By studying people with brain damage in certain regions of the brain, we gain a better understanding that the cognitive processes rely on the brain.
Brain is the one of the most essential organ of the body that controls the emotions, memory, touch, thought process, motor skills, breathing, body temperature, hunger and all other processes that regulates our body.
Brain along with spinal cord and its extension consists of the Central nervous systems.
Any injury or harm that can cause damage to brain cell is called brain damage. It could lead to stroke, shock, blood clots formation or other problems in the brain.
Cognitive process is the ability to make judgement and perception. It can be lost due to brain damage.
To learn more about brain here
https://brainly.com/question/11950231?
#SPJ4
A desirable nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from ______ of foods to support metabolic functions.
A desirable nutrition state occurs when body tissues have enough essential nutrients from a variety of foods to support metabolic functions.
What is metabolic function ?Your body uses a process known as metabolism to turn food and liquids into energy. This complex process, which includes calorie-dense foods and beverages, allows your body to release the energy it needs to function.
What are the metabolic processes?Some of these are catabolic routes, such as amino acid catabolism -oxidation (the breakdown of fatty acids), and glycolysis (the breaking of glucose). Others are anabolic processes, such as those involved in triglyceride synthesis and energy storage (such as glycogenosis) (lipogenesis).
Metabolic processes include the chemical reactions that keep you alive. One example of metabolism is the rate at which you burn fat and consume calories. the constant anabolic and catabolic chemical and physical processes that occur in living things and their cells.
To know more about nutrition visit :
https://brainly.com/question/2044102
#SPJ4
What is the name of a chemical that is used only on inanimate objects and cannot be safely ingested as antimicrobial?
a. antiseptic gel
b. antibiotic
c. antibody
d. sanitizer
A chemical that is used only on inanimate objects and cannot be safely ingested as antimicrobial is sanitizer
Sanitizers are the chemicals used to destroy the disease causing pathogens from the inanimate objects. These substances are generally bleach like or different proportion alcohol solutions. The basic way they work is by dissolving the protein layer of the microbe and exposing its content leading to its death.
These sanitizers may also contain some essential oils to aid the skin in staying hydrated and not dry when used. During the corona times it helped to prevent the spread of virus as people regularly used it to get rid of any germs.
To know more about sanitizer refer to the link below
https://brainly.com/question/4713569
#SPJ4
The functional layer of the endometrium is sloughed off during the ______ phase of the uterine cycle.
The functional layer of the endometrium is sloughed off during the luteal phase of the uterine cycle.
The menstrual cycle or uterine cycle is divided into two phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The luteal phase starts when the egg has been released from the ovary and starts to travel down the fallopian tube and ends at the start of the next period. The average length of the luteal phase is about 12 to 14 days.
The luteal phase consists of several events that prepares the reproductive system for pregnancy. Once the follicle has released the egg, it changes into a structure called the corpus luteum. This corpus luteum secretes oestrogen and progesterone to thicken the lining of the uterus, forming the endometrium layer. If the egg gets fertilized, the endometrium lining nourishes the developing embryo, but if no fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum dies and the functional layer of the endometrium is sloughed off during menstruation, ending the luteal phase.
Learn more about the menstrual cycle here:
https://brainly.com/question/27471285
#SPJ4
Which two statements correctly describe the relationship between science and technology
Answer:
The answer is C and D
Explanation:
The two statements that correctly describe the relationship between science and technology are
C. Scientific discoveries can be made as a result of new technology.
D. Scientific discoveries influence the development of new technology.
What are science and technology?Technology and science mutually advance one another. The development of new technologies is based on scientific understanding. Scientists are frequently able to examine nature in novel ways and create novel findings thanks to new tools.
The telescope and microscope are two examples of technology that have advanced science. Technology is the use of knowledge to accomplish practical objectives in a dependable and repeatable way. The result of such an effort is also referred to as technology.
Science, industry, communication, transportation, and daily living all make extensive use of technology.
Therefore, the correct options are C and D.
To learn more about science and technology, visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/7804664
#SPJ2
True or False:
Repetition Practice interferes with the ability to learn new information
Repetition Practice interferes with the ability to learn new information is true.
