Eukaryal proteins that are secreted outside of the cell undergo modification before secretion. which organelles are involved in this secretion pathway?

Answers

Answer 1

The organelles that are involved in this secretion pathway are endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

What is meant by secretory pathway?

The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, the vesicles that move between them, the cell membrane, and the lysosomes are all parts of the secretory pathway. It is known as a "secretory pathway" since it is how the cell releases proteins into the extracellular space.

Normally, secretory proteins move from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi and then to the plasma membrane, where they are released into the extracellular environment. However, many substrates also travel to these locations by improbable routes.

Question :

Eukaryal proteins that are secreted outside of the cell undergo modification before secretion. Which organelles are involved in this secretion pathway?

a) the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum

b) the mitochondria and Golgi apparatus

c) the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

d) the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome

e) the lysosome and mitochondria

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Related Questions

By definition, prokaryotic cells do not possess __________.
a) replication machinery.
b) ribosomes.
c) a nucleus.
d) membrane bilayers.

Answers

The correct option is (c) Nucleus.

By definition, prokaryotic cells do not possess nucleus.

Describe prokaryotic cell.Prokaryotic refers to a form of cell that lacks a true nucleus or organelles that are attached to membranes. Unlike bacteria and archaea, which are based on prokaryotic cells, all other forms of life are eukaryotic. On the other hand, prokaryotic organisms are incredibly common and make up a sizable fraction of the biomass on Earth. Prokaryotic cells are seen in organisms that have only one cell. The prokaryotic cell, which gives it the term "prokaryotes," possesses a variety of elements that allow it to function as a living entity. Prokaryotes are first covered by a cell membrane. They may design a specific environment for metabolic reactions within the cytosol with the aid of this membrane. Second, these cells have free DNA as well as ribosomes.

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There are many technologies that reduce the amount of carbon emissions into our atmosphere. Identify some examples of these technologies.

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There are many technologies that reduce the amount of carbon emissions into our atmosphere. The hybrid cars examples of these technologies.

When the automobile brakes, calorific energy is produced, and the car motor acts as a converter to turn that energy into electrical energy so that it can be used by the car batteries and reduce carbon emissions.

Because it lessens the effects of global climate change, enhances public health, stimulates the world economy, and preserves biodiversity, lowering your carbon footprint is crucial. By reducing carbon emissions, we can ensure that future generations will enjoy access to healthier air, water, and food.

Thus, in addition to technological methods like designing and building electric cars and wind turbines and developing new biofuels, carbon reduction technology should also include practices like reforestation and new types of agriculture.

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The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____. ionic potential tonicity covalency electronegativity polarity

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The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its "electronegativity" .

An atom's electronegativity gets higher as you move to the right in the periodic table. An atom's electronegativity gets higher as you move up in the periodic table. Thus, the atoms in the top right have the highest electronegativities and the atoms in the bottom left have the lowest ones

The ability of an atom or functional group to draw electrons to itself is known as an electronegativity in chemistry. An atom's electronegativity is influenced by simultaneously its atomic number and the separation between its charged nucleus and valence electrons.

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The parasite ____ can be spread in water supplies, water supplies, water parks, and community swimming pools.

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Water supplies, water parks, municipal swimming pools, and water supplies are all potential breeding grounds for Cryptosporidium.

What is parasite?

A parasite is an organism that coexists with another creature in order to gain nutrition, grow, or reproduce—often in a way that is harmful to the host directly or indirectly.

Water supplies, water parks, municipal swimming pools, and water supplies are all potential breeding grounds for Cryptosporidium. It causes a diarrheal disease.

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Why is it so important to maintain a core temperature of 37°C?

A. If your core temperature doesn't stay 37°C, it will actually change and reflect the temperature outside.

B. Your body can only make cells at 37°C, and we need cells because that is what our body is made of.

C. It is just best to keep that temperature so you don't shiver or sweat.

D. The enzymes in our cells work best at this temperature and these enzymes are needed to carry out all the reactions that happen in our body to keep us alive.

Answers

Answer: D

Explanation: The body needs to maintain an optimum temperature for the enzymes  (around 37 degrees celsius). If it's too hot, our enzymes will denature and will become inactive/lose their function. If it's too cold, the enzymes will too become ineffective (their function will slow down too much).

This hearty component of the hair houses the melanin pigments and provides most of the hair's strength: ________

Answers

This hearty component of the hair houses the melanin pigments and provides most of the hair's strength is keratin.

What is melanin?

Melanin is the component present in the body and the main function of melanin is to provide color or complexion to the skin. The skin which contain more melanin is having dark skin color and the skin that contains less melanin contain fair skin.

