You should suspect GI bleeding in a 74-year-old female patient presenting melena and dyspepsia symptoms along with Jaundice symptoms
GI bleeding is a sign of a problem in the digestive system. Blood is frequently found in vomit or stool but is not always noticeable, although it could end up causing the stool to appear black or tarry: melena. The patient might also experience dyspepsia, also known as indigestion.
The bleeding can vary from moderate to severe and can be fatal. Any of these body parts can experience GI bleeding. Upper GI bleeding occurs when bleeding occurs in the digestive tract, stomach, or first section of the duodenum. Lower GI bleeding is in the lower duodenum, large intestine, or rectum.
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While caring for a trauma patient, blood splashes into an emt's eyes. this is an example of?
While caring for a trauma patient, blood splashes into an EMT's eyes. This is an example of exposure.
A person who has sustained a bodily injury, whether slight, major, life-threatening or possibly life-threatening, is referred to as a trauma patient. Typically, traumatic wounds are categorized as blunt or penetrating wounds.
The doctor should be aware of the traumatized person's diverse requirements. When patients feel ready, listen to them and encourage them to discuss their reactions. Accept the person's emotional responses. An intense, agonizing reaction is a typical reaction to a distressing incident.
Anxiety and panic attacks, fear, rage, irritability, obsessions and compulsions, shock and disbelief, emotional numbing and detachment, depression, shame and guilt (especially if the person dealing with the trauma survived while others did not), obsessions and compulsions, obsessions and compulsions, and shame and guilt.
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The nurse is working in the mental health clinic communicating with a client who is having auditory hallucinations. what should the nurse say to effectively communicate with this client?
"Although I don't hear the voices, I can see why they seem genuine to you."
Presenting truth is an illustration of a therapeutic communication strategy. For the client, the nurse should clarify reality or describe how they perceive the issue.
Therapeutic communication strategy- Here are some examples of therapeutic communication strategies, including active listening, quiet, focusing, asking open-ended questions, clarifying, exploring, paraphrasing, reflecting, restating, giving leads, summarizing, acknowledging, and offering oneself.
Hallucinations- In the absence of an external trigger, hallucinations are experiences that are accompanied by a strong sensation of reality. Hallucinations are a hallmark of schizophrenia and are thought to affect 60% to 70% of those who have the condition, with auditory hallucinations being the most prevalent.
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The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of the client's pain medication and notes the client is hard to arouse. the nurse interprets this as:________
Answer:The patient may be over-sedated.
Explanation:
What are non-digestible carbohydrates that promote gi health, increase satiety, and reduce risks of heart disease, diseases, and some cancers?.
fiber is the non-digestible carbohydrates that promote gi health, increase satiety, and reduce risks of heart disease, diseases, and some cancers.
Answer:
Explanation:fiber is the non-digestible carbohydrates that promote gi health, increase satiety, and reduce risks of heart disease, diseases, and some cancers.
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:_____.
An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to provide emotional support en route to the hospital.
In 2006, there were 119 million visits to the emergency room (ED), and 8 million (7%) of those visits were for abdominal pain. Anyone who practices emergency medicine (EM) must, of course, be proficient in evaluating abdominal pain. Although a common symptom, stomach discomfort needs to be treated seriously because it frequently signals a serious illness and can lead to misdiagnosis. In a large number of medical malpractice cases involving general and pediatric emergency room doctors, abdominal pain presents as the primary complaint
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If a greater dose of a drug is given, a great response is noted until the point is reached when the response no longer improves with increased dosing. this is known as the
If a greater dose of a drug is given, a great response is noted until the point is reached when the response no longer improves with increased dosing. this is known as pharmacodynamics.
What do you mean by pharmacodynamics?The study of a drug's molecular, biochemical, and physiological effects or actions is known as pharmacodynamics. Its root terms are "pharmakon," which means "medication," and "dynamics," which means "power." All medications work by interacting with biological targets or structures at the molecular level to alter the target molecule's functionality in relation to upcoming intermolecular interactions. These interactions include chemical interactions, receptor binding, and post-receptor consequences. Examples of these interactions include medications that bind to an enzyme's active site, medications that interfere with cell surface signaling proteins to obstruct downstream signaling, and medications that act by interacting with molecules like tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
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Areas that have a large prevalence of malaria, such as africa, have a high frequency of children who have sickle cell anemia or are carriers of the trait. What role does the concept of natural selection play in this trend?.