It is impossible to overstate the value of repetition. In fact, it needs to be emphasized again how important repetition is as a learning tool. It enables the transfer of a conscious skill into the subconscious, freeing up working memory and enabling the acquisition of new skills. Repetition gives kids the practice they need to acquire new skills, so it's a good thing. Repetition helps kids learn faster, builds confidence, and fortifies the neural connections in their brains that support learning. Practice doesn't always make perfect while learning a new skill. Zachariah Reagh and Michael Yassa, neurobiologists at UC Irvine, discovered that while repetition improves the factual content of memories, it can decrease the amount of detail associated with such memories.
Learn more about repetition here-
https://brainly.com/question/28084537
#SPJ9
Which macromolecule holds your genetic information, providing the instructions to manufacture proteins?.
Answer: Nucleic Acids.
Explanation: Nucleic acids are one of the 4 macromolecules. DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides and are genetic material.
Hurry please two minutes!!
recall that in science, a theory is a well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypotheses and enables scientists to make accurate predictions about new situations. how does the cell theory demonstrate this definition of this theory?
The cell theory demonstrates the scientific definition of a theory in three ways. First, it's been tested extensively. Second, it summarizes the research and observations of the many different scientists who worked at different times. Third, it allows researchers who observe evidence of cellular structure in unknown objects to form predictions about the object such as whether it is a living thing and it can reproduce itself.
What is a cell theory?
Cell theory states that the cell is the basic functional and structural unit of all living organisms. Now, modern cell theory adds that all living organisms are made up of cells and cells arise from pre-existing cells.
To know more about cell theory go to the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/1594446
Through what process does each person learn socially appropriate ways of satisfying basic biological needs within the culture into which they were born?
Enculturation is the process by which a person learns socially appropriate ways of satisfying basic biological needs within the culture into which they were born.
For a person to live in a society, it is beneficial to learn the culture, social norms, and ethics of that society in order to merge into society.
We can define enculturation as the process through which a person learns the appropriate culture, ethics, and norms of a society in order to meet the requirements or basic biological needs of the society.
The process of enculturation can occur through learning from parents, and relatives or seeing and observing other people in a society. For people who keep on moving from one place to another, enculturation will be common in order to blend into each society.
To learn more about enculturation, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/19261525
#SPJ4
In a membrane, the________of the phospholipids in one monolayer face the________of the phospholipids in the other monolayer.
In a membrane, the tail of the phospholipids in one monolayer face the tail of the phospholipids in the other monolayer.
Phospholipids are crucial for avoiding cell leakage. Phospholipid bilayers are essential to every cell in order to prevent molecule leakage through membranes. A cell's membrane is where the vast bulk of its phospholipids are found. The primary substance of the cell membrane is a phospholipid, a kind of lipid molecule. Lipids are a class of chemicals that include, among other things, waxes, certain vitamins, and fats. Two fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a glycerol molecule make up each phospholipid. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine are the four most prevalent phospholipids.
Learn more about Phospholipid
https://brainly.com/question/20561742
#SPJ4
When the drugs source of origin and chemical structure has been intentionally altered ti achieve a new beneficial property this drug is known as
When the drug's source of origin and chemical structure has been intentionally altered to realize a new beneficial property this drug is known as Synthetic Drug.
What are synthetic drugs?Drugs manufactured in a lab are known as synthetic drugs. Sometimes they'll be called designer drugs or club drugs. they have been made to mimic the effects of other drugs.
To know more about synthetic drugs go to the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/8033914
#SPJ4
When the drug's source of origin and chemical structure has been intentionally altered to realize a new beneficial property this drug is known as Synthetic Drug.
What are synthetic drugs?Drugs manufactured in a laboratory are known as synthetic drugs. Sometimes they'll be called designer drugs or club drugs.
A synthetic drug is a drug that contains with properties and effects similar to a known narcotic but having a slightly altered chemical structure, such a drug created in order to avoid restrictions against illegal substances.
What is an example of synthetic material?
Examples of Synthetic Materials include : synthetic fibers, ceramics, polymers, artificial foods and medicines, and composites. Synthetic fibers are flexible. They can be used in making clothing and other objects.
Learn more about drugs:
brainly.com/question/11067546
#SPJ4
Which code represents telephone calls by a registered nurse to a disease management program member for monitoring purposes, per month?
