Build the molecular models of the compounds listed below and draw the Fischer projection for each of them. In the Fischer projection when the compound has more than one stereogenic center the longest carbon chain is drawn from top to bottom (vertical), with the functional group carbon at the top (top). Identify the pairs of molecules that represent enantiomers and diastereomers and identify each stereogenic center by writing R or S next to it.

For Sn;

Protons = 50,  Electrons = 50

For Mg^2+

Protons 12, Electrons = 10

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number and determines the chemical identity of the element. Each element has a unique atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of one of its atoms.

To determine the number of protons in an atom, you can look up the atomic number of the element in the periodic table. The periodic table is a chart that organizes elements based on their atomic number and other properties. The atomic number is listed for each element and indicates the number of protons in its nucleus.

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The compound with half life of 17 minute have the rate constant of 0.040 minutes⁻¹ will take  to reach  to 12.5%  of  the initial amount .

Half life of a sample is the time required to consume half of its initial amount in a reaction.

For a first order reaction,

the rate constant k  = 1/t ln W0/Wt

where t is the time of consumption, W0 be the initial amount and Wt be the amount after time t.

The half life of the compound =  17 minutes

rate constant = k = 0.693/17 = 0.040 minutes⁻¹

The time taken to reach the concentration of 12.5 % of its original amount is calculated as follows:

t = 1/k  ln Wo/(Wt )

= ln( 100/12.5)/ 0.040 minutes⁻¹

= 52.49 minutes

Therefore, taken to reach the concentration  12.5%  of  the initial amount is 52.49 minutes.

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Answer:

Single replacement

Explanation:

Answer:

single replacement reaction

Explanation:

This type of reaction, one element is swapped with another element in a compound, leading to the formation of two new compounds. The element A replaces one of the elements in compound B to form element C and compound D.

In a single replacement reaction, the reactants are typically elements in their elemental form and a compound. The element that is replaced is typically one that is more reactive, meaning it has a greater tendency to react and form a new compound. The new compound that is formed is typically more stable, meaning it has a lower tendency to react and form another new compound.


ALLEN

The length in inches would be 4.921 x [tex]10^{-3[/tex] inches.

We want to convert the with of human hair from 125 μm to inches.

Recall that:

1 μm = [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m

Thus:

125 μm = 125 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m

Also:

1 m = 39.37 inches

Thus:

125 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m = 39.37 x 125 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex] m

                     = 4921.25 x  [tex]10^{-6[/tex] inches

                     = 4.921 x [tex]10^{-3[/tex] inches

In other words, 125 μm is equivalent to 4.921 x [tex]10^{-3[/tex] inches.

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The relationship between rate and reactant concentration is given by the rate equation. Here reaction 2 is 2.4289 times faster than 1.

An equation which expresses the experimentally observed rate of a reaction in terms of the molar concentrations of the reactants that determine the rate of a reaction is called the rate equation.

Rate ∝ concentration

Rate = k [ concentration ]

Rate₁ / Rate₂ = k [conc]₁ / [conc]₂

= k × 0.210 / k × 0.510

= 0.4117

Rate₁ =  0.4117 × Rate₂

Rate₁ / 0.4117 = Rate₂

2.4289 × Rate₁ = Rate₂

Thus reaction 2 is 2.4289 times faster compared to reaction 1.

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Answer:Decompositiin

Explanation:

Answer:

decomposition

Explanation:

Decomposition is a chemical reaction where a compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds or elements. The reverse process of decomposition is called synthesis or combination. In this process, two or more simple substances react to form a more complex compound. Decomposition reactions can be either spontaneous or induced by heat, light, or other forms of energy. Decomposition reactions are often used in industrial processes to extract metal from ore or to produce fertilizers and other products.

ALLEN

Answer:

The molar mass of iron (Fe) is approximately 55.845 g/mol or 55,845 Daltons.

Explanation:

Aɳʂɯҽɾҽԃ Ⴆყ ɠσԃKEY ꦿ

According to the stoichiometry of the chemical reaction, the limiting reactant is oxygen which is important for reaction to proceed.

Stoichiometry is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.

Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.It is important while balancing chemical equations and chemical calculations used for making solutions or dilutions.

The limiting reagent is oxygen as  it is present in less amount and will limit the formation of product that is mercuric oxide.Once it is used up, the reaction will not proceed.

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The balanced equation for the chemical reaction is:

NH₄NO₃ -> N₂O + 2H₂O

The balancing chemical equation is done by doing a head count of the different element present on both sides of the equation to ensure the are the equal.

