8. Consider some of the widespread global issues that we face here on Earth and
briefly describe them. Then, choose one of the space research technologies
discussed in the unit OR that you find online through some brief research (but
may not be one discussed in the video) and explore how it could help us
research, learn more about, or address this particular issue (similar to how
Wood did in the video) in one to three paragraphs.

The theory of plate tectonics was at first rejected by geologists and the more comprehensive theory later replaced it.

The continents were "drifting" over the surface of the planet, occasionally crashing into one another and into seas.

As we know,

Wegener's theory was largely rejected since he offered no explanation for how the continents may move.

The name of the theory was theory of plate tectonics.

Thus, the theory of plate tectonics that was at first rejected by geologists and the more comprehensive theory that later replaced it.

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Cytoplasm, the semi fluid substance of a cellular this is outside to the nuclear membrane and inner to the mobile membrane, every now and then defined because the nonnuclear content material of protoplasm.

In eukaryotes which cells having a nucleus ,the cytoplasm consists of all the organelles. There are some functions such as protects cell contents; makes touch of different cells consists of channels, transporters, receptors, enzymes and mobile identification markers, meditates the access and go out substance.

Cellular contents among the plasma membrane and nucleus, inclusive of cytosol and organelles.It includes features from all cell types. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm.

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Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce epileptic seizures.

The corpus callosum is a substantial mass of more than 200 million myelinated nerve fibers that links and permits communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. Children who have experienced abuse have abnormalities in their corpus callosum.

The brain must coordinate motions with both sides since each hemisphere governs the opposite side of the body. The corpus callosum serves as a conduit for this coordination. Signals cannot cross the corpus callosum, preventing communication between the two hemispheres. Serious coordination issues could result from this.

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Soap needs to possess two distinct characteristics in order to remove dissolved oil from water. It must have a charged and/or positive end at a non-polar end, I'm sorry. Each pin-shaped molecule that makes up soap has a hydrophilic head that easily forms bonds with water and a hydrophobic tail that avoids water and favors forming bonds with fats and oils.

Because it draws water, the sodium or potassium end of the chain is hydrophilic. Soap's cleansing abilities come from its distinctive structure. When your hands are unclean, it's typically because oils have drawn dirt particles to them, making them stick to your hands.

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Bacterial endospores are protected from chemicals and various lytic enzymes due to the presence of the spore layer called the Coat

Spores known as endospores are produced inside of cells, primarily in bacteria. These spores are produced by vegetative or mother cells of bacteria called sporangia. Bacteria are protected from harmful environmental factors such nutritional shortage (carbon and nitrogen) and overcrowding by endospores.

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Answer:
The growth of waterweed plant is higher in beaker E.

Explanation:
The growth of waterweed plant is higher in beaker E because the waterweed absorb nutrients that is provided in the form of fertilizers. Fertilizers are the nutrients that is essential for the growth of plants. Those plants that has more nutrients available can grow faster than those plants which have no nutrients or less nutrients because these nutrients provides raw material for the formation of amino acids and enzymes that contributes in the growth and development of the body.

Animals and plants release Carbon dioxide into the air through breathing, while plants take it through photosynthesis, keeping the natural carbon cycle almost in balance. The ocean and atmosphere cycle CO2 together in almost perfect harmony.

Photosynthesis- The practice by which plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into oxygen and sugar-based energy is known as photosynthesis.

Solar or radiant energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis. The rate of photosynthesis has a direct impact on the productivity of agricultural crops. It gives the atmosphere the oxygen that all living things need. It maintains this same balanced level of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] and [tex]CO_{2}[/tex] ecosystem.

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Answer:

taste:  the receptors for taste called taste buds are situated  chiefly in the tongue but they are also located in the roof of the mouth and near the pharynx

Explanation:

hope this helped!!

Mass Marketing is a strategy that differs from current market trends, as it does not segment your actions, on the contrary, it focuses on impacting as many users as possible with your ads.