HCPCS S0320 represents telephone calls by a registered nurse to a disease management program member for monitoring purposes, per month
The term HCPCS is the abbreviation for Health Care Common Procedure Coding System. It refers to procedure codes by American Medical Association aimed at health care. The mentioned coding system was established in 1978. HCPCS codes were under the category of voluntary use. But, in 1996, under the HIPAA act, the usage of this coding system became mandatory. HIPAA is the abbreviated form for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
The codes are divided into three levels - level I code, level II code and level III code. Level I code is numeric in nature. It contains codes as per Current Procedural Terminology (CPT). Level II code is alpha numeric in nature. The constituents of this level of code are non physician services and prosthetic devices. Level III codes were the local codes that have been discontinued in 2003. The HCPCS S0320 is referred in short form as "Rn telephone calls to dmp".
Learn more about coding terminology -
https://brainly.com/question/4286447
#SPJ4
Name the early-twentieth-century hypothesis that was at first rejected by geologists and the more comprehensive theory that later replaced it.
The concept of continental go with the flow that cause thoughts of sea ground spreading, then the concept of plate tectonics turned into born.
The essential cause that Wegener's speculation turned into now no longer prevalent turned into due to the fact he recommended no mechanism for transferring the continents. He idea the pressure of Earth's spin turned into enough to purpose continents to move, however geologists knew that rocks are too robust for this to be true.
Wegener used fossil proof to assist his continental go with the flow speculation. The fossils of those organisms are observed on lands which can be now a ways apart. Grooves and rock deposits left via way of means of historic glaciers are observed these days on special continents very near the equator.
To learn more about Wegener's speculation here
https://brainly.com/question/28195877
#SPJ4
A(n) ____________________ is a sequence of organic nitrogen base pairs that codes for a polypeptide or a protein.
A(n) gene is a sequence of organic nitrogen base pairs that codes for a polypeptide or a protein.
What is polypeptide?
Peptides are made up of short chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. The word "peptide" comes from the Ancient Greek word "peptós," which means "digested." Oligopeptides, which comprise dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides, are chains of fewer than twenty amino acids.
A polypeptide is a peptide chain that is longer, continuous, and unbranched.
Therefore, along with nucleic acids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and others, peptides belong to the large chemical families of biological polymers and oligomers.
A protein is a polypeptide that has more than 50 amino acids, on average. A protein is made up of one or more polypeptides that are structured in a biologically useful manner. Proteins are frequently coupled to other proteins, other macromolecules like DNA or RNA, or complex macromolecular assemblies.
to know more about polypeptide
brainly.com/question/28270191
#SPJ4
describes the factor that drives the ecological footprint of a country
Responder:
Su huella ecológica depende de su cultura, la tecnología disponible para usted y las leyes y los límites relacionados con la regulación ambiental que establece su gobierno.
Explicación:
Su huella ecológica depende de su cultura, la tecnología disponible para usted y las leyes y los límites relacionados con la regulación ambiental que establece su gobierno. Su huella ecológica se ve afectada por la cantidad de tierra en la que vive, si conduce (cuánto conduce, cuál es el consumo de gasolina de su automóvil, cuáles son las leyes de emisiones en su país para los automóviles), qué alimentos come y dónde. de dónde vienen, de dónde viene su electricidad, y así sucesivamente. Por lo tanto, si vive en Suecia, donde hay un gran énfasis en la energía verde y una dependencia comparativamente baja de los combustibles fósiles, su huella se verá afectada por esto. Por el contrario, si vive en un país que aún se está desarrollando económicamente en términos de tecnología, donde la mayoría de las personas no tienen acceso a automóviles ni electricidad, su huella será menor que la de aquellos que tienen acceso regular a viajes aéreos, automóviles , electricidad, etc. Otro factor a considerar son las regulaciones gubernamentales. Si su gobierno establece que la contaminación de las fábricas y los automóviles debe cumplir con un cierto estándar, eso significará que cualquier automóvil que compre o la fábrica en la que trabaje o compre productos tendrá una huella menor que sin estos estándares gubernamentales. Esto reducirá su huella. Por último, la cultura en la que vive, cuánto valor se le da a ser verde y a la conservación, probablemente tendrá un impacto en usted. Si creces en un hogar donde el reciclaje y el compostaje son la norma y tu familia y amigos andan en bicicleta en todos los lugares posibles, esto es muy diferente de crecer en un lugar donde conducir es un símbolo de riqueza y prestigio. Yale tiene un sitio realmente excelente donde puede ver el desempeño ambiental de los países en función de sus prácticas agrícolas, recursos hídricos, clima y energía, y más.
Growth factors:____.