Being a carrier of, or having sickle cell anemia is adaptive in this region, because it protects against malaria. Subsequently, children born with sickle cell anemia are less likely to die from malaria.
What is malaria?A parasite that frequently infects a particular kind of mosquito that feeds on people can result in the severe and occasionally deadly illness known as malaria. Malaria often causes severe disease, including high fevers, shivering chills, and flu-like symptoms. Humans are infected by Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae, four different types of malaria parasites. Additionally, P. knowlesi, a kind of malaria that infects macaques naturally in Southeast Asia, infects people as well, resulting in malaria that is transferred from animal to human ("zoonotic" malaria). The kind of malaria known as P. falciparum is the most likely to cause severe infections and, if untreated, may be fatal.
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Blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed. True or false?.
The statement 'blood on the right never mixes with blood on the left, once the heart is fully developed' is true.
The heart can be described as the organ through which oxygenated blood travels to the whole body. It is also the organ where deoxygenated blood is brought from the whole body.
Once the heart is fully developed, the right and the left side of the heart are separated through a muscular wall. It is due to this muscular wall that the blood from both sides of the heart i,e the right side and the left side do not mix with each other.
The heart is made up of four chambers which are protected by valves to stop the backward flow of the heart. Hence, the proper separation of the left side and right side through a muscular wall helps to separate the heart sides.
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The order for the patient reads: ondansetron (zofran) 2 mg iv now. the vial of zofran on the floor contains 4mg/5ml. how many ml should be administered?
The order for the patient reads ondansetron (zofran) 2 mg iv now. the vial of zofran on the floor contains 4mg/5ml. 2.5 ml should be administered.
What is ondansetron (zofran) injection?For the prevention of nausea and vomiting brought on by initial and subsequent courses of emetogenic cancer treatment, particularly high-dose cisplatin, ZOFRAN Injection is recommended. Patients must be at least 6 months old to use ZOFRAN. It is recommended to take Zofran Injection to stop postoperative nausea and/or vomiting. Routine prophylaxis is not advised for individuals in whom there is little likelihood that postoperative nausea and/or vomiting will occur, as is the case with other antiemetics. Even when there is a low likelihood of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting, Zofran Injection is advised for patients in whom it is necessary to prevent it. If a patient does not receive preventive Zofran Injection and develops postoperative nausea and/or vomiting, Zofran Injection may be administered to stop subsequent occurrences.
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All obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by?
All obstructive pulmonary disorders are characterized by resistance to airflow.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an aberrant inflammatory response in the lungs and a poorly reversible airflow restriction. The latter describes the immune system's innate and adaptive reactions to repeated exposure to toxic substances, including cigarette smoke.
All cigarette smokers experience some pulmonary inflammation, however individuals who develop COPD react to harmful chemicals abnormally or more strongly than other smokers do.
This heightened reaction may cause tissue damage (emphysema), mucous hypersecretion (chronic bronchitis), and disruption of natural repair and defense systems, leading to inflammation and fibrosis in the small airways (bronchiolitis).
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The nurse knows that part of the education plan for a client with the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia needs to include which lifestyle changes? (select all that apply.)
The following are applied:
• Reduction of the intake of saturated fats.
• Weight loss
• Increased physical activity.
What is hyperlipidemia?You have too many lipids (fats) in your blood if you have hyperlipidemia, commonly referred to as dyslipidemia or high cholesterol. In order to aid in food digestion and the production of hormones, your liver produces cholesterol. However, meals from the meat and dairy sections also contain cholesterol. The cholesterol in meals you eat is excess since your liver can produce all the cholesterol you require. A high cholesterol level (240 mg/dL is high, 200 mg/dL to 239 mg/dL is borderline high) is unhealthy because it can clog the arteries that carry blood to different parts of your body. Your organs are harmed if they don't get enough blood from your arteries.
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Which type of medicine uses vitamin therapy, herbal remedies, and chiropractic care?
Natural Medicine is the type of medicine uses vitamin therapy, herbal remedies, and chiropractic care.
