dysfunction linked to impulsive aggressiveness and violence.
Although there is considerable disagreement among scientists over which structures belong to the limbic system, the amygdala, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus are all universally recognised as three of them.
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Which brain area is most important for hearing, the ability to recognize complex patterns (such as faces), language comprehension, and emotion?
Temporal lobe is the brain area that is most important for hearing, the ability to recognize complex patterns (such as faces), language comprehension, and emotion.
What is temporal lobe?One of the four main lobes of the mammalian cerebral cortex is the temporal lobe. In the mammalian brain's cerebral hemispheres, the temporal lobe is situated below the lateral fissure.
For the proper retention of visual memory, linguistic comprehension, and emotion association, the temporal lobe is involved in processing sensory input into derived meanings. The temporals on the head are the temples.
Declarative or long-term memory is supported by the temporal lobe's structural components. Declarative memory, also known as explicit memory or declarative memory, is conscious memory separated into episodic memory and factual memory (events).
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In finding a relationship among elements, Mendeleev:
Answer:
used the scientific method
Explanation:
Which behavior would be exhibited by a patient who has suffered a right-brain stroke?
Impulsive and impatient behavior would be exhibited by a patient who has suffered a right-brain stroke.
What is right-brain stroke?
When the blood flow to the right side of the brain is cut off, a right brain stroke results. The left half of the body is controlled by the right side of the brain. Additionally, it aids in some cognitive functions, body position awareness, and distance perception.
The right side of the brain is affected by strokes, and patients who have experienced one will exhibit impulsive and impatient behavior. A left-brain stroke survivor is extremely careful since they are aware of the deficiencies and failures in their mental functioning. A stroke patient will move much more slowly after a stroke. People who have suffered left-brain injury will have trouble speaking and communicating.
Question:
Which behavior would be exhibited by a patient who has suffered a right-brain stroke?
A. Very Cautious
B. Difficulty with words
C. Impulsive and impatient
D. Accomplishes tasks quickly
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The r groups on amino acids determine their unique characteristics. how does an amino r-group on an amino acid behave at ph 7 in most cells?
It serves as a base and gains a proton, which charges it positively.
What is amino acid?
Proteins are made up of substances called amino acids. Proteins and amino acids are the components of life. Amino acids are the byproducts of the digestion or breakdown of proteins. Amino acids are used by the body to create proteins that aid in the digestion of meals.
Organic substances known as amino acids have both an amino and a carboxyl group. They can be differentiated by the functional group R that is attached. Six of the twenty amino acids that make up proteins have R-groups that are either bases or acids.
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According to the complete replacement model, the transition from premodern to modern homo sapiens?
According to the Complete Replacement Model, the transition was from the premodern to the modern Homo sapiens: only they occurred once, in the Africa. By the 165,000 ya individuals were they using fire at the Pinnacle Point, as the evidenced by the microliths that has show the evidence that the stone had been be carefully heated.
Homo sapiens, (Latin: “wise man”) the species is to which all modern human beings belong. the Homo sapiens is one of the several species of grouped into the genus the Homo, but it is the only one that is not extinct. and See also human evolution.
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Transport proteins (transporters) require energy expenditure for each molecule of substrate transported. the reason for this energy requirement is?
Transport proteins (transporters) require energy expenditure for each molecule of substrate transported. the reason for this energy requirement is option(a) i.e, the solute must be transported against a concentration gradient.
Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins, which means they span the membrane across which they transport things and remain there permanently. Through enhanced diffusion or active transport, the proteins may aid the movement of molecules. Transport proteins that participate in assisted diffusion include channel proteins, gated channel proteins, and carrier proteins.
Transport proteins enable everything from nerve impulses to cellular metabolism by transferring molecules across membranes. For instance, the sodium-potassium gradient that causes our nerves to fire would not exist without transport proteins.
The cell membrane contains transport proteins that enable the selective transit of particular molecules from the surrounding environment. Each transport protein recognizes a particular molecule only (indicated by matching colors).
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The complete question is:
Transport proteins (transporters) require energy expenditure for each molecule of substrate transported. The reason for this energy requirement is __________.
A) the solute must be transported against a concentration gradient
B) the solute must be forced through the hydrophobic membrane
C) the conformational shape of the solute must be changed during transport
D) the solute must be chemically altered
A ___________ is an arrangement of chromosomes from a single cell arrangement in pairs in descending order according to size of the chromosomes and the positions of the centromeres.
A karyotype is an arrangement of chromosomes from a single cell arrangement in pairs in descending order according to the size of the chromosomes and the positions of the centromeres.
What are chromosomes?