A. are inorganic.
B. are synthesized by the organism.
C. contain elemental oxygen.
D. cannot be synthesized by the organism.
E. all of these choices are correct.
D. cannot be synthesized by the organism.
The Study of Microbial Growth
-The Basis of Population Growth: Bacterial Cell Cycle and Binary Fission
Transverse binary fission is the mechanism used by bacteria to reproduce. In other words, one cell divides into two, and those two divide into four, and so on. A visible colony will emerge through several cell divisions within 10–24 hours once a single cell on a culture plate starts to divide.
-The Rate of Population Growth
The generation time is the length of time needed for one cell to divide. Generation times vary amongst different species; can be as low as 5 minutes and as lengthy as 30 hours. Bacteria evaluate their growth in cell counts rather than individual cell sizes. Growth is expressed in generation time.
Determinants of Population Growth
Over time, bacterial growth adheres to a growth curve—a predictably growing pattern.
Other Methods of Analyzing Population Growth
In liquid media, microbe growth causes turbidity. A spectrophotometer can be used to detect turbidity; however, not all bacterial cells are alive, therefore a higher absorbance indicates a higher bacterial cell count.
The six primary physical elements that influence the proliferation of microbes are highlighted in the following sentences. These elements are:1. Solutes and Water Acidity
2. Temperature
3. pH
4. Oxygen Requirements
5. Pressure
6. Radiation.
To learn more about Growth factors click below-
https://brainly.com/question/14732566
#SPJ4
Single-celled organisms that cause a variety of diseases in animals, plants, and humans and may also produce extremely potent toxins inside the human body are?
Single-celled organisms that cause a variety of diseases in animals, plants, and humans and may also produce extremely potent toxins inside the human body are known as bacteria.
What are Diseases?Diseases may be defined as any circumstance that significantly involves harmful divergence from the normal structural or functional condition and state of an organism. It is generally associated with certain indications and symptoms and differs in nature from physical injury.
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that remarkably lack a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound cell organelles. These organisms are capable of inducing a variety of diseases in animals, plants, and humans and may also produce extremely potent toxins inside the human body.
Therefore, bacteria are single-celled organisms that cause a variety of diseases in animals, plants, and humans.
To learn more about Bacteria, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/17817006
#SPJ4
respira
photosynthesis are two of the major processes involved in cycling carbon
through the carbon cycle. Examine the model. How does cellular respiration cycle carbon
compounds through the biosphere? Choose the TWO choices that apply.
Sunlight
Carbon Cycle
CO₂ in the
atmosphere
Photosynthesis
by producers
Plant
respiration
Carbon fixation
by consumers
Animal
respiration
Decomposition
Fossils and fossil fuels
Fossil fuel
combustion
Cellular respiration absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Cellular respiration uses carbon containing compounds to produce ATP.
Cellular respiration absorbs carbon containing compounds from the soil.
Cellular respiration releases carbon containing compounds into the soil.
When forming a semi-solid gel such as gelatin, which molecules does the process of protein coagulation entrap?.
Answer:
When forming a semi-solid gel such as gelatin, water molecules does the process of protein coagulation entrap.
Explanation:
Since the proteins that make up gelatin, which is mostly generated from collagen, are significantly bigger than typically dissolved different molecules but are uniformly distributed all across the water, gelatin is just a colloid once it is dissolved in liquid. It is particularly a solution, a colloid that consists of solid particles spread throughout another material. The distributed phase refers to the inferior component of a colloid, in this example gelatin. Gelatin is just a liquid while it's heated and turns into a gel when it's cold. Another sort of colloid is a gel, which is created when a liquid is spread by a solid. The gelatin gel may be made liquid again by heating it. Furthermore, any colloid contains extremely big particles in solution. Since organic molecules may be much bigger than the majority of inorganic molecules, colloidal particles are particularly prevalent in biomolecules.
You can learn more from the following link:
https://brainly.com/question/28504048
#SPJ4
In a diploid organism with 12 chromosomes, how many different arrangements of chromosomes can be generated by independent assortment?
Answer:
In a diploid organism with 12 chromosomes, 64 different arrangements of chromosomes can be generated by independent assortment
Explanation:
According to Mendel's independent assortment law, all of the alleles of two or more distinct genes are separately selected into gametes. We can also that an allele once per gene doesn't really affect the allele for just another gene that a gamete gets. This is an important step in sexual reproduction that enables 2 gamete cells to unite to form a diploid zygote that has all the DNA needed to develop a new life. Mendelian dihybrid crosses are an ideal demonstration of independent assortment. Spherical green, as well as wrinkled yellow, are two main pairings that indicate the genes responsible for seed color and shape are separately sorted. a member of a chromosome pair that share genetic information but comes from both sperm and eggs rather than another source.