Natural Medicine- Natural medicine, often known as naturopathy, is a branch of complementary medicine that uses acupuncture, food and lifestyle counseling, homeopathy, herbal treatment, and more.
Acupuncture- The procedure of acupuncture involves inserting fine, solid, metallic needles into the skin, which are subsequently stimulated either by electrical stimulation or by the practitioner's hands making small, precise motions. The conventional form of Traditional Chinese medicine includes acupuncture.
Homeopathy- The notion of treating "like with like" informs the practice of homeopathy, an alternative medicine. By giving patients medications that replicate the symptoms of their illnesses in healthy individuals, homeopathy allegedly promotes the body's natural healing reactions to illness.
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A client sustained second and third degree burns over 30% of the body surface area approximately 72 hours ago. what type of ulcer should the nurse be alert for while caring for this client?
A client sustained second and third degree burns over 30% of the body surface area approximately 72 hours ago. Curling's ulcer should the nurse be alert for while caring for this client.
What is Curling's ulcer?Twisting ulcers are openings in the gastrointestinal parcel that foster after an individual encounters extraordinary actual pressure. The actual injury generally connected with twisting ulcers is a consume. Twisting's ulcer is an intense gastric disintegration coming about as an intricacy from serious consumes when decreased plasma volume prompts ischemia and cell corruption of the gastric mucosa. The condition was first portrayed in 1823 and named for a specialist, Thomas Blizard Twisting, who noticed ten such patients in 1842. While crisis medical procedure was once the main therapy, mix treatments incorporating enteral taking care of with strong acid neutralizers like H2-receptor bad guys or, all the more as of late, proton siphon inhibitors, for example, omeprazole have made Twisting's ulcer an uncommon entanglement.
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Which disease or microbe is not transmitted across the placenta to the unborn fetus?
An older client is diagnosed with alzheimer disease. for which clinical manifestations should the nurse assess the client? select all that apply.
An older client is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, for the below clinical manifestations should the nurse assess the client:
Loss of recent memoryPerceptual disturbancesDifficulty learning something newA degenerative neurologic condition called Alzheimer's disease results in the death of brain cells and brain shrinkage. The most frequent cause of dementia, which is characterized by a steady deterioration in mental, behavioural, and social abilities and impairs a person's capacity for independent functioning, is Alzheimer's disease.
Age-related changes in the brain as well as genetic, environmental, and lifestyle variables are likely contributing factors. Depending on the individual, each of these characteristics may play a different role in elevating or lowering the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
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A physician focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients is known as a.
A physician focusing on the general medical care of hospitalized patients is known as a hospitalist.
Physicians and surgeons deal with maintaining health as well as diagnosing and treating illnesses and injuries. In addition to conducting physical examinations and medical history inquiries, physicians also order, carry out, and interpret diagnostic tests. Patients frequently receive advice from them on food, cleanliness, and preventative healthcare.
Surgeons typically work in sterile locations where they can do surgery, while physicians typically work for private clinics, healthcare organizations, or hospitals.
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When approaching a combat veteran who is highly agitated, the emt must remember that?
When approaching a combat veteran who is highly agitated, the EMT must remember that reassurance with a firm, calm voice may be necessary.
What is an EMT?EMTs, often known as emergency medical service providers, operate ambulances and provide emergency medical care. After assessing the situation, they start treating the victims and then move them to a nearby medical facility. Patients receive emergency care from EMTs, and their first responsibility is to treat the patient as soon as possible. EMTs' primary responsibilities in the emergency cardiac care system are to diagnose cardiac arrest and start resuscitation as soon as is practical. They are also brought to a nearby hospital. EMTs are commonly employed by governments, hospitals, fire departments, private ambulance services, municipal emergency medical service(EMS) associations, and other organizations. EMTs provide medical care in accordance with standards that were often developed by doctors.
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Which right do patients have regarding medication administration? the right to receive unnecessary medications.
Right drug does patients have regarding medication administration.
What is right drug?The main right of medication organization is to check and confirm in the event that it's the right name and structure. Be careful with resemble the other the same and sound-the same drug names. Misreading prescription names that seem to be comparative is a typical slip-up. These clone drug names may likewise sound the same and can prompt mistakes related with verbal remedies. Right Prescription During both medicine planning and organization, you ought to guarantee that you have the right drug. There are many clones or sound-the same medications where extra consideration is justified to guarantee the right drug is given to the patient.