This however is in line with the law of conservation of matter which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction but can be transferred from one form to another.

Now, we shall the balance equation as shown below:

NH₄NO₃ -> N₂O + H₂O

There are 4 atoms of H on the left side and 2 on the right side. It can be balanecd by writing 2 before H₂O as shown below:

NH₄NO₃ -> N₂O + 2H₂O

Now the equationis balanced.

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Answer:

the answer is 5

Explanation:becuase it is great for the society

The total volume of sea water is 1.5 × 10²¹ L. The amount of gold in the whole volume is 6 × 10¹¹ g of gold. Then, if one gram rate $18.23, the total worth of gold is $ 1.09×10¹³.

Gold is a metal widely used in ornaments and other plating as well. It is excavating from the places where its minerals or ore can be found in abundant and it worth higher prize.

Given that, 2.6 ml or 0.0026 L of ocean water contains 4 × 10⁻¹⁰ g of gold. Then, 1.5 × 10²¹ g contains,

1.5 × 10²¹ ×4 × 10⁻¹⁰ /0.0026=  6× 10¹¹ g of gold.

Price of one gram of gold  = $18.23

then, price of the total amount 6× 10¹¹ g = 6× 10¹¹ g×$18.23 = $ 1.09×10¹³.

Therefore, the total price of gold in the world's ocean is $ 1.09×10¹³.

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Answer:

Only few substances can be used as natural indicators because, some natural indicators do not have chemical properties which can change the color of substances.

Explanation:

Natural indicators are obtained from natural sources such as plants. Some of the common examples of natural indicators include red cabbage, turnip skin, cherries, beetroots and more. The natural indicators will help individuals distinguish if it is a base or an acid.

The solutions can be arranged in order of decreasing freezing points as follows: 0.2 M CaCl2 > 0.15 M NaCl > 0.1 M Na3PO4 > 0.1 M C2H5OH > 0.01 M CO2

The freezing point of a solution is lowered by the presence of solute particles, and the degree of lowering is proportional to the concentration of the solute.

Based on the given concentrations, we can arrange the solutions in order of decreasing freezing points as follows:

0.2 M CaCl2: This solution has the highest concentration of solute particles, and therefore the lowest freezing point. Calcium chloride dissociates into three ions in solution, which contributes to a greater degree of freezing point depression.

0.15 M NaCl: This solution has a lower concentration of solute particles compared to CaCl2, but still has a significant effect on the freezing point of the solution.

0.1 M Na3PO4: This solution contains a polyatomic ion, which dissociates into four particles in solution, contributing to a greater degree of freezing point depression than a monatomic ion like NaCl.

0.1 M C2H5OH: This is a molecular solute that does not dissociate in solution, and therefore has a lower effect on the freezing point compared to ionic solutes.

0.01 M CO2: This is also a molecular solute, and has the lowest effect on the freezing point due to its low concentration.

In summary, the solutions can be arranged in order of decreasing freezing points as follows: 0.2 M CaCl2 > 0.15 M NaCl > 0.1 M Na3PO4 > 0.1 M C2H5OH > 0.01 M CO2.

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Taking into account the definition of Avogadro's Number, 2.5959×10²³ particles of PF₅ are present in 0.431 moles of PF₅.

Avogadro's number is the number of constituent particles (usually atoms or molecules) found in one mole amount of substance. Therefore, it is the proportional factor that relates the molar mass of a substance to the mass of a sample.

Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.

You can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of PF₅ contains 6.023×10²³ particles, 0.431 mole of the compound contains how many particles?

amount of particles= (0.431 moles × 6.023×10²³ particles)÷ 1 mole

amount of particles= 2.5959×10²³ particles

Finally, 2.5959×10²³ particles of PF₅ are present.

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C-X bond in the compound L below are distributed in the bond cleavage to form free radical.

How do bonds break?

When a bond is broken through heterolytic cleavage, also known as heterolysis, one of the fragments still has the shared pair of electrons from the original connection. Because it has both bonding electrons, one fragment acquires an electron while the other loses one. Another name for this procedure is ionic fission.

Any molecular species that has an unpaired electron in an atomic orbital and is capable of independent existence is referred to as a free radical. Most radicals exhibit certain similar characteristics when an unpaired electron is present. Many radicals are highly reactive and inherently unstable.

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Answer:

The main function of chloroplast in a plant is to prepare food for the plant, by the process of photosynthetic in the plant cell

Chloroplast contains a green pigment

Explanation:

Answer:

The main function of chloroplasts in a plant cell is to perform photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy through a process called the light-dependent reactions. The chemical energy is then used to produce glucose and other sugars from carbon dioxide and water in a process called the light-independent reactions or the Calvin cycle. This process provides the plant with its energy source, as well as produces oxygen as a by-product.