You can learn more at:
https://brainly.com/question/28502293
#SPJ4
Hich metabolic manifestations are likely to be observed in a client with hypothyroidism? select all that apply.
The metabolic symptoms seen in a hypothyroid client include cold intolerance and a drop in body temperature. The main symptom of hypothyroidism is impaired memory. The pulmonary symptom seen in the hypothyroid client is difficulty breathing. The cardiovascular symptom seen in a client with hypothyroidism is decreased blood pressure.
1 A weak memory Correct
2 Cold intolerance
3 Breathing issues
4 Drop in blood pressure
5 Reduced body temperature,
What is hypothyroidism?When you have hypothyroidism, your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of a few critical b(underactive thyroid). Hypothyroidism may not initially manifest any overt symptoms. Infertility, obesity, joint pain, and heart disease are just a few health problems that untreated hypothyroidism can eventually result in.
Accurate thyroid function tests are available to diagnose hypothyroidism. Synthetic thyroid hormone therapy is often simple, safe, and effective after you and your doctor identify the right dosage for you.
Depending on how severe the hormone deficiency is, various hypothyroidism signs and symptoms may be present. Many times, problems develop slowly over several years. At initially, hypothyroidism symptoms like fatigue and weight gain could go unrecognized. Or you might simply accuse them of getting older.
To know more about hypothyroidism from given link
https://brainly.com/question/14724624
#SPJ4
The metabolic manifestations are likely to be observed during a client with hypothyroidism--
Intolerance to cold
Decreased vital sign
Decreased blood heat
What does it mean if you've got hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism (under active thyroid) may be a condition in which your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of certain crucial hormones.
What is the main cause of hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism means the thyroid gland can't make enough thyroid hormone to keep the body running normally. People are hypothyroid if they need too little thyroid hormone in the blood. Common causes are autoimmune disorder , like Hashimoto's thyroiditis, surgical removal of the thyroid, and radiation treatment.
Learn more about hypothyroidism:
brainly.com/question/16940539
#SPJ4
Determine whether the given procedure results in a binomial distribution. if not, give the reason why not. toss a coin, and record the number of tosses until the first head
Yes it is a binomial distribution
The binomial distribution was the sum of the series of the multiple independent and the identically distributed Bernoulli trials. In the Bernoulli trial, the experiment was said to be random and they can only have two possible outcomes: the success or the failure. the Binomial distribution is the common probability the distribution was that models the probability of to obtaining the one of two outcomes and under a given number of the parameters. It is summarizes the number of the trials when each trial has to be the same chance of the attaining one of the specific outcome. The binomial distribution was model allows us to compute the probability of the observing the specified number of "successes" when the process is also repeated a specific number of the times (e.g., in a set of patients) and the outcome for the given patient is either the success or a failure
To know more about binomial distribution visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10741251
#SPJ4
How do macrophages activate the adaptive immune response? (Short answer please)
Enzymes that use oxidation to convert food materials into energy are found in sausage-shaped structures called __________.
Enzymes that use oxidation to convert food materials into energy are found in sausage-shaped structures called: Mitochondria.
The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, which are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular). Adenosine triphosphate, a tiny molecule, serves as a storage container for the chemical energy generated by the mitochondria (ATP).
In addition to producing bioenergy, mitochondria also play important roles in apoptosis, autophagy, heme biosynthesis, oxygen sensing, and calcium homeostasis.
They are tubular-shaped organelles bound by double membranes. The abrupt structural changes from a tubular to a globular shape, known as mitochondrial fragmentation, are brought on by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The globular mitochondria that arise are known as swollen or ring/doughnut mitochondria.
To learn more about Mitochondria please visit-
https://brainly.com/question/14740753
#SPJ4
What type(s) of cell signaling mechanism require(s) a receptor in the target cell for information to be transferred to another cell?
a. autocrine
b. gap
c. paracrine
d. hormonal
The correct answer is options: A, C and D
The types of cell signaling mechanisms that require a receptor in the target cell for information to be transferred to another cell are autocrine, paracrine, and hormonal.
In multicellular organisms, cells transfer information and use various types of chemical signals to communicate with each other known as receptors.