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The nurse uses a variety of therapeutic communication skills when working with clients. which is a therapeutic goal that can be accomplished through the use of therapeutic communication skills?
The nurse uses a variety of therapeutic communication skills when working with clients. Assess the client's perception of a problem is a therapeutic goal that can be accomplished through the use of therapeutic communication skills.
A group of methods known as therapeutic communication put the patients' physical, mental, and emotional well first. While maintaining a level of professional distance and objectivity, nurses support and enlighten patients.
Therefore, the goal of therapeutic communication is to support clinicians in establishing trust with patients while also assisting patients and clinicians in working effectively and efficiently together to promote the patient's physical and emotional welfare.
When the same nurse asks the patient if they have any questions or concerns, explains why they are completing the chores, speaks in a friendly and inviting tone, and shows the patient through body language that their opinions are appreciated, that is an example of therapeutic nursing communication.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a saliva substitute . the patient asks why this medication is necessary. what would be the most appropriate response?
Answer:"This medication helps people that have a condition that creates a lack of saliva."Saliva substitute helps in conditions that result in dry mouth—stroke, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and other illnesses.
Explanation:
Which of the following resources on the BON web page would assist a nurse in determining his or her scope of nursing practice?
The continuing competency info sheet would assist a nurse in determining his or her scope of nursing practice.
The Board's continuing competency rule, Board Rule 216, outlines all requirements in full detail.
All nurses who want to keep their Texas licenses active must show they are still competent in order to renew them.
This is in line with the Texas Board of Nursing's (BON or Board) purpose to safeguard and advance the welfare of Texas residents by ensuring that every nurse holding a valid license in the state is qualified to practice safely.
Additional qualifications apply to APRNs, or advanced practice registered nurses. Additionally, some nurses have focused on continuing education needs. The choice and participation in suitable continuing competency exercises fall on each individual nurse.
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Sally has blood type b and has a child with blood type o. In a paternity test which blood type would exclude a man as the father of the child?.
Which correctly describes the primary effect of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri) antidepressant drug?
The ability to block the reuptake of serotonin correctly describes the primary effect of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri) antidepressant drug.
What is serotonin?Neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) serotonin facilitates communication between brain and nervous system cells. Your mood, as well as your sentiments of happiness and wellbeing, are stabilised as a result of it. The digestive system and sleep cycles are other areas where serotonin is involved.
Serotonin is necessary for the body, but too much or too little might cause health problems. For instance, depression can be brought on by low serotonin levels. However, too much can result in an uncommon disease called serotonin syndrome.
The brain produces serotonin. Tryptophan hydroxylase is an amino acid that the body needs to produce it.
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Patient experiencing trouble breathing first concern is to rule out the presence of
Patient experiencing trouble breathing first concern is to rule out the presence of is Hypoxia.
What exactly are breathing issues?
When your chest feels constricted, your breath is short or you feel as though you are being suffocated, you have breathing issues.
If you are fat or have just engaged in vigorous activity, you can have shortness of breath. Extreme temperatures or being at a high altitude might also cause it.
If you experience breathing issues for any other cause, it is likely an indication of a medical condition.
What further symptoms may I have?
You can also have a cough, fever, sore throat, sneezing, blocked or runny nose, and overall congestion if your breathing issues are brought on by a cold or chest infection.
You may have nausea, lightheadedness, and chest discomfort if the issue is with your heart. Take your medicine exactly as prescribed if you have been given an angina diagnosis. Take a second dosage after waiting five minutes.
You could also have a lot of mucus, make a wheezing sound when you breathe, and your symptoms might grow worse with activity or at night if you have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
You may also have a rapid heartbeat and perspiration if a panic attack is the cause of the issue. and trembling, queasy, woozy, and a feeling of imminent doom or peril.
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A recent medical study found that people who drink more than four cups of coffee a day have more heart attacks than people who drink less coffee or no coffee. This led some doctors to suspect that coffee may be a contributing factor in causing heart attacks. However, more careful analysis of the data showed that heavy coffee drinkers tend to smoke more than other people. This is an example of.