More melanin in the body will help to protect from rays of the sun and it also prevents from skin cancer and person with less melanin has more chance to get affected by skin cancer.

The main function of melanin is to provide hair and color pigmentation to the body. Keratin is a substance that provides strength to the hair and make hair long and strong.

Therefore, This hearty component of the hair houses the melanin pigments and provides most of the hair's strength is keratin.

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When a peptide bond is formed between two amino acids, one is attached to the trna occupying the p site and the other _______.

Answers

Is joined to the tRna taking up space at site A.

When a peptide bond is formed between two amino acids, one is attached to the tRna occupying the p site and the other is joined to the tRna taking up space at site A.

A dehydration synthesis or reaction takes place at the molecular level to create a peptide bond. This process, which is often referred to as a condensation reaction, typically takes place between amino acids. Two amino acids join together to form a peptide bond through a process called dehydration synthesis.

What holds two amino acids together?Each amino acid is joined to another amino acid via a covalent connection, sometimes referred to as a peptide bond. As two amino acids are covalently connected by a peptide bond, the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the incoming amino acid interact and release a molecule of water.

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Thick skin __________. (one or more answers are correct. click on all correct answers for full credit.) check all that apply.

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Thick skin has a thicker stratum granulosum and stratum corneum than thin skin. The capacity to remain unaffected or unoffended by the words and actions of others She can take criticism very well because of her thick skin. You must have a thicker skin if you wish to perform in front of an audience.

Your skin's appearance is significantly influenced by your genetics. If you can see tendons and veins on the backs of your hands and forearms, you probably have thinner skin due to genetics. Vitamin C-rich foods promote the creation of collagen, which contributes to the gradual thickening of the skin.

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The quality of education one receives refers to the __________.
A. type of college one attends
B. type of education one receives
C. level of reading one acquires
D. how much education one receives Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D

Answers

B : the type of education one receives

Label the following statements as either true or false.
Some enzymes remove single amino acids from proteins by beginning at the amine or N-terminus.
a. True
b. false

Answers

It's true some enzymes remove single amino acids from proteins by beginning at the amine or N-terminus.

How enzymes work ?

Enzymes play a crucial role in reducing a reaction's activation energy, or the amount of energy required for the reaction to start. Enzymes function by attaching to reactant molecules and holding them so that chemical bond-forming and bond-breaking reactions proceed more quickly.

How do enzymes work in digestion ?

The breakdown of the food you eat is greatly aided by digestive enzymes. These proteins quicken chemical processes that change nutrients into things your digestive system can absorb. Digestive enzymes are present in your saliva. Your pancreas, gallbladder, and liver are a few of the organs that release them.

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In humans, any cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is said to be diploid. sperm and egg cells, however, are?

Answers

In humans, any cell with 23 pairs of chromosomes is said to be diploid. sperm and egg cells are Diploid; Haploid

What is a haploid?

A cell is said to be haploid if it only has one set of chromosomes. The number of copies of the genome is referred to as ploidy. Numerous other organisms, including humans, are diploid. This indicates that each cell contains two copies of the genome for the bulk of its whole existence. Haplotype cells are often produced for reproduction. One copy of the genome allows for the reorganization of various copies during zygote formation. Numerous novel DNA combinations are made available in the progeny by making the DNA content of the gametes haploid. This boosts genetic diversity and aids in population climate adaptation.

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What are the main components of the central nervous system? a. brain and cranial nerves b. brain and spinal cord c. motor nerves and spinal cord d. spinal cord and spinal nerves please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d

Answers

The main components of the central nervous system are brain and spinal cord.

The best answer is B, which stands for "brain and spinal cord."

What is in the nervous system?

The brain and spinal cord comprise the nervous system, which would be the first of divisions of the nervous system. The peripheral nervous system, which is made up of nerves that leave the spinal cord and connect every region of the body, is interconnected.

How does the nervous system function?

All bodily components can communicate thanks to the neurological system. Additionally, it reacts to changes occurring inside and outside the body. Information is sent and received by the nervous system both chemically and electrically.

Which three nervous systems are there?

The sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems are additional divisions of the ANS.

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Answer:

B. brain and spinal cord

Explanation:

The imaging method that uses a rapidly changing magnetic field to induce brief electrical current pulses in the brain that then trigger action potentials in the neuron is called:__________

Answers

The imaging method that uses a rapidly changing magnetic field to induce brief electrical current pulses in the brain that then trigger action potentials in the neuron is called functional magnetic resonance imaging

However, this imaging technique is usually used to evaluate region of blood flow changes in the cortex of the brain that occur during patient performance of specific tasks

What is a neuron?