Cell signaling mechanisms are of four types: endocrine signaling, hormonal mechanism, paracrine and autocrine signaling.
In this process, cells transmit, process, and receive signals across their environment and themselves.
Moreover, cells also release certain types of fluids or substances that are taken up by the surrounding cells.
If you need to learn more about receptors click here:
https://brainly.com/question/25753221
#SPJ4
Hydrolysis _____ a water molecule.
a. joins compounds by removing
b. breaks down compounds by removing
c. joins compounds by adding
d. breaks down compounds by adding
Hydrolysis breaks down compounds by adding a water molecule.
Hydrolysis is a reaction that breaks down the chemical bonds between molecules via the addition of a water molecule.
For example, hydrolysis of high-energy compound (ATP) using water:
ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi
ATP is short for adenosine triphosphate.
Adenosine triphosphate converts to either the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP), in this process energy is released.
Another examples, hydrolysis of an ester gives a carboxylate and an alcohol. Hydrolysis of a fat gives glycerol and fat acids. Hydrolysis of an ester gives an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
More about hydrolysis: brainly.com/question/4352413
#SPJ4
What were the three key observations made by darwin that allowed him to deduce that natural selection is a primary driver of evolution?.
Answer:
Organisms produce more offspring than survive, variation exists among members of populations, and advantageous variations increase in relative frequency over time.
Explanation:
let me know if this helps
Answer: Organisms produce more offspring than survive, variation exists among members of populations, and advantageous variations increase in relative frequency over time.
Explanation:
What were the three key observations made by Darwin that allowed him to deduce that natural selection is a primary driver of evolution? Organisms produce more offspring than survive, variation exists among members of populations, and advantageous variations increase in relative frequency over time.
Which part of the brain is responsible for thinking and planning? limbic system hypothalamus brain stem cerebral cortex
Cerebral Cortex is responsible for thinking and planning.
Cerebral Cortex- The outer layer of neuronal tissue that makes up the cerebrum of the brains in mammals and humans is called the cerebral cortex, often referred to as the cerebral mantle. Only 10% of the cerebral cortex is made up of allocortex, which is a six-layered structure.
Neuronal tissue- The neural tissue performs some specific duties as a specialized tissue. It is the primary element of the nervous system, including the central and peripheral nervous systems. The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are the three main components of our nervous system that are made of nervous tissue.
To know more about the Cerebral Cortex, click on the below link,
https://brainly.com/question/1191477
#SPJ4
Imagine that, of three species, it is known that species 1 and 3 were separated 10 million years ago, based on geologic measurements. Genetic analysis at a neutral locus indicates that these species differ by 100 substitutions. If there are 10 substitutions separating species 1 and 2, approximately how long ago did these species diverge?.
Answer: 1 million years ago
Prions are infectious particles that can cause normal proteins to assume a misfolded shape. when the proteins assume an abnormal three- dimensional shape, they:_________
Lose their function.
Prions are contagious particles that can lead to the misfolding of regular proteins.
The function of the proteins is lost when they take on an aberrant three-dimensional form.
What causes misfolding in prions?Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are linked to the human prion protein's (PrP) abnormal folding and aggregation (TSEs). The transformation of PrP from its cellular form into its pathological scrapie conformation produces intermediate conformations, which are a significant factor in the misfolding process.Protein shapes are they altered by prions?Normal PrPC proteins can be transformed into the infectious isoform by the infectious isoform of PrP, also known as PrPSc or simply the prion, by changing their conformation, or shape, which then changes how the proteins attach to one another.How can misfolded proteins called prions spread disease?The self-replicating isoform of the endogenous prion protein, PRP(c), which binds to the cellular PRP and transforms it into the infectious self-replicating form, is thought to be the mechanism that creates prions.To learn more about prions visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13574637
#SPJ4
Most cells are relatively small for reasons related to the of substances into and out of cells.
According to the research, the correct option is transport. Most cells are relatively small for reasons related to the transport of substances into and out of cells.
What is cellular transport?They are mechanisms that allow substances to cross membranes and move molecules between the inside and outside of cells are essential for life.
In this sense, given that the cell constitutes the smallest and simplest form of biological organization, these functions of the plasmatic membrane are of great importance for the cell, if the cells were incapable of carrying out said transport, the organism would not carry out its vital activities .
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is transport. Most cells are relatively small for reasons related to the transport of substances into and out of cells.
Learn more about cellular transport here: https://brainly.com/question/13850119
#SPJ1