Each cell's nucleus contains chromosomes, which are structures that resemble threads and contain the DNA molecule. Each chromosome is constructed from DNA that has been tightly wound around proteins called histones numerous times to support its structure.
When a cell is not dividing, chromosomes cannot be seen in the nucleus, not even under a microscope. However, during cell division, the DNA that makes up chromosomes gets more compactly packed and becomes visible under a microscope.
The centromere, a point of constriction on each chromosome, separates the chromosome into its two "arms." The "p arm" refers to the chromosome's short arm. The "q arm" refers to the long arm of the chromosome. Every chromosome has a centromere, which determines the chromosome.
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Help asappp !!!!!!!!!!!!!
pay attention in classroom with a good 8.5m for your right right when now need it
What tissue type is found in kidney glomeruli and corpuscles; air sacs of lungs; the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; and the lining of serosae?
The tissue type found in kidney glomeruli and corpuscles; air sacs of lungs; the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; and the lining of serosae is simple squamous epithelium.
Lymphatic vessels are the large network of tubes that carry the lymph fluid from different parts of the body. These vessels are also involved in the transport of immune cells. The vessels are composed of a thin layer of smooth muscle, and adventitia that helps in binding of vessels to the surrounding tissue.
Simple squamous epithelium tissues consist of a single layer of flattened cells. This structure makes the tissue relevant for structures like air sacs of lungs or the lining of the heart, therefore to make the transport process easier.
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What would happen if
all autotrophic organisms died, leaving only
heterotrophic organisms?
Explanation:
Heterotrophs are defined as organisms that must consume food to obtain nutrients. These include herbivores, carnivores, etc.
Thus, with a planet of only autotrophs (self-feeding organisms) will continue to reproduce and flourish. Eventually, the earth would be full of autotrophs and organism to moderate the population.
However, there are other factors that can moderate population, though it may not be as effective as a heterotroph.
As a result of the nonexistence of heterotrophs, that includes organisms that help recycle the waste in the environment.
For example, there are decomposers that recycle materials. Considered as heterotrophs, without decomposers to recycle nutrients, autotrophs will lack the nutrient to undergo photosynthesis - it would just be organic waste. This will eventually lead to the death of autotrophs.
There is a possibility for mutations to occur that can allow organisms to process the waste by themselves and use the nutrients that's been processed for photosynthesis.
These are just some of the things that can happen without any heterotrophs.
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The person considered to be the father of psychiatric classification and a major contributor to the biological model was?
Emil Kraepelin is regarded as the father of psychiatric classification and a key figure in the development of the biological model.
What is Emil Kraepelin famous for?Emil Kraepelin's discovery of the link between the pathophysiology and appearance of psychiatric diseases is among his most significant contributions. Kraepelin did not think that particular symptoms were indicative of a particular sickness, in contrast to popular ideas at the time.
Kraepelin used a clinical rather than a pathological approach to mental disorder. Additionally, he concentrated on the biological and genetic patterns that are particularly visible in people with these disorders when considering family history.
Kraepelin proposed that another element for classification was the progression of symptoms and the influence that was actually felt throughout the course of a person's life. Alois Alzheimer conducted research and made the diagnosis of Alzheimer dementia in Kraepelin's lab at the University of Munich.
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The electron transport chain system is responsible for the production of the majority of cellular atp. true false
The electron transport chain system is responsible for the production of the majority of cellular atp- True.
ATP is the energy currency of the cell. It provides energy for the various metabolic reactions in the body.
Electron transport chain consist of various protein complexes and other molecules through which the electrons are transferred from one complex called electron donor to other complex called electron receiver.
The process occurs due to redox reaction occur in the complexes. This reactions are coupled with transfer of proton across the membrane.
The protons that are pumped outside during the reaction are used to synthesize ATP.
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How could scientists use radioisotopes to study the function of the golgi apparatus?.
Scientists could use radioisotopes to study the function of the Golgi apparatus by tracking the radiolabelled sugars which are attached to the proteins within the Golgi apparatus.
Radioisotopes of radiolabelled sugars are attached to proteins within the Golgi apparatus and are used for their study of function and it is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotes. It is made up of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae. Proteins and lipids are moved, altered, and packaged into vesicles by the Golgi apparatus and delivered to specific locations. It is situated close to the cell nucleus and the endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm.
In an experiment to determine the route secreted proteins follow, radioactively labeled amino acids are added to a growing culture of cells involved in protein synthesis. The secretory vesicles received the radiolabeled proteins from the Golgi apparatus, which then moved there and joined with the plasma membrane to release them outside the cell.
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