A neuron can be defined as the basic and functional unit of the nervous system. Below are some types of neurons:

Sensory neuronsMotor neuronsIntermediate neurons

The neurons of the nervous system are responsible for transmitting information and signals from one of the the nervous system to another.

The nervous system generally is divided into

Central nervous systemPeripheral nervous system

The central nervous systemis divided into the

BrainSpinal cord

The Peripheral nervous system is divided into:

Somatic nervous systemAutonomic nervous system

The autonomic nervous system is divided into:

Sympathetic nervous systemParasympathetic nervous system

So therefore, the imaging method that uses a rapidly changing magnetic field to induce brief electrical current pulses in the brain that then trigger action potentials in the neuron is called functional magnetic resonance imaging

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The unusual organisms living in australia have evolved primarily because of?

Answers

Because the unique position of Australia on the face of the Earth.

Australia is the only country in the world that actually covers the entire continent. It is one of the largest countries on the Earth. Although it is rich in the natural resources and has a lot of the fertile land, more than one-third of the Australia is desert. Australia's landscape is also dominated by the Outback, a region where deserts and semi-arid land. The Outback is the result of the continent's large inland plains, its location along the dry Tropic of the Capricorn, and its proximity to the cool, dry, southerly winds

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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Use the following image to complete the sentences below.

An anatomy drawing of a cell shows different parts labeled as W, X, Y, and Z with the arrows.
The structure labeled as X is the
, so the cell in the image is a
. The structure labeled as W is the
, so the cell in the image is a
.

Answers

The structure labelled as X is the Nucleolus, so the cell in the image is a Eukaryotic cell. The structure labelled as W is the Chloroplast, so the cell in the image is a Plant cell.

What is a Plant Cell?

Plant cells are the eukaryotic cells present in plants. Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Chloroplasts are the double-membranous organelles present in plant cells. These are absent in animal cells. They contain green-pigment called chlorophyll. These are responsible for photosynthesis.

Therefore, the image given is of a plant cell.

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Name one similarity and one difference between pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Answers

One similarity and one difference between pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are listed below :-

One similarity between pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis is that : they are both types of endocytosis, which is a type of active transport that transports particles into cells. These particles, which can include cell fragments, whole cells, and other large molecules (such as water and cholesterol), are too large to enter the cell passively through the cell membrane.

One major difference between pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis is that :  pinocytosis is not a selective process, whereas receptor-mediated endocytosis is. Furthermore, pinocytosis takes place solely through the cell membrane, whereas receptor-mediated endocytosis takes place with the help of receptors.

What is Pinocytosis and Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis?

Pinocytosis is a simple endocytosis process that transports liquids and their solutes into the cell. As a result, it is also known as "cell drinking."

Another type of endocytosis is receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), which is responsible for the selective uptake of solutes into the cell.

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Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can cause? a. stronger ligaments. b. higher sperm counts. c. unnatural muscle growth. d. decreased risk of cancer.

Answers

Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can cause unnatural muscle growth and is therefore denoted as option C.

What is Anabolic-androgenic steroids?

These are referred to as steroidal androgens which include natural androgens such as testosterone and they are responsible for certain biochemical activities in the body.

The testosterone when in large quantities increases muscle mass by increasing muscle protein synthesis and may sometimes cause infertility in men which can be reversed through the required medications.

The increased muscle protein synthesis is what leads to unnatural muscle growth which is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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In the origin of cells, why was it important that complex molecules become enclosed in a lipid membrane?

Answers

In the origin of cells, it was important that complex molecules become enclosed in a lipid membrane so that the complex molecules could be isolated from the environment and also to stop them from diffusing.

A cell membrane is a semi-permeable membrane made of lipids and other compounds. The lipid membrane separates the interior of a cell from the exterior of the cell.

In the origin of cells, the presence of a cell membrane was important in order to form life. Without the cell membrane, all the complex molecules required for existence would not have been separated from the outside environment. Also, many of the molecules would have diffuses if a lipid membrane was not present around them.

A cell membrane made up of lipids was the most suitable choice because lipids are amphiphilic in nature.

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In a ________ economic system, the state has broad powers to serve the public interest as it sees fit.

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In a centrally planned socialism economic system, the state has broad powers to serve the public interest as it sees fit.

What is economic system ?

A country's or a region's economic system is how societies or governments manage and distribute the resources, services, and goods that are readily available. Land, capital, labor, and physical resources are all subject to economic system regulation. A traditional economy, a mixed economy, a pure command economy, and a pure market economy are the four primary categories of economic systems.