Explanation:

Theoretically, carbon dioxide can be produced by multiplying 0.139 moles of glucose by 6 moles of carbon dioxide per mole of glucose, which results in 0.834 moles of carbon dioxide.

The theoretical yield of a chemical reaction is the volume of a product that is produced when a limiting reactant is completely converted. Because it indicates the product amount that would result from a perfect (theoretical) chemical reaction, it is not the same as that of the quantity that would actually acquire from a reaction in the lab.

Calculate its molar mass of a element by the weight of the compound, then multiply the result by 100 to determine the theoretical proportion of the element in the compound. The actual yield of a product in a chemical reaction is calculated by dividing it by the theoretical yield and multiplying the result by 100.

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If  100.0 g of silver chloride is converted, the amount of silver metal that would be produced would be 94.6 g.

Mass is described as the quantitative measure of inertia which is a fundamental property of all matter.

The reaction formula ]provided is already balanced, therefore the molar ratio of silver chloride to silver metal is 1:1.

Therefore, if 100.0 g of silver chloride is converted, we can expect to produce 100.0 g of silver metal but the yield of the reaction is only 94.6%, which means  that only 94.6 g of silver metal would actually be produced.

We can calculated as follows:

100.0 g × 0.946 = 94.6 g

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In the given reaction, carbon disulfide acts as an excess reagent and oxygen acts as a limiting reagent.

a) Oxygen is the limiting reactant.

b) 0.667 moles of carbon disulfide will still be present.

c) The formation of 0.333 moles of carbon dioxide and 0.667 moles of sulfur dioxide.

provided here,

To make 1 mole of carbon dioxide and 2 moles of sulfur dioxide from 1 mole of carbon disulfide, 3 moles of oxygen are required.

1.00 ol of carbon disulfide is the number of moles.

One mole of oxygen is equal to 1.00 mol.

The limiting reactant is oxygen. It will be totally eaten. (1.00 mol).

(B) An excess reactant is carbon disulfide. It will respond with

Oxygen reacts with 0.33 moles of carbon disulfide.

The extra reagent still present:

0.667 moles There will be a residue of carbon disulfide.

In order to make one mole of carbon disulfide and one mole each of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, you need three moles of oxygen.

The carbon dioxide equivalent for 1 mole of oxygen is 1 mole/3, or 0.333 moles.

Sulfur dioxide is equal to 0.667 moles per 1.00 mol of oxygen (1.00 mol/(3/2)) mol.

Since carbon disulfide is an excess reagent in the above reaction, oxygen is a limiting reagent.

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Answer:

perfume B

Explanation:

To determine which perfume a person will smell first, we need to determine the rate at which each perfume will travel to the person. The rate of a gas is proportional to the square root of its molar mass and the difference in partial pressures between the gas and the surroundings.

Since both perfumes are at the same temperature, the difference in partial pressures between the two perfumes will be the same. As a result, the perfume with the smaller molar mass (perfume B) will travel faster to the person and be smelled first.

The concentration of the diluted solution is 0.92 M.

What is concentration?

Concentration refers to the amount of a substance present in a given volume or mass of a solution. It is typically expressed as the amount of solute per unit volume of solution or per unit mass of solvent.

To calculate the concentration of the diluted solution, we need to use the formula:

C1V1 = C2V2

where C1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, C2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.

Plugging in the values given, we get:

C1 = 11.8 M

V1 = 15.7 mL

V2 = 200 mL

We want to find C2, so we rearrange the formula to solve for C2:

C2 = (C1 x V1) / V2

Substituting the values, we get:

C2 = (11.8 M x 15.7 mL) / 200 mL

C2 = 0.92 M

Therefore, the concentration of the diluted solution is 0.92 M.

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0.065 moles are there in 2.6 grams of Argon.

What is moles?

Moles, in chemistry, are a measure of the amount of a substance. One mole is equal to 6.022 x 10^23 particles or molecules of that substance. This number is known as Avogadro's number. Moles are used to measure the amount of a substance because it is easier to work with than counting individual particles or molecules. For example, it is easier to work with the number of moles of a substance than to count the individual atoms, molecules, or ions.