Compared to mass marketing; Segment marketing offers several additional benefits. The company can create a more suitable product or service at the right price for the target audience. Choosing distribution and communication channels becomes easier.

With this information, we can conclude that We can say that the Shotgun Approach is the essence of Mass Marketing. It's about attracting attention to your brand from as many people as possible, regardless of who they are.

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Walmart aims to retailing strategy at a homogeneous (similar) group of consumers. A wide assortment of goods is offered at popular prices. Walmart utilizes which target market strategy?

market segment

mass marketing

store positioning

multiple segmentation

A patient with blood pressure of 99/56, heart rate of 89, dry mucous membranes and flat jugular veins, indicates that he is dehydrated, the most important action is to hydrate the patient with intravenous saline

Cool the patient's body if the cause is excessive heat exposure. Replace fluids orally if there is no nausea and vomiting or excessive dehydration. If not, do intravenous replacement. Do blood and urine tests to determine the causes of dehydration.

Dehydration may not be caused by underlying conditions. Some common causes are

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The cytoskeletal structure linked to an inability to contract and relax the muscle is actin.

Network of fibres that form the framework or infrastructure of most animal cells are called cytoskeletons. They consist of a complex network of proteins that help in cell movement and stabilize the cell.

Actin is a globular, multifunctional protein found in the myofibril of muscle tissues of all eukaryotic cells. Actin takes part in many cellular functions like cell division, cytokinesis, cell mobility and establishment of cell shape. Most importantly, it is necessary for muscular contraction.

Infection, inflammation and mutations in the genes that regulate the production of actin leads to an inability to contract and relax the muscle.

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Pattern recognition receptors inform antigen-presenting cells direct CD4+ T cells to become TH2 helper cells, which activate the humoral immune response, and hence adaptive immunity is activated.

what are pattern recognition receptors?

These receptors are carefully positioned throughout the cell. They may detect intracellular invaders like viruses in the endosomes, recognize external infections like bacteria or fungi at the cell surface, and ultimately in the cytoplasm.

The proteins known as Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) can identify molecules frequently found in pathogens (referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns—PAMPs) or molecules released by damaged cells (referred to as Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns—DAMPs).

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Answer:

Im pretty sure that it's, "Lunar Rhythm"

Explanation:

Lunar Rhythm- the regular ebb and flow of oceans and very large inland bodies of water; typically two high and two low tides occur each day (about 24.8 hours).

Answer:

A. Lunar rhythm

Explanation:

Their clocks are set by the tides of the lunar rhythm.

coagulation stage

During coagulation stage of hemostasis do clotting factors (procoagulants) assist with the transformation of blood from a liquid to a gel.

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Answer: B

In this phase, fragments of the DNA  are separated OR segregated based on their sizes. DNA samples are placed in one end of  gel and electricity is passed to drag them through the gel. The fragments of DNA are made up of  negative charge, that’s why they move across the positive electrode. If this process will continue for long time , DNA will shift off the end of gel. To move through the gel it requires high voltage. If the voltage becomes very high it will lead to melting of gel or smearing of the DNA bands.

Explanation:

The area where nerve impulse is generated is the (b) trigger zone.

The nerve impulse is the signal generated by any organ of the body that travels through the nerve cells. Nerve impulses are also called action potential. This is because while the transmission of the signal, there occurs a difference across the membrane potential.

Trigger zone is where a signal or a response is generated. The signal is generated due to some stimulus like touch, smell, taste, etc. In the nerve cells, this region is generally the axon hillock. At this region the chemically-regulated gates and the voltage-regulated gates meet up.

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A group of executives assigned to oversee the organization's ethics by ruling on questionable issues and disciplining violators is referred to as an ethics committee.

An organization's ethics may be defined as the category of code of conduct of the individuals who are consistently working in a particular organization. These ethics typically expresses the utility of an organization to its employees and other entities irrespective of governmental or regulatory laws.