What Is a Centrally Planned Economy ?

A centrally planned economy, commonly referred to as a command economy, is a form of capitalism where decisions about the production and distribution of goods are made by the government.

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which of the statements are examples of hypotheses? a scientist observes that peppered moths can exist either as a black-bodied or a white-bodied variety. a scientist proposes that birds will eat more black-bodied moths than white-bodied moths in a forest unpolluted with soot. a scientist concludes that black-peppered moths became common through natural selection. a scientist predicts that birds will eat more white-bodied moths than black-bodied moths in a forest polluted with soot from factories.

Answers

B) A scientist proposes that birds will eat more black-bodied moths than white-bodied moths in a forest unpolluted with soot. D) a scientist predicts that birds will eat more white-bodied moths than black-bodied moths in a forest polluted with soot from factories.  Options B and D are hypothesis.

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is a scientific conjecture, not verified, that requires corroboration. The researcher hypothesizes to predict what is expected to occur.

The hypothesis is a claim of how it works a relationship between two or more variables. The exposed relationship must be logical and clear.

We need to consider that the independent variables always influences the dependent variables, so it is a cause-effect sequence.

The general structure is,

"IF something happens (involving the independent variable), THEN something else will happen (involvig the dependent variable)".

Let us analyze the statements,

a scientist observes that peppered moths can exist either as a black-bodied or a white-bodied variety.

This is an observation, not a hypothesis. This is probably what triggers the question.

a scientist proposes that birds will eat more black-bodied moths than white-bodied moths in a forest unpolluted with soot.

This is an example of hypothesis. The researcher thinks that in unpolluted soils birds will feed more on black moths than white moths.

a scientist concludes that black-peppered moths became common through natural selection.

This is the conclusion of the experiment.

a scientist predicts that birds will eat more white-bodied moths than black-bodied moths in a forest polluted with soot from factories.

This is another example of hypothesis. The researcher thinks that in polluted soils (dark soils) birds will feed more on white moths than black moths.

Options B and D are hypothesis.

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What is homeostatic imbalance?

Answers

Answer: An homeostatic imbalance is where the body is unable to restore a functional, stable internal environment in oneself.

Explanation: the word "homeostatic" comes from homeostasis which means to keep the body in normal conditions like your body temperature  (making sure it's not too high or low) and fluid balance (ex; your water intake). And for the word "imbalance" it means the opposite of balance which will mean it's abnormal and unstable.

On chemical analysis, a particular protein was found to contain 438 amino acids. how many peptide bonds are present in this protein?

Answers

On chemical analysis, a particular protein was found to contain 438 amino acids. Then the number of peptide bonds present in this protein will be 437.

Proteins are the polymers made up of amino acid as the monomeric unit. These amino acids are joined together by the peptide bond. The proteins serve various functions inside then body like: structural, functional or catalytic.

Peptide bond is formed between two amino acids by the condensation reaction. The carboxylic group of one amino acid binds with the amino group of another amino acid, releasing water ad a by-product. The peptide bonds in a polypeptide is always one less than the total number of amino acids.

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A new plant is discovered in the desert. which measurement, taken on a hot day and compared to a cold day, would best help you to determine if it were a c4 or cam plant?

Answers

The size of the stomata during the daytime would best help you to determine if it were a c4 or cam plant.

What are stomata?

Plants can do a clever trick.

They produce food through a process called photosynthesis, which also produces the oxygen we breathe as a byproduct. Nearly all terrestrial plants use the same pores, known as stomata, to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen since this evolutionary invention is so essential to plant identity.

The tiny, microscopic stomata are essential for photosynthesis. They cover the plants' surfaces in tens of thousands. Understanding how stomata form is essential background knowledge for understanding how plants grow and provide the biomass that sustains us.

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Molluscs, such as clams, have mosaic cleavage. is it possible for molluscs, or any other animal with mosaic cleavage, to have monozygotic twins? explain.

Answers

Moluscs are unable to have monozygotic twins because they have a mosaic cleavage as their fate is predetermined and they don't develop into a new individual.

What are monozygotic twins?

Identical twins are referred to described as such because of their identical appearance. However, "monozygotic" is a more precise phrase. Monozygotic twins have nearly identical genetic makeup.

When one sperm fertilizes just one egg, this kind of twin creation starts (oocyte). The cells of the fertilized egg (also known as a zygote) divide and expand into a blastocyst as it moves into the uterus. The blastocyst subsequently divides into two embryos in the case of monozygotic twins.