No. of moles =given mass/molar mass

Or,

n=w/m ______ (1)

So in this question we are given the value of w= 2.6 g

Now, the molar mass of argon is 39.948 g/mol

m=39.948 g/mol

So, substituting these values in equation (1) we get,

n= 2.6/ 39.948 = 0.065 mol

Therefore, 0.065 moles are in 2.6 grams of Argon.

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The balanced molecular equation, including phases, for the reaction of aqueous sodium phosphate with aqueous iron(II) nitrate is given below:

molecular equation: Na₃PO₄ (aq) + 2 Fe(NO₃)₂ (aq) → 2 Fe₃(PO₄)₂ (s) + 6 NaNO₃ (aq)

Molecular equations are a type of chemical equation that shows the chemical formulas of reactants and products without indicating the ionic behavior of the species. In other words, molecular equations do not show the dissociation of ionic compounds into their constituent ions in aqueous solutions. This type of equation is commonly used to represent reactions in solid-state or gas-phase.

The molecular equation for the reaction of aqueous sodium phosphate with aqueous iron(II) nitrate is:

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If you coated the surface of a penny with a thin layer of a nonpolar liquid (oil) and then dropped alcohol and water onto the penny what would occur is that the alcohol will mix with the water and spread out to form a thin layer on top of the oil.

Any molecule without any electrical charges or partial charges is said to be a nonpolar substance. Atoms with similar levels of electronegativity make up nonpolar compounds.

Alcohol is a polar substance and water is also a polar substance.

Hence, the water and alcohol will not mix with the oil because oil is nonpolar and will not dissolve in a polar solvent like water or alcohol.

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[H+] > [OH-] of the following conditions indicate an acidic solution at 25 °C among the rest options.

Option C is correct.

A solution with a pH of less than 7 is said to be acidic. A solution's acidity or basicity is measured on the pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. Solutions with a pH of 7 or higher are basic or alkaline, while solutions with a pH lower than 7 are acidic.

The presence of more hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-) in an acidic solution is a sign of its acidity. The degree to which an acid contributes hydrogen ions to a solution determines its strength. Acids are substances that do this.

Lemon juice, vinegar, and stomach acid are all common examples of solutions that are acidic. Acids can corrode metals and other materials and have a sour taste.

At 25°C, the following conditions indicate an acidic solution:

The condition pOH = 9.66 indicates a basic solution, and [OH-] > [H+] also indicates a basic solution.

pH = 4.25 [H+] > 1.0 x 10⁻⁷ M [H+] > [OH-]

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20 is the correct answer .

What is Absorbance ?

In physics and chemistry, "absorbance" (also known as "optical density") is a measure of how much light is absorbed by a material as it passes through it.  It is expressed as a logarithmic ratio of the intensity of the incident light (I0) to the intensity of the transmitted light (I), typically using the formula A = -log(I/I0). The absorbance of a material depends on its composition and the wavelength of the incident light. Absorbance is commonly used to quantify the concentration of a substance in a solution, using a spectrophotometer or other optical instrument that can measure the amount of light absorbed by the solution at a specific wavelength. The Beer-Lambert law states that there is a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration, making it a useful tool in analytical chemistry and biochemistry.

E = A/cb

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the empirical formula of the compound  that contains 1. 04 g k, 0. 70 g cr, and 0. 86 g o. is K0.5Cr1O2.

The empirical formula of a compound is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound. To find the empirical formula of a compound, you need to determine the number of moles of each element present in the sample.

First, you need to convert the masses of each element to moles:

For potassium (K), 1.04 g / 39.10 g/mol = 0.0264 moles

For chromium (Cr), 0.70 g / 51.99 g/mol = 0.0134 moles

For oxygen (O), 0.86 g / 16.00 g/mol = 0.0538 moles

Next, divide each number of moles by the smallest number of moles to get the simplest whole-number ratio:For potassium (K), 0.0264 moles / 0.0264 moles = 1

For chromium (Cr), 0.0134 moles / 0.0264 moles = 0.5

For oxygen (O), 0.0538 moles / 0.0264 moles = 2.0

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is K0.5Cr1O2. This represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound.

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A synthetic membrane made of phospholipids but lacking proteins permits the passage of hydrophobic molecules, small polar molecules, large polar molecules, and ions.

Transport is the term used to describe the movement of molecules within a cell from one location to another. Hydrophobic molecules, such as oxygen, are the first to cross a synthetic membrane made of phospholipids rather than protein, followed by small polar molecules like water, large polar molecules like glucose, and then ions, which may be sodium ions. Ions are the last to cross a membrane. If the hydrophobic molecules are small enough, they can easily flow through the plasma membrane because the inside of the membrane also despises water.

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