An ethics committee is a collection of executives that are significantly appointed in order to oversee company or organization ethics.

The ethics committee undertakes responsibility for disciplining unlawful performers and also questioning the basis of ethics which is essential if the organization is to directly consequences employee behavior.

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In the southwest deserts it is common to find Mesquite trees. These trees have developed root systems that can reach 150-200 feet below the surface. Deep roots are capable of reaching water far beneath the surface.

A deciduous tree that thrives in dry conditions is the mesquite tree. Its native areas are the Southwest of the United States, India, the Middle East, Africa, and South America. Actually, there are more than 40 different species of mesquite trees in the Prosopis genus.

As mesquite trees have deeper roots than other desert plants, they can reach down to forty feet in the soil to find water and survive desert conditions, while other plants die.

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The types of bonds that occur in tertiary and quaternary structures to cause a ""globular"" look are: non-covalent bonds and one covalent bond which is disulfide bond.

The quaternary structure of the protein is formed when two or more subunits are joined together. These subunits individually have their own primary, secondary and tertiary structures. The example of protein exhibiting a quaternary structure is hemoglobin.

Non-covalent bonds are those that occur only between the molecules and not between the atoms of a molecule. There are various types of non-covalent bonds. These are: hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Van der Waals forces, etc.

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It is beneficial for cells to use ATP rather than energy directly from the bonds of carbohydrates because ATP effectively supplies energy, it is advantageous for cells to use it as opposed to directly using the energy contained in the bonds of carbohydrates.

Adenosine triphosphate, sometimes known as ATP, is the cellular currency of energy. Cells may quickly access them when needed and they are conveniently stored. The key benefit is that it consistently and effectively supplies energy to the body's cells.

ATP gives the cell a method for effectively managing energy. It is possible to charge, store, and use the molecule as required. Additionally, ATP hydrolysis produces a steady flow of energy.

Different amounts of energy would be delivered if energy were captured from the bonds of several different molecules also the energy driving process from the bonds of the carbohydrates will require much time and because all metabolic processes are fast the requirement of energy is needed rapidly and hence direct consumption of ATP is beneficial to cell.

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Answer:

If one or more nucleotide pairs are deleted from a DNA strand, this is known as a :frameshift mutation

Explanation:

Due to deletion changes occur in the sequence of DNA when at least one nucleotide is removed in a gene.

The point mutation is just a type of genetic modification in which only one nucleotide base from either the DNA or RNA code of an organism is modified, added, or removed.

A missense is just a type of point mutation in biology that causes a codon to encode for a various amino acid as a consequence of a single nucleotide modification. Sickle cell disease  or anaemia is an  good example of this kind of mutation.

Silent mutations are the kind of mutations in which DNA can not affect the phenotype of an organism. They represent a particular kind of neutral mutation.

So, the correct option is frameshift mutation (A).

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The answer to the question is Microbes with the ability to breakdown cellulose live in the digestive system.

The digestive system of the human body is made up of the gastrointestinal tract and additional digestive organs. In order for food to be absorbed and assimilate into the body, it must first be broken down into smaller and smaller components during digestion. Cephalic, gastric, and intestinal phases make up the three stages of the digestive process. Peristalsis is the term used to describe the rhythmic contraction of muscles that starts in the esophagus and travels down the stomach wall and the rest of the gastrointestinal tract.

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An increase in the number of neurotransmitters exocytosed by the presynaptic axon will increase the diffusion of molecules such as neurotransmitters.

what are neurotransmitters?

Any of a group of chemical agents released by neurons (nerve cells) to stimulate surrounding neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells allows impulses to be transmitted from one cell to the next throughout the nervous system. This is known as a neurotransmitter, also known as a chemical transmitter or chemical messenger.

These neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles of the axon terminals and are released during transmission of impulses from one neuron to another.