Monozygotic twins, to put it simply, are produced when a single fertilized egg splits into two. Two infants are then born from two embryos. The word used to describe this procedure is monozygotic ("mono" means one and "zygote" denotes fertilized egg).

Therefore, Moluscs cannot form monozygotic twins.

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The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum, is the:_____.

Answers

The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum, is referred to as the small intestine.

What is Small intestine?

This refers to a part of the gastrointestinal tract which is the longest and is also involved in the digestion of food substances into other absorbable forms in the body.

It is divided into three segments which are:

DuodenumJejunumIleum

The small intestine is also the area where food nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through structures known as villi to ensure adequate functioning of the body system.

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Drag each tile to the correct location on the table.
Along with the kidneys, the ureters, bladder, and urethra make up the urinary system. Match each function or description to the appropriate structure.

hollow, saclike organ
connected to the
kidneys
narrow duct that
connects to the
bladder
muscular ducts that
connect the kidneys
and bladder
transports urine by
peristaltic action
from the kidney to
the bladder
transports urine from
the bladder to outside
of the body
holds urine

Answers

The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The body absorbs nutrients from food and converts them into energy.

Ureters are small tubes or conduits that connect the bladder and kidneys. Urine travels from the kidneys through the ureters to the bladder. The urethra is a tubular passage that connects the bladder to the outside of the body and allows urine to exit the body.

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys make urine and are responsible for other functions attributed to the urinary system. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder is a temporary reservoir for urine.

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When the vasomotor center of our brain wishes to increase blood pressure, it increases ____________ signals causing ______.

Answers

When the vasomotor center of our brain wishes to increase blood pressure, it increases the heart rate signals causing The greater contraction of the heart causes more blood vessels to constrict, increasing the blood vessels' resistance.

By speeding the heartbeat, making the heart beat harder, and constricting some blood vessels, the sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure. This will enhance the vessels' resistance.

What controls blood pressure by the vasomotor center?

The vasomotor center modifies the tone of the vascular smooth muscle. Both the local and systemic blood pressure are impacted by this. The vasomotor center produces increased sympathetic tone when blood pressure lowers. This causes an increase in blood pressure.

How is blood pressure regulated?

The autonomic nervous system has short-term control over blood pressure (ANS). Baroreceptors are capable of detecting changes in blood pressure. These are situated in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. High arterial pressure causes the blood vessel wall to stretch, activating the baroreceptors.

What systems regulate peripheral resistance in the vasomotor center?

The vasomotor center in the tunica media regulates smooth muscle contraction or vessel tone. Circulating output is impacted by changes in peripheral resistance, pressure, and flow. The majority of these neurons are in charge of causing sympathetic neurons to release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.

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What type of analysis put a stop to the fbi relying on microscopic hair comparisons?

Answers

The correct answer for this question is Mitochondrial DNA.

Although the FBI has acknowledged its shortcomings, it still views microscopic hair analysis as valid and currently utilizes it in conjunction with more reliable DNA tests.

Forensic scientists use mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis when samples such as teeth, bones, and hairs without a follicle (root) are collected from crime scenes or disaster areas. MT DNA is also used when nuclear DNA is present in small amounts or is highly degraded and does not provide a complete STR profile.

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Helminths are:_________
a. molds.
b. protozoa.
c. infectious
d. particles.
e. parasitic worms.
bacteria.

Answers

Helminths are parasitic worms.

Parasitic Worms- Large macro-parasites called helminths, or parasitic worms, are typically visible as adults to the unaided eye. Many are soil-transmitted intestinal worms that infect the gastrointestinal system. Schistosomes and other parasitic worms live in blood vessels.

Gastrointestinal system- The alimentary canal, often known as the digestive system, is the body's mechanism for ingesting food and expelling solid waste. The mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus are all parts of the gastrointestinal system.

Helminths- Invertebrates known as helminths have elongated, flat, or circular bodies. Flukes and tapeworms are considered flatworms, often known as platyhelminths (platy is a Greek word that means "flat").

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If a cell has a relatively high energy need, you would expect it to have _________ mitochondria than a cell with a lower energy need.

Answers

If a cell has a relatively high energy need, you would expect it to have more mitochondria than a cell with a lower energy need.

What is mitochondria?

Most eukaryotic creatures contain a mitochondrion, a double-membrane-bound organelle. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy throughout the cell, is primarily produced by mitochondria through aerobic respiration. In the voluntary muscles of insects, they were found by Albert von Kölliker in 1857. In 1898, Carl Benda invented the name "mitochondrion." The phrase "powerhouse of the cell" was popularized by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 essay of the same name, and has since gained widespread use to refer to the mitochondrion.

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