Answer: Confounding
Explanation:
A patient has unexplained weight loss and the provider notes increased skin pigmentation on light-exposed skin folds along with darkened palmar creases. which laboratory tests will the provider order?
If a patient has the unexplained weight loss and if the provider notes of increased skin pigmentation on light-exposed and on the skin folds along with darkened palmar creases. then we order to have Serum ACTH test done
Serum ACTH this test measures the level of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the blood. the ACTH is the hormone made by the pituitary gland, in a small gland at the base of the brain. the ACTH controls the production of the another hormone called as cortisol. Cortisol is made by the adrenal glands, and the two small glands which located above the kidneys A decline in the concentration of the ACTH in the blood leads to the reduction in the secretion of the adrenal hormones, the resulting in the adrenal insufficiency (hypoadrenalism). the Adrenal insufficiency leads to the weight loss, the lack of appetite (anorexia), weakness, the nausea, vomiting, and the low blood pressure (hypotension).
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A client with acute pancreatitis has been started on total parenteral nutrition (tpn). which action should the nurse perform after administration of the tpn?
A client with acute pancreatitis has been started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Measure blood glucose concentration every 4 to 6 hours action should the nurse perform after administration of the TPN.
Use of enteral or parenteral nutrition may be advised. Along with administering enteral or parenteral feedings, the nurse examines the patient's blood glucose levels every 4 to 6 hours.
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)- The digestive system is not used in the feeding method known as total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A precise formula given intravenously meets the bulk of the body's nutritional needs. The procedure is used when a person cannot or shouldn't take feedings or drinks orally.
The given question is incomplete, find below the complete question,
Q. A client with acute pancreatitis has been started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which action should the nurse perform after administration of the TPN?
A. Monitor for reports of nausea and vomiting
B. Measure abdominal girth every shift
C. Measure blood glucose concentration every 4 to 6 hours
D. Auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds every 4 hours
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In the hour immediately following the birth of an infant with a physical challenge, what is a nursing care priority? select all that apply.
Here are the nursing care priority in the hour immediately following the birth of an infant with a physical challenge:
determining the infant's immediate physiologic needspromoting bonding between parents and the newbornThe instant the infant is delivered, an evaluation is begun, and a variety of standard tests are employed to quickly evaluate them. In the first minute and the first five minutes of life, the Apgar score is calculated. An infant's heart rate, breathing rate, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color are all assessed.
The baseline for all upcoming observations is the apgar score. Priorities for nursing care include identifying physiologic requirements and encouraging bonding. It is possible to postpone discussing genetics, discussing long-term effects, and looking at actions that could have led to the problem.
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The nurse wants to discuss the biotransformation reaction to a student. what is the best explanation by the nurse?
Biotransformation converts drugs from one form to another which can result in increased or decreased activity.
What do you mean by the term Biotransformation?Biotransformation is the process by which chemicals that enter the body are transformed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic molecules to aid removal from the body. Typically, this technique produces compounds that have little to no toxicological consequences. Through a process known as bioactivation, hazardous metabolites can occasionally result from biotransformations. Phase I and Phase II biotransformations are the chemical processes that convert a lipophilic toxin into a chemical form. Based on the catalyzed reactions, the two groups are separated. Phase I reactions use oxidation, hydrolysis, or related processes to convert hydrophobic compounds into more polar products.
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the client whose health care provider has instructed them to reduce intake of saturated fat indicates an unwillingness to give up eating red meat. what suggestion can the nurse make to help the client ensure saturated fat consumption is within the recommended range?
The nurse should suggest the patient to pay close attention to the portions of meat intake.
Dietary fat contains saturated fatty acids. It is one of the harmful fats along with trans fat. Most of these fats are solid at room temperature. Large amounts of saturated fat are found in foods such as butter, cheese, red meat, palm oil, coconut oil, and butter. Eating too much saturated fat can lead to heart disease and other health problems. risk of heart disease. Your body needs healthy fats for energy and other bodily processes. However, eating too much saturated fat can cause cholesterol to build up in your arteries (blood vessels). Saturated fat increases LDL (bad) cholesterol. High LDL cholesterol and weight gain increase the risk of heart disease and strokeTherefore, the patient should pay attention to the portions of meat intake.
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