Neurotransmitter molecules are instantly destroyed by enzymes in the synaptic cleft after being released and binding to postsynaptic receptors; they are also absorbed by receptors in the presynaptic membrane and recycled.

Hence, if they are released in large amounts from the synaptic vesicles their diffusion will increase automatically.

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Nonpreemptive kernels have a single active process at a time. Therefore, race situation scenarios are not possible in nonpreemptive kernels. If preemptive is properly designed to ensure that shared kernel data is devoid of race circumstances, it is race-free.

An illustration of a race condition is when a data structure updates a list of open files in a system when a new file is closed or opened. In this scenario, opening two files simultaneously would cause the list to receive two separate updates, which could lead to race situations.

It is a procedure that might be immediately changed. In comparison to non-preemptive kernels, it is more suited for real-time programming. Preemption is typically permitted, even in kernel mode. Responsive time is deterministic and is more responsive as compared to non-preemptive kernel.

It is a process that keeps running indefinitely until it has handled all execution handlers or willingly gives up the CPU. Compared to a preemptive kernel, it is less suited to real-time programming. Preemption of kernel mode processes is typically not allowed. In comparison to a preemptive kernel, response time is less responsive and nondeterministic.

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Answer:performance

Explanation:

A microbiologist studies the microbes and the disease they cause. The bacterium that will be more responsive to antibiotic treatment will be Staphylococcus aureus.

Antibiotics are said to be the medication and drug class that works against bacterial infections. They are used to kill and slow the rate of growth or reproduction of microbes like bacteria to stop diseases or infections like flu, cold, cough, etc.

Antibiotic exposure can be used to evaluate whether the bacteria are susceptible or resistant to the drug. Staphylococcus aureus species are susceptible, thus the antibiotic therapy will prevent them from growing. Escherichia coli will grow because it is resistant, however.

Therefore, Staphylococcus aureus will become more responsive to antibiotics.

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Answer: A.

The hypothesis is supported because on average S. aureus was more susceptible to antibiotics than E. coli.

Lysozyme fall under Hydrolases in the classification of enzymes.

Lysozyme is an alkaline enzyme that belongs to the glycoside hydrolases class of enzymes. It inactivates bacteria by hydrolysing glycosidic linkages de the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell wall (made of peptidoglycan). The scientific term for glycoside hydrolases is peptidoglycan N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase. FAO/WHO defines them as a polypeptide derived from hen's egg whites with 129 amino acids, a molar mass of about 14000gmol-1 and an isoelectric point of 10.7, and enzymatic activity to hydrolyse the β(1-4) linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the outer membranes of bacterial species, particularly Gram-positive organisms, usually obtained in the hydrochloride form for food use.

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The _________ gland is a specific kind of exocrine gland in which the entire cell breaks down, releasing any stored products.

What is exocrine gland?

A gland that produces and releases bodily fluids such saliva, perspiration, tears, milk, and digestive juices through a duct or other orifice to a body surface. Examples are - salivary glands, sweat glands, mammary glands, etc.

Holocrine gland cells disintegrate, liberating any accumulated products.

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Mouth condition

Medical term stomatosis translated as literally as possible is mouth condition.

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The combinations found in a nucleotide would be C. - "base-sugar-phosphate"

What is a nucleotide?

Nucleotides are organic compounds made up of a phosphate and a nucleoside. They function as monomeric units of the key macromolecules found in all living forms on Earth, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which are both nucleic acid polymers. In addition to being produced by the liver from common nutrients, nucleotides can also be received through diet.

The components of a nucleotide are a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA), a phosphate group, and a base that contains nitrogen. Adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine are the bases that are employed in DNA (T).

Question:

Which of these combinations would be found in a nucleotide?

(a) base-acid-salt

(b) adenine-thymine-uracil

(c) base-sugar-phosphate

(d) DNA-RNA-nucleus

(e) sugar-protein-